Imrt A New Treatment Method For Nasopharyngeal Cancer
•Download as PPT, PDF•
16 likes•3,657 views
IMRT is a new treatment method for nasopharyngeal cancer that has the potential to improve local control, especially for T3 and T4 tumors, reduce post-irradiation complications, and reduce the rate of distant metastasis. A study of 13 NPC patients treated with IMRT found that it resulted in reduced acute reactions and improved dosimetry compared to conventional radiotherapy. Further research is needed to optimize target definition and dose distribution in IMRT for NPC.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![IMRT - A New Treatment Method for Nasopharyngeal Cancer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/imrt-anewtreatmentmethodfornasopharyngealcancer-090307074635-phpapp01/85/Imrt-A-New-Treatment-Method-For-Nasopharyngeal-Cancer-1-320.jpg)
Recommended
radiotherapy planning of CA maxilla
discussed about indications of radiotherapy and execution in carcinoma maxilla, different techniques such as conventional, conformal, IMRT and VMAT.
RADIOTHERAPY IN CARCINOMA BREAST (EARLY AND LOCALLY ADVANCED)
This document discusses radiation therapy for breast cancer. It begins by outlining the important role of radiation therapy at various stages of breast cancer, including as part of breast conservation and after mastectomy. It then discusses indications for adjuvant radiation therapy based on factors like tumor size and lymph node involvement. The document reviews evidence from clinical trials demonstrating the benefits of radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery in reducing recurrence rates and improving survival. It also discusses techniques, dosing, and toxicity considerations for radiation therapy delivery.
Nasopharynx rt techniques
The document summarizes radiation techniques used in treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It discusses 2D planning techniques including field borders and portals. It also discusses 3D conformal radiation therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), noting that IMRT allows a high dose to the tumor while limiting dose to surrounding tissues. The document reviews studies showing improved local control and reduced toxicity with 3D and IMRT techniques compared to 2D planning. It also discusses dose escalation techniques including brachytherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery boosts as well as altered fractionation schedules.
Radiotherapy For Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
- The document discusses treatment options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and combinations.
- For early stage NSCLC (stages I-II), surgery is the standard treatment but radiotherapy is an alternative for medically inoperable patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy may improve outcomes for stage II.
- For locally advanced NSCLC (stage III), combined modality treatment is usually recommended, with concurrent chemoradiotherapy being superior to sequential treatment for stage IIIB.
Prophylactic cranial irradiation
Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is used to prevent brain metastases in cancers with a high risk of spreading to the brain. It is indicated for small cell lung cancer and certain leukemias. PCI significantly reduces the rate of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer, especially when administered early at higher doses. For extensive stage small cell lung cancer, MRI surveillance may be an alternative to PCI. While PCI reduces brain metastases in leukemia, the risk of brain involvement is low for some types such as AML. The standard dose for PCI is 1200-1800 cGy in fractions, with timing and volumes depending on the cancer type. Potential toxicities include neurocognitive effects, endocrine disorders, and secondary cancers.
Craniospinal irradiation
Craniospinal irradiation involves delivering radiation to the entire cranial-spinal axis and is used to treat cancers that may spread through the cerebrospinal fluid, such as medulloblastoma. It is delivered in two phases, with the first phase irradiating the brain and spinal cord, and the second phase boosting the radiation to the posterior fossa. Proper patient immobilization and treatment planning are important to ensure adequate radiation dose to target areas while minimizing dose to nearby organs at risk. Newer radiation techniques such as VMAT, helical tomotherapy, and proton therapy may further improve treatment by reducing normal tissue dose.
Lung sbrt ppt
This document discusses lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for the treatment of early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It covers treatment indications for SBRT, methods used to account for tumor motion including 4DCT planning and respiratory gating, treatment planning guidelines, evidence from studies showing high rates of local control and survival, and results from RTOG trials of SBRT for lung cancer. In particular, it highlights that SBRT achieves local control rates of 85-95% and overall survival rates of 50-95% at 3-5 years for early stage NSCLC.
craniospinal irradiation
The document discusses craniospinal irradiation (CSI), which delivers radiation to the entire cranial-spinal axis to treat intracranial tumors. It was pioneered in the 1950s and is commonly used to treat tumors that may spread through the cerebrospinal fluid such as medulloblastoma. The document outlines the techniques, challenges, indications, and evolving approaches for CSI such as reduced dose protocols and hyperfractionated regimens. It discusses topics like patient positioning, target volumes, critical structures, field arrangements, and the use of newer technologies like virtual simulation.
Recommended
radiotherapy planning of CA maxilla
discussed about indications of radiotherapy and execution in carcinoma maxilla, different techniques such as conventional, conformal, IMRT and VMAT.
RADIOTHERAPY IN CARCINOMA BREAST (EARLY AND LOCALLY ADVANCED)
This document discusses radiation therapy for breast cancer. It begins by outlining the important role of radiation therapy at various stages of breast cancer, including as part of breast conservation and after mastectomy. It then discusses indications for adjuvant radiation therapy based on factors like tumor size and lymph node involvement. The document reviews evidence from clinical trials demonstrating the benefits of radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery in reducing recurrence rates and improving survival. It also discusses techniques, dosing, and toxicity considerations for radiation therapy delivery.
Nasopharynx rt techniques
The document summarizes radiation techniques used in treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It discusses 2D planning techniques including field borders and portals. It also discusses 3D conformal radiation therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), noting that IMRT allows a high dose to the tumor while limiting dose to surrounding tissues. The document reviews studies showing improved local control and reduced toxicity with 3D and IMRT techniques compared to 2D planning. It also discusses dose escalation techniques including brachytherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery boosts as well as altered fractionation schedules.
Radiotherapy For Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
- The document discusses treatment options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and combinations.
- For early stage NSCLC (stages I-II), surgery is the standard treatment but radiotherapy is an alternative for medically inoperable patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy may improve outcomes for stage II.
- For locally advanced NSCLC (stage III), combined modality treatment is usually recommended, with concurrent chemoradiotherapy being superior to sequential treatment for stage IIIB.
Prophylactic cranial irradiation
Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is used to prevent brain metastases in cancers with a high risk of spreading to the brain. It is indicated for small cell lung cancer and certain leukemias. PCI significantly reduces the rate of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer, especially when administered early at higher doses. For extensive stage small cell lung cancer, MRI surveillance may be an alternative to PCI. While PCI reduces brain metastases in leukemia, the risk of brain involvement is low for some types such as AML. The standard dose for PCI is 1200-1800 cGy in fractions, with timing and volumes depending on the cancer type. Potential toxicities include neurocognitive effects, endocrine disorders, and secondary cancers.
Craniospinal irradiation
Craniospinal irradiation involves delivering radiation to the entire cranial-spinal axis and is used to treat cancers that may spread through the cerebrospinal fluid, such as medulloblastoma. It is delivered in two phases, with the first phase irradiating the brain and spinal cord, and the second phase boosting the radiation to the posterior fossa. Proper patient immobilization and treatment planning are important to ensure adequate radiation dose to target areas while minimizing dose to nearby organs at risk. Newer radiation techniques such as VMAT, helical tomotherapy, and proton therapy may further improve treatment by reducing normal tissue dose.
Lung sbrt ppt
This document discusses lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for the treatment of early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It covers treatment indications for SBRT, methods used to account for tumor motion including 4DCT planning and respiratory gating, treatment planning guidelines, evidence from studies showing high rates of local control and survival, and results from RTOG trials of SBRT for lung cancer. In particular, it highlights that SBRT achieves local control rates of 85-95% and overall survival rates of 50-95% at 3-5 years for early stage NSCLC.
craniospinal irradiation
The document discusses craniospinal irradiation (CSI), which delivers radiation to the entire cranial-spinal axis to treat intracranial tumors. It was pioneered in the 1950s and is commonly used to treat tumors that may spread through the cerebrospinal fluid such as medulloblastoma. The document outlines the techniques, challenges, indications, and evolving approaches for CSI such as reduced dose protocols and hyperfractionated regimens. It discusses topics like patient positioning, target volumes, critical structures, field arrangements, and the use of newer technologies like virtual simulation.
Radiotherapy lymphoma
Radiotherapy is used as primary treatment for early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma or as part of combined modality treatment with chemotherapy. Historically, large mantle fields covering lymph node regions from the skull to the pelvis were used. More modern approaches use smaller involved field radiotherapy targeting only initially involved lymph node regions after chemotherapy based on imaging. Proper delineation of clinical target volumes requires pre-chemotherapy imaging ideally with PET/CT to define original disease extent.
Medulloblatoma - Field Matching In RT Planning - CSI
Craniospinal irradiation is RT technique employed for treating medulloblastoma patients post-operative.
Radiotherapy planning for rectal cancer ,2D updates!
This document outlines the key aspects of radiotherapy treatment planning for rectal cancer, including:
1) The epidemiology of rectal cancer, stages of disease, and patient positioning and immobilization techniques.
2) How to define the target volumes including the gross tumor, clinical target volume, and planning target volume based on disease stage and risk of lymph node involvement.
3) Typical three-field beam arrangements and doses of 45-50.4 Gy given in 1.8 Gy fractions for preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy, with additional boost doses sometimes used.
4) The acute and chronic complications of radiotherapy and dose constraints for organs at risk like the small bowel and bladder.
SBRT in lung cancer
This document provides an overview of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) for lung cancer. It discusses the role of IGRT in managing tumor motion through techniques like breath hold methods, free breathing with gating or tracking, and 4D imaging. Segmentation of the tumor and organs at risk on 4D CT scans is covered. Dose fractionation schedules and biological effective dose calculations for hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy are reviewed. Toxicities, outcomes, and challenges of IGRT in lung cancer are also mentioned.
Radiation therapy in wilms tumour
1. Radiation therapy plays an important role in the treatment of Wilms tumor, especially for advanced or high-risk cases.
2. It is used preoperatively, postoperatively, and for metastatic disease to reduce the risk of recurrence.
3. The indications and techniques for radiation therapy depend on factors like tumor stage, histology, response to chemotherapy, and whether metastases are present. Precise radiation treatment planning is required to effectively target tumors while sparing healthy tissues.
Radiotherapy in ca esophagus
1) The document discusses various radiation techniques for treating cancer of the esophagus including 2D, 3D conformal radiation therapy, IMRT, and IGRT.
2) It covers topics like target volume delineation, field design considerations for different esophageal subsites, and evolution from 2D to 3D treatment planning.
3) While there is no consensus, most contemporary trials use margins of 3-5cm cranially and caudally on the gross tumor with approximately a 2cm radial margin.
TARGET DELINEATION OF CANCER ESOPHAGUS
1. The document discusses guidelines for delineating target volumes for radiation treatment planning in esophageal cancer.
2. It describes expanding the gross tumor volume (GTV) to create the clinical target volume (CTV) with margins of 4cm above and below the tumor and 1-1.5cm radially, plus inclusion of involved lymph nodes.
3. The planning target volume (PTV) is created by expanding the CTV by 0.5-1cm to account for setup variability and organ motion.
Role of Conformal Radiotherapy in HNC
Conformal Radiotherapy in Head and neck cancers is essential in terms of improving quality of life and local control in this era. This presentation aimed at giving an overview of conformal radiotherapy and its role in HNC to a 'general audience'.
2D PLANNING IN BRAIN TUMOR
This document outlines the steps for 2D planning in brain tumor treatment. It describes using a clinical simulator and digitizer to outline the tumor on sequential CT slices using landmarks from a localization image. Points are marked on each slice and connected to generate the tumor contour. Margins are added to create the treatment field. Examples are given of different beam arrangements like parallel opposed pairs and wedge combinations. Quality assurance procedures like checking port films are also discussed. Examples of plans for conditions like pituitary tumors and whole brain radiotherapy are included. The importance of sparing organs at risk is emphasized.
Accelerated partial breast irradiation
Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) delivers radiation to only the portion of the breast at highest risk of recurrence rather than the whole breast. This allows radiation to be delivered in a significantly shortened period. Several techniques for APBI exist including brachytherapy using catheters implanted in the breast, balloon brachytherapy, and external beam radiotherapy. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating outcomes and toxicities of APBI compared to whole breast irradiation in appropriately selected patients with early-stage breast cancer.
Medulloblastoma n csi kiran
The document discusses medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor in children. It covers the pathology, molecular subtypes, clinical features, workup, management including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and prognosis of medulloblastoma. Risk stratification is based on factors like age, extent of resection, and molecular markers to determine appropriate adjuvant treatment.
Radiotherapy in nasopharynx
1) Radiotherapy is the primary treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma due to the excellent response to radiation and proximity to critical structures making surgery difficult.
2) Concurrent chemoradiation provides the greatest survival benefits compared to radiotherapy alone or adjuvant chemotherapy alone based on multiple studies. A network meta-analysis found the treatments with the highest probability of benefit were chemoradiation followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.
3) Positioning and immobilization techniques such as thermoplastic masks are used to precisely deliver high radiation doses to target volumes while sparing surrounding healthy tissues. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy has improved the conformality and reduced side effects compared to 3D conformal radiotherapy.
Approach towards reirradiation
This document discusses the approach towards re-irradiation of common cancers. It begins by noting that local recurrence after radiation therapy and second primary tumors in irradiated areas are challenges, though re-irradiation can provide durable disease control in some cases. It then discusses key considerations for re-irradiation of head and neck cancers, gliomas, gynecological cancers, bone metastases, and brain metastases. Important factors include the initial radiation dose, interval since prior radiation, intent of re-irradiation, cumulative organ doses, and risk versus benefit. Advanced radiation techniques like IMRT can help minimize toxicity risks from re-irradiation. Careful patient selection and multidisciplinary evaluation are emphasized for meaningful survival benefits from re-
Carcinoma Nasopharynx
This document discusses the anatomy, staging, treatment and techniques for carcinoma of the nasopharynx. It describes the parapharyngeal space and lymphatic drainage of the nasopharynx. It discusses the AJCC staging system and Ho's staging system. It covers treatment techniques including two-field and three-field approaches, doses used, treatment volumes, nodal volumes, planning and field matching considerations.
Gastric cancer contouring panel discussion, icc 2017
This document provides guidance on contouring for gastric cancers receiving radiotherapy. It discusses:
1) When radiotherapy is indicated such as neoadjuvant, adjuvant, radical or palliative settings.
2) How to define the clinical target volume to include the stomach bed, regional lymph nodes depending on tumor location, and organs at risk like the kidneys, liver and bowel loops.
3) The simulation protocol including patient positioning, CT imaging and capturing essential structures to aid treatment planning.
4) Guidance on target volume margins, overlap with organs at risk and using motion management techniques to improve target coverage and reduce normal tissue doses.
Srs and sbrt 2 dr.kiran
This document discusses the history and techniques of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). It begins by outlining the early development of SRS by Lars Leksell in the 1950s. It then defines key terms like SRS, SBRT, and fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery. The document goes on to discuss the rationale and advantages of SRS/SBRT, including its ability to deliver high radiation doses with steep dose gradients using multiple beams and image guidance. It also covers topics like tumor oxygenation, cell kill mechanisms, and recent technological advances in the field like VMAT, flattening filter free beams, and 4D
Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
This document discusses radiation therapy options for prostate cancer. It notes that treatment depends on risk level: low risk may receive external beam radiation or seeds alone, intermediate risk should receive some external beam, and high risk should receive hormone therapy plus radiation. Newer techniques like IMRT and IGRT reduce side effects by more precisely targeting the prostate. Side effects of radiation include short term issues like urinary frequency and diarrhea as well as long term risks like radiation cystitis and impotence in some cases.
Contouring guidelines Cervix IMRT
The document provides guidelines for contouring the clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk for carcinoma of the cervix treated with 3D conformal radiation therapy or intensity-modulated radiation therapy. The CTV includes the involved lymph nodes (GTV N) and relevant draining nodal groups. The CTV for the primary tumor (CTV-P) includes the gross tumor, uterus, cervix, parametrium, vagina, and ovaries. Detailed guidelines are provided for contouring the lymph node regions, uterus, vagina, and parametrium. A planning target volume (PTV) is created by adding a 10 mm margin to the total CTV. Additional margins are used to create an
ICRU 89 summary & beyond converted
This is a made easy summary of ICRU 89 guidelines for gynecological brachytherapy. Extra practical questions for MD/DNB Radiotherapy exams are also attached.
Contouring guidelines of carcinoma cervix
This document provides contouring guidelines for radiation treatment planning of carcinoma of the cervix. It outlines the key anatomical targets and organs at risk that must be delineated, including the gross tumor volume, clinical target volume for the primary tumor and lymph nodes, planning target volume, and organs like the bladder and bone marrow. It also discusses important aspects like bladder filling protocol, dose prescription for the tumor and nodes, use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy to spare organs at risk, and set up verification during treatment.
Head & neck cancer
Rec Nasopharynx with ONLY local recurrence need treatment with Surgery/ RT
High precision RT do have benefit in terms of toxicity
Management of nasopharyngeal cancer
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is typically treated with radiation therapy. Concurrent chemotherapy and radiation is the standard for locally advanced disease and improves survival compared to radiation alone. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy provides better tumor coverage and reduces side effects. Surgery has a limited role except for biopsy or salvaging recurrent tumors. Temporal lobe necrosis is a serious potential complication, so fractional doses above 2Gy should be avoided. Close follow-up is needed due to risk of recurrence or late effects.
More Related Content
What's hot
Radiotherapy lymphoma
Radiotherapy is used as primary treatment for early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma or as part of combined modality treatment with chemotherapy. Historically, large mantle fields covering lymph node regions from the skull to the pelvis were used. More modern approaches use smaller involved field radiotherapy targeting only initially involved lymph node regions after chemotherapy based on imaging. Proper delineation of clinical target volumes requires pre-chemotherapy imaging ideally with PET/CT to define original disease extent.
Medulloblatoma - Field Matching In RT Planning - CSI
Craniospinal irradiation is RT technique employed for treating medulloblastoma patients post-operative.
Radiotherapy planning for rectal cancer ,2D updates!
This document outlines the key aspects of radiotherapy treatment planning for rectal cancer, including:
1) The epidemiology of rectal cancer, stages of disease, and patient positioning and immobilization techniques.
2) How to define the target volumes including the gross tumor, clinical target volume, and planning target volume based on disease stage and risk of lymph node involvement.
3) Typical three-field beam arrangements and doses of 45-50.4 Gy given in 1.8 Gy fractions for preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy, with additional boost doses sometimes used.
4) The acute and chronic complications of radiotherapy and dose constraints for organs at risk like the small bowel and bladder.
SBRT in lung cancer
This document provides an overview of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) for lung cancer. It discusses the role of IGRT in managing tumor motion through techniques like breath hold methods, free breathing with gating or tracking, and 4D imaging. Segmentation of the tumor and organs at risk on 4D CT scans is covered. Dose fractionation schedules and biological effective dose calculations for hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy are reviewed. Toxicities, outcomes, and challenges of IGRT in lung cancer are also mentioned.
Radiation therapy in wilms tumour
1. Radiation therapy plays an important role in the treatment of Wilms tumor, especially for advanced or high-risk cases.
2. It is used preoperatively, postoperatively, and for metastatic disease to reduce the risk of recurrence.
3. The indications and techniques for radiation therapy depend on factors like tumor stage, histology, response to chemotherapy, and whether metastases are present. Precise radiation treatment planning is required to effectively target tumors while sparing healthy tissues.
Radiotherapy in ca esophagus
1) The document discusses various radiation techniques for treating cancer of the esophagus including 2D, 3D conformal radiation therapy, IMRT, and IGRT.
2) It covers topics like target volume delineation, field design considerations for different esophageal subsites, and evolution from 2D to 3D treatment planning.
3) While there is no consensus, most contemporary trials use margins of 3-5cm cranially and caudally on the gross tumor with approximately a 2cm radial margin.
TARGET DELINEATION OF CANCER ESOPHAGUS
1. The document discusses guidelines for delineating target volumes for radiation treatment planning in esophageal cancer.
2. It describes expanding the gross tumor volume (GTV) to create the clinical target volume (CTV) with margins of 4cm above and below the tumor and 1-1.5cm radially, plus inclusion of involved lymph nodes.
3. The planning target volume (PTV) is created by expanding the CTV by 0.5-1cm to account for setup variability and organ motion.
Role of Conformal Radiotherapy in HNC
Conformal Radiotherapy in Head and neck cancers is essential in terms of improving quality of life and local control in this era. This presentation aimed at giving an overview of conformal radiotherapy and its role in HNC to a 'general audience'.
2D PLANNING IN BRAIN TUMOR
This document outlines the steps for 2D planning in brain tumor treatment. It describes using a clinical simulator and digitizer to outline the tumor on sequential CT slices using landmarks from a localization image. Points are marked on each slice and connected to generate the tumor contour. Margins are added to create the treatment field. Examples are given of different beam arrangements like parallel opposed pairs and wedge combinations. Quality assurance procedures like checking port films are also discussed. Examples of plans for conditions like pituitary tumors and whole brain radiotherapy are included. The importance of sparing organs at risk is emphasized.
Accelerated partial breast irradiation
Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) delivers radiation to only the portion of the breast at highest risk of recurrence rather than the whole breast. This allows radiation to be delivered in a significantly shortened period. Several techniques for APBI exist including brachytherapy using catheters implanted in the breast, balloon brachytherapy, and external beam radiotherapy. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating outcomes and toxicities of APBI compared to whole breast irradiation in appropriately selected patients with early-stage breast cancer.
Medulloblastoma n csi kiran
The document discusses medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor in children. It covers the pathology, molecular subtypes, clinical features, workup, management including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and prognosis of medulloblastoma. Risk stratification is based on factors like age, extent of resection, and molecular markers to determine appropriate adjuvant treatment.
Radiotherapy in nasopharynx
1) Radiotherapy is the primary treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma due to the excellent response to radiation and proximity to critical structures making surgery difficult.
2) Concurrent chemoradiation provides the greatest survival benefits compared to radiotherapy alone or adjuvant chemotherapy alone based on multiple studies. A network meta-analysis found the treatments with the highest probability of benefit were chemoradiation followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.
3) Positioning and immobilization techniques such as thermoplastic masks are used to precisely deliver high radiation doses to target volumes while sparing surrounding healthy tissues. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy has improved the conformality and reduced side effects compared to 3D conformal radiotherapy.
Approach towards reirradiation
This document discusses the approach towards re-irradiation of common cancers. It begins by noting that local recurrence after radiation therapy and second primary tumors in irradiated areas are challenges, though re-irradiation can provide durable disease control in some cases. It then discusses key considerations for re-irradiation of head and neck cancers, gliomas, gynecological cancers, bone metastases, and brain metastases. Important factors include the initial radiation dose, interval since prior radiation, intent of re-irradiation, cumulative organ doses, and risk versus benefit. Advanced radiation techniques like IMRT can help minimize toxicity risks from re-irradiation. Careful patient selection and multidisciplinary evaluation are emphasized for meaningful survival benefits from re-
Carcinoma Nasopharynx
This document discusses the anatomy, staging, treatment and techniques for carcinoma of the nasopharynx. It describes the parapharyngeal space and lymphatic drainage of the nasopharynx. It discusses the AJCC staging system and Ho's staging system. It covers treatment techniques including two-field and three-field approaches, doses used, treatment volumes, nodal volumes, planning and field matching considerations.
Gastric cancer contouring panel discussion, icc 2017
This document provides guidance on contouring for gastric cancers receiving radiotherapy. It discusses:
1) When radiotherapy is indicated such as neoadjuvant, adjuvant, radical or palliative settings.
2) How to define the clinical target volume to include the stomach bed, regional lymph nodes depending on tumor location, and organs at risk like the kidneys, liver and bowel loops.
3) The simulation protocol including patient positioning, CT imaging and capturing essential structures to aid treatment planning.
4) Guidance on target volume margins, overlap with organs at risk and using motion management techniques to improve target coverage and reduce normal tissue doses.
Srs and sbrt 2 dr.kiran
This document discusses the history and techniques of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). It begins by outlining the early development of SRS by Lars Leksell in the 1950s. It then defines key terms like SRS, SBRT, and fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery. The document goes on to discuss the rationale and advantages of SRS/SBRT, including its ability to deliver high radiation doses with steep dose gradients using multiple beams and image guidance. It also covers topics like tumor oxygenation, cell kill mechanisms, and recent technological advances in the field like VMAT, flattening filter free beams, and 4D
Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
This document discusses radiation therapy options for prostate cancer. It notes that treatment depends on risk level: low risk may receive external beam radiation or seeds alone, intermediate risk should receive some external beam, and high risk should receive hormone therapy plus radiation. Newer techniques like IMRT and IGRT reduce side effects by more precisely targeting the prostate. Side effects of radiation include short term issues like urinary frequency and diarrhea as well as long term risks like radiation cystitis and impotence in some cases.
Contouring guidelines Cervix IMRT
The document provides guidelines for contouring the clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk for carcinoma of the cervix treated with 3D conformal radiation therapy or intensity-modulated radiation therapy. The CTV includes the involved lymph nodes (GTV N) and relevant draining nodal groups. The CTV for the primary tumor (CTV-P) includes the gross tumor, uterus, cervix, parametrium, vagina, and ovaries. Detailed guidelines are provided for contouring the lymph node regions, uterus, vagina, and parametrium. A planning target volume (PTV) is created by adding a 10 mm margin to the total CTV. Additional margins are used to create an
ICRU 89 summary & beyond converted
This is a made easy summary of ICRU 89 guidelines for gynecological brachytherapy. Extra practical questions for MD/DNB Radiotherapy exams are also attached.
Contouring guidelines of carcinoma cervix
This document provides contouring guidelines for radiation treatment planning of carcinoma of the cervix. It outlines the key anatomical targets and organs at risk that must be delineated, including the gross tumor volume, clinical target volume for the primary tumor and lymph nodes, planning target volume, and organs like the bladder and bone marrow. It also discusses important aspects like bladder filling protocol, dose prescription for the tumor and nodes, use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy to spare organs at risk, and set up verification during treatment.
What's hot (20)
Medulloblatoma - Field Matching In RT Planning - CSI
Medulloblatoma - Field Matching In RT Planning - CSI
Radiotherapy planning for rectal cancer ,2D updates!
Radiotherapy planning for rectal cancer ,2D updates!
Gastric cancer contouring panel discussion, icc 2017
Gastric cancer contouring panel discussion, icc 2017
Viewers also liked
Head & neck cancer
Rec Nasopharynx with ONLY local recurrence need treatment with Surgery/ RT
High precision RT do have benefit in terms of toxicity
Management of nasopharyngeal cancer
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is typically treated with radiation therapy. Concurrent chemotherapy and radiation is the standard for locally advanced disease and improves survival compared to radiation alone. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy provides better tumor coverage and reduces side effects. Surgery has a limited role except for biopsy or salvaging recurrent tumors. Temporal lobe necrosis is a serious potential complication, so fractional doses above 2Gy should be avoided. Close follow-up is needed due to risk of recurrence or late effects.
RADIOTHERAPY FOR BREAST CANCER
1. The document discusses locally advanced breast cancer and the role of radiotherapy. It outlines the anatomy, target volumes, organs at risk and response assessment using tools like MRI.
2. Postmastectomy radiotherapy can reduce the risk of local recurrence by 72% and increase survival rates. The risk of local recurrence is higher with larger tumor size and more positive lymph nodes.
3. The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy after mastectomy further reduces the risk of local-regional recurrence compared to no radiotherapy, especially in patients with more advanced clinical stage.
New techniques in breast radiotherapy
This document discusses new techniques in breast radiotherapy, including partial breast irradiation (PBI). It describes several techniques for PBI including interstitial brachytherapy using catheters, intracavitary brachytherapy using the Mammosite device, and 3D conformal external beam radiation therapy. The document highlights the potential benefits of PBI such as reduced treatment time from 6 weeks to 1 week, decreased toxicity, and increased utilization of breast conserving therapy. However, it also notes limitations including the need for additional surgery with some techniques and the lack of long-term data comparing PBI to standard whole breast irradiation.
Driving In Bolivia
The document discusses a mountainous highway in Bolivia called Stremnaya Road that is nicknamed "the road of death". It is a dangerous road situated in Bolivia that winds through mountainous terrain. Driving on this road is risky due to its steep cliffs and lack of safety features.
David Copperfield (Fun)
The document describes an illusion performed by David Copperfield where he claims to be able to see into someone's mind and find the card they are thinking of out of six options. However, he acknowledges that he does not actually know the person or see the card they chose, playing into the illusion for entertainment purposes. It ends with a message about forwarding the message to friends within seven days.
Hellas
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like depression and anxiety.
Montgolfieres Airballons
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like depression and anxiety.
Golf
The document provides instructions for a woman on how to properly hold and swing a golf club to hit the ball farther. It suggests holding the club like her husband's erect penis would provide the correct grip and swing, leading to a powerful hit. The instructor praises her hit but notes her grip could be improved by trying it with her hands.
Methods To Differentiate Radiation Induced Necrosis And Recurrent Disease In ...
This document discusses methods to differentiate between radiation necrosis and recurrent disease in glioma patients using magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRS). It describes how radiation can damage both tumor and normal brain tissue similarly, making it difficult to distinguish the two. MRS is presented as a potential solution by measuring metabolite ratios that have been shown to discriminate between radiation necrosis and recurrent disease. The document outlines an imaging protocol that was awarded funding to enroll glioma patients and longitudinally collect MRI, diffusion weighted MRI and MRS scans over time to further evaluate the ability of these techniques to differentiate radiation necrosis from recurrent tumor.
Ioert To The Tumor Bed
The document summarizes findings from a pooled analysis of 1200 patients treated with intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) using electrons to deliver a 10 Gy boost to the tumor bed, followed by whole breast irradiation. Key findings included:
1. With a median follow-up of 59.6 months, the in-breast tumor control rate was 99.3% and 8 in-breast recurrences were observed.
2. Disease-free survival at 7 years was 87.7% and disease-specific survival was 94.5%.
3. True local recurrences accounted for 3 of the 8 in-breast recurrences, while the other 5 were out-of-quadrant recurrences.
Balanced Approach To Esophageal Cancer
This document discusses balanced treatment approaches for esophageal cancer. It recommends that surgery plus additional therapy is required for pT3 N1 tumors. Definitive chemoradiotherapy is an acceptable standard for squamous cell carcinoma. Preoperative and postoperative combination chemotherapy is also an acceptable approach for resectable esophageal or GEJ adenocarcinoma. Preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy is a standard for resectable adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or GEJ. The role of preoperative chemotherapy alone for resectable squamous cell carcinoma is unclear and not recommended.
Advancing The Prevention And Cure Of Cancer
The document discusses the shared missions and collaborations between the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to advance cancer research and reduce the burden of cancer. It outlines their joint efforts in conferences, workshops, and think tanks. It also summarizes advances in cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment that have contributed to reduced cancer mortality rates in recent years but challenges remain.
Endobronchial High Dose Rate Brachytherapy
This document summarizes the use of endobronchial high dose rate brachytherapy (EHDR) on intubated lung cancer patients. It describes the EHDR procedure, which involves bronchoscopy, catheter placement across the tumor, imaging, planning, and treatment delivery. Three case studies are presented, where intubated patients with lung cancers received 2-4 fractions of EHDR over 1-2 weeks. All three patients achieved the endpoint of successful extubation after treatment, with average oxygen saturation levels maintained during treatment. The document concludes that EHDR is a safe option for intubated lung cancer patients with airway obstruction and can effectively lead to extubation.
Selective Use Of Postoperative Radiotherapy AftEr MastectOmy
The SUPREMO trial aims to determine whether postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) improves outcomes for women with early-stage breast cancer with 1-3 positive lymph nodes. The trial will randomize approximately 3,500 patients to receive either chest wall irradiation or no chest wall irradiation after mastectomy and systemic therapy. The primary outcome is overall survival, with secondary outcomes including disease-free survival, acute/late morbidity, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness. Results from previous trials suggest PMRT may reduce locoregional recurrence and improve survival, especially for those with more positive nodes, but more evidence is still needed.
Viewers also liked (20)
Methods To Differentiate Radiation Induced Necrosis And Recurrent Disease In ...
Methods To Differentiate Radiation Induced Necrosis And Recurrent Disease In ...
Selective Use Of Postoperative Radiotherapy AftEr MastectOmy
Selective Use Of Postoperative Radiotherapy AftEr MastectOmy
Similar to Imrt A New Treatment Method For Nasopharyngeal Cancer
SBRTweb.nearmc
The document discusses stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for early stage lung cancer. It notes that while SBRT and standard lung radiotherapy aim for high precision and accuracy, SBRT differs primarily through higher fractional doses over fewer treatments. Studies show SBRT achieves high local control rates comparable to surgery with less risk. Ongoing trials are comparing SBRT to surgery, but available evidence suggests SBRT is underutilized for lung cancer patients.
SBRT/SABR for Early Stage Lung Cancer: A Brief Overview
SBRT/SABR indications and results, just a brief overview; also, our results at NEARMC in Anniston, AL, 2013-2016
Adaptive radiotherapy in head and neck cancer
Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) can improve treatment for head and neck cancer patients. ART involves modifying the treatment plan based on anatomical changes observed during radiation therapy delivery. For head and neck cancer, target volumes and organs at risk often change significantly over the course of treatment due to factors like weight loss or tumor shrinkage. Studies have shown ART can improve dose distribution by reducing dose to organs at risk while maintaining or improving tumor dose coverage. Clinical benefits of ART include improved local tumor control and fewer treatment toxicities. ART is most beneficial for patients experiencing greater anatomical changes, such as those with more advanced tumors or significant weight loss.
Stereotactic body radiotherapy
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) delivers high-dose radiation to tumors in a small number of fractions using high precision. For prostate SBRT, the target and organs at risk are contoured on planning CT. A dose of 35-38Gy in 5 fractions is used as primary treatment for low risk prostate cancer. Rigid image guidance and intrafraction monitoring are important to minimize setup errors. ExacTrac X-ray positioning co-registers X-rays with digitally reconstructed radiographs and corrects for rotational and translational deviations, achieving sub-millimeter accuracy. This allows safe dose escalation for prostate SBRT.
IMRT and 3D CRT in cervical Cancers
IMRT and 3 DCRT in cervical Cancers - Principles, Uses, Methods and Planning. A short summary of results of contemporary series are also provided.
Role of RT in oropharynx ca 2013 june
This document discusses the role of radiation therapy (RT) in oropharynx cancer treatment. It notes that a multidisciplinary approach is optimal. For early stage disease, RT alone may be sufficient, while for advanced stages concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) provides better control and survival than RT alone. Data from one center shows comparable outcomes for CCRT versus surgery plus RT. Advanced RT techniques like IMRT can lower toxicity compared to 3D conformal RT. Adaptive RT using parameters like tumor volume reduction may help predict outcomes. Future areas of refinement include improved imaging and de-intensified strategies guided by prognostic factors.
IMRT in Head & Neck Cancer
The document discusses intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancers. It describes how IMRT improves target coverage and sparing of organs-at-risk like the parotid glands compared to conventional radiation therapy. Studies show IMRT reduces the risk of xerostomia and improves quality of life outcomes for patients.
Novel rt in sarc2017
Radiotherapy techniques have advanced for treating sarcoma, including more precise tumor delineation using MRI fusion and CT atlases. Treatment planning has improved with IMRT, VMAT and IGRT allowing higher doses to the tumor while sparing normal tissues. Combining radiotherapy with chemotherapy in trials showed increased local control and survival. Alternative particle therapies like protons and carbon ions may further enhance local control rates for certain sarcomas. Ongoing research aims to enhance radiotherapy response through anti-angiogenesis agents and modulating DNA damage response pathways.
Amelia glioblastoma
External beam radiation therapy plays an important role in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) tumors like glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). It involves using imaging like MRI and CT to delineate the tumor and plan radiation fields with margins around the enhanced lesion. Techniques like 3D-CRT, IMRT and Rapidarc are used to deliver precise radiation doses while sparing nearby organs-at-risk. Patient immobilization with a mask and daily image-guidance help ensure accurate targeting. Close multidisciplinary care is important due to the complexity and poor prognosis of CNS tumors.
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with simultaneous modulated accelerated boos...
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with simultaneous modulated accelerated boos...Enrique Moreno Gonzalez
To present our experience of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with simultaneous modulated accelerated radiotherapy (SMART) boost technique in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Radiation Oncology in 21st Century - Changing the Paradigms
Since its inception radiation therapy has been used as one of
the essential treatment options in the management of malignant and some benign tumors. With better understanding of tumor biology many new molecules have been added to the armamentarium of an oncologist. There is continuous improvement in surgical techniques with more emphasis on minimally invasive, organ- and function-preserving techniques. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without addition of radiation therapy has helped surgeon downsizing the tumor and obtaining clearer margins.
The vmat vs other recent radiotherapy techniques
VMAT is a new type of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment technique that uses the same hardware (i.e. a digital linear accelerator) as used for IMRT or conformal treatment, but delivers the radiotherapy treatment using a rotational or arc geometry rather than several static beams.
This technique uses continuous modulation (i.e. moving the collimator leaves) of the multileaf collimator (MLC) fields, continuous change of the fluence rate (the intensity of the X rays) and gantry rotation speed across a single or multiple 360 degree rotations
Innovations conference 2014 prof peter metcalfe moving towards mri along ra...
Professor Peter Metcalfe - Moving Towards MRI Alone Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning: What is the Impact of MRI Distortion
JCRT ABSTRACTS
This document contains abstracts from several studies related to head and neck cancers. The first abstract compares outcomes of 3D conformal radiotherapy versus cobalt-60 teletherapy for larynx cancer. It found no significant differences in overall survival or local control between the two techniques, but acute reactions differed significantly. The second abstract finds that simultaneous integrated boost IMRT may be superior to sequential IMRT for nasopharyngeal cancer in reducing dose to organs at risk and toxicity. The third explores whether neck irradiation can replace neck dissection for stage 1 tongue cancer patients, finding no significant difference in disease-free survival between the two groups.
10 may sbrt
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is an evolution of stereotactic radiosurgery that delivers high-dose radiation to tumors in fewer fractions than conventional radiotherapy. It requires extra-ordinary care due to the precision needed to target tumors while sparing surrounding tissues from damage. SBRT has shown efficacy in treating various tumor types including lung, liver, spine, pancreas and prostate cancers with acceptable toxicity risks when proper quality assurance procedures and motion management techniques are followed.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE BENEFITS AND ADVANTAGES TO SRT
1) Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT), and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) use focused radiation beams and precise targeting to deliver high doses of radiation to small, well-defined tumors with minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
2) Studies have found stereo treatments improve survival rates for certain brain tumors compared to traditional treatments and offer an effective non-invasive option for inoperable lung tumors.
3) The advantages of stereo treatments include targeting small tumors with high radiation doses using fewer treatment sessions, resulting in reduced side effects and improved quality of life for patients.
Sophie Taieb : Breast MRI in neoadjuvant chemotherapy : A predictive respons...
Sophie Taieb : Breast MRI in neoadjuvant chemotherapy : A predictive respons...breastcancerupdatecongress
This document discusses the use of breast MRI in evaluating response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. MRI can provide both morphological and functional information about tumors. Studies show DCE-MRI and DWI-MRI may help assess response after 1-2 cycles of chemotherapy, with changes in tumor size, kinetic parameters and ADC values predicting pathological complete or near-complete response. Larger prospective trials are still needed to standardize MRI methods and thresholds to determine if changes on MRI could guide modifications to chemotherapy regimens for non-responders. Overall, MRI shows potential as a predictive marker and non-invasive method for monitoring early response to neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment.SBRT
This document provides an overview of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). It begins with the history and introduction of SBRT, explaining how it differs from other radiotherapy modalities. It describes how SBRT works through its biological effects on tumor cells and blood vessels. Simulation, planning, patient immobilization and motion management are discussed. Common SBRT dose fractions and indications for various tumor sites are summarized, including lung, liver, spine, prostate and pancreas. Key challenges and dose constraints for each site are highlighted.
Role of Radiation Therapy for Lung Cancer
Radiation therapy plays an evolving role in the treatment of lung cancer beyond just causing DNA double strand breaks.
1) Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) can provide curative treatment for early stage lung cancer with high local control rates.
2) For locally advanced lung cancer, dose escalation with conventional fractionation in RTOG 0617 did not improve overall survival, highlighting the importance of fractionation and sequencing with other therapies.
3) Radiation induces tumor cell death that can elicit anti-tumor immune responses, known as abscopal effects, especially when combined with immunotherapy like anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD1/PDL1 agents which play complementary roles.
Treatment Of Stage Iii Nsclc The Role Of Radiation Therapy
1. Chemo-radiotherapy is the standard of care for stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on randomized clinical trial outcomes, though local control and toxicity remain issues.
2. Advances in radiation therapy techniques like 3D conformal radiation therapy and intensity modulated radiation therapy may help improve local control and reduce toxicity by better sparing healthy tissues.
3. Patient-specific factors like tumor volume, nodal disease extent, co-morbidities, and dosimetry parameters should be considered to select optimal combined modality treatments and minimize risks.
Similar to Imrt A New Treatment Method For Nasopharyngeal Cancer (20)
SBRT/SABR for Early Stage Lung Cancer: A Brief Overview
SBRT/SABR for Early Stage Lung Cancer: A Brief Overview
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with simultaneous modulated accelerated boos...
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with simultaneous modulated accelerated boos...
Radiation Oncology in 21st Century - Changing the Paradigms
Radiation Oncology in 21st Century - Changing the Paradigms
Innovations conference 2014 prof peter metcalfe moving towards mri along ra...
Innovations conference 2014 prof peter metcalfe moving towards mri along ra...
Sophie Taieb : Breast MRI in neoadjuvant chemotherapy : A predictive respons...
Sophie Taieb : Breast MRI in neoadjuvant chemotherapy : A predictive respons...
Treatment Of Stage Iii Nsclc The Role Of Radiation Therapy
Treatment Of Stage Iii Nsclc The Role Of Radiation Therapy
More from fondas vakalis
radiotherapy-pancreatic cancer
This document discusses pancreatic cancer and its treatment. It begins by stating that pancreatic cancer is most commonly diagnosed as locally advanced or metastatic. It then discusses the role of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. It notes that the majority of surgically treated patients will have a recurrence, with a median survival of 15-20 months. The value of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy is debated. The document summarizes several clinical trials investigating chemotherapy and chemoradiation as adjuvant treatment after surgery. It also discusses neoadjuvant therapy and its potential advantages over adjuvant therapy. Emerging strategies discussed include induction chemotherapy followed by localized chemoradiation or second line therapy. The document concludes by describing modern radiation
radiotherapy of bone metastases,Vakalis
This document provides information on the evaluation and treatment of metastatic bone disease and spinal cord compression. It discusses:
1. Common sites of bone metastases from various primary cancers. Imaging tools to evaluate bone metastases like x-rays, bone scans, CT, PET, and MRI scans are described.
2. A multi-disciplinary treatment approach is recommended, including medical treatment, surgery, radiotherapy, radionuclides, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy.
3. Details are provided on conventional and advanced radiation therapy techniques for treating bone metastases and spinal cord compression, including stereotactic radiosurgery. Overall pain relief rates, time to pain relief, and the benefits of combining surgery and radiation therapy are
sbrt for inoperable lung cancer
This document discusses stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for early stage lung cancer patients who cannot undergo surgery. It describes how SBRT delivers a high radiation dose to the tumor in just 1-5 sessions. Studies show SBRT provides improved tumor control compared to conventional radiotherapy, with surprisingly low toxicity. Early investigations found 3-year tumor control rates of 60-80% with SBRT, similar to surgery. Larger prospective trials of SBRT for medically inoperable early stage lung cancer patients demonstrated 3-year local control of 90-98% and low risks of side effects. SBRT provides an effective non-invasive alternative to surgery for these high-risk patients.
Spinal cord compression bhf aos study day mar 2014 final
This document provides an overview of malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC). It begins with a clinical case of a 56-year-old man initially diagnosed with back pain who is later found to have prostate cancer with MSCC. The talk then covers the anatomy of the spinal cord, definition and incidence of MSCC, typical symptoms, investigations including MRI, and treatment options like surgery, radiotherapy, and steroids. Outcomes are discussed, with the median survival being 6 months. The document concludes by outlining the key priorities for implementing NICE guidance on MSCC, including early detection and treatment of suspected cases as emergencies.
Vakalis breast radiotherapy
The document discusses breast cancer treatment recommendations including:
- No radiation therapy is recommended for early stage DCIS or invasive breast cancer.
- A tumor bed boost is recommended for higher risk patients but large trials found no survival difference with or without a boost.
- Hypofractionated whole breast radiation has become a standard option based on trials showing no difference in survival outcomes compared to conventional fractionation.
- Several trials investigated omitting axillary lymph node dissection or radiation with favorable results for select patient groups with low tumor burden.
Vakalis - RT for prostate cancer
This document discusses recent data on radiation therapy for prostate cancer. It begins by outlining the risk of prostate cancer development and mortality rates over time. It then examines risk stratification systems and treatment options for low, intermediate, and high risk disease. The document focuses on the benefits of dose escalation in radiation therapy, noting several studies that found higher radiation doses improved outcomes with acceptable toxicity when using newer techniques like IMRT. It also discusses hypofractionated regimens and image-guided radiation as ways to further improve the therapeutic ratio. In summary, this document reviews evidence that higher and more precisely delivered radiation doses can improve prostate cancer control while maintaining reasonable side effects.
Her2 positive metastatic breast ca
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Studies have shown that meditating for just 10-20 minutes per day can have significant positive impacts on both mental and physical health over time.
nonsquamous NSCLC
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Advanced breast cancer
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like depression and anxiety.
Second line therapy for nsclc
This document summarizes a presentation on new perspectives on second-line therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The presentation discusses current standards of care for second-line NSCLC, the unique needs of patients without targetable mutations, and emerging research findings. One study presented was the LUME-Lung 1 trial which found that the addition of the angiogenesis inhibitor nintedanib to docetaxel improved progression-free survival compared to placebo plus docetaxel in second-line NSCLC, with a significant overall survival benefit seen in the adenocarcinoma subgroup. Outstanding issues regarding biomarkers and the role of nintedanib in squamous cell carcinoma were discussed.
Vegf in colorectal ca
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
HER2 negative metastatic breast ca
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like depression and anxiety.
Radiobiology behind dose fractionation
The document discusses the radiobiology behind dose fractionation in radiation therapy. It provides an overview of the linear quadratic model which describes how cell survival changes with dose and is used to determine biologically equivalent doses for different fractionation schedules. The model assumes equal effect per fraction but may not be accurate at high or low doses. Fractionation takes advantage of the four R's - repair, repopulation, redistribution, and reoxygenation - to better kill tumors while sparing normal tissues. The alpha/beta ratio indicates a tissue's sensitivity to fractionation and is used to estimate equivalent total doses for different fraction sizes.
2012-michael joiner-hypofractionation
The document discusses how tumor radiobiology may impact the move toward hypofractionation in radiation therapy. It reviews evidence that the classic linear-quadratic model does not fully capture tumor response at high radiation doses, and that other factors like vascular damage and immune effects become more important. Response heterogeneity between different tumor cell populations may also help explain why survival curves appear more linear at higher doses per fraction.
RECTAL CA - VAKALIS . X
Rectal cancer treatment typically involves surgery. Local recurrence after conventional surgery occurs in 15-65% of cases on average. Long course preoperative chemoradiotherapy has been shown to reduce local recurrence rates compared to short course preoperative radiotherapy or radiotherapy alone. It increases local tumor control and survival rates with some toxicities but does not reduce colostomy rates. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy is superior to postoperative chemoradiotherapy in reducing local recurrence rates without affecting overall survival.
More from fondas vakalis (20)
Spinal cord compression bhf aos study day mar 2014 final
Spinal cord compression bhf aos study day mar 2014 final
Recently uploaded
Cosmetology and Trichology Courses at Kosmoderma Academy PRP (Hair), DR Growt...
Cosmetology and Trichology Courses at Kosmoderma Academy PRP (Hair), DR Growt...Kosmoderma Academy Of Aesthetic Medicine
Kosmoderma Academy, a leading institution in the field of dermatology and aesthetics, offers comprehensive courses in cosmetology and trichology. Our specialized courses on PRP (Hair), DR+Growth Factor, GFC, and Qr678 are designed to equip practitioners with advanced skills and knowledge to excel in hair restoration and growth treatments.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Acute Gout Care & Urate Lowering Therapy .pdf
In this document , the management of acute gout attacks and a description of urate lowering therapy is mentioned.
vonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentation
Vonoprazan, a new potassium acid channel blocker used in the conditions of GERD and gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer ....
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Fallopian tube blockage may cause female infertility. For treatment, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can be a solution.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
DECLARATION OF HELSINKI - History and principles
This SlideShare presentation provides a comprehensive overview of the Declaration of Helsinki, a foundational document outlining ethical guidelines for conducting medical research involving human subjects.
Top Travel Vaccinations in Manchester
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Ketone bodies and metabolism-biochemistry
This slide consists of all the topics of ketone . This can be used for exam purpose for writing about Diabetic keto acidosis etc . Thank you
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS). Parc Taulí. Sabadell
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
This document outlines policies and procedures for handling narcotic and controlled drugs in NABH accredited hospitals.
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
This quiz was conducted as a promotional event for the 2024 Annual Meet of Kerala Chapter of API.
More than 20 participants took part everyday !
Recently uploaded (20)
Cosmetology and Trichology Courses at Kosmoderma Academy PRP (Hair), DR Growt...
Cosmetology and Trichology Courses at Kosmoderma Academy PRP (Hair), DR Growt...
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Vestibulocochlear Nerve by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Vestibulocochlear Nerve by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
Imrt A New Treatment Method For Nasopharyngeal Cancer
- 2. INTRODUCTION
- 12. Immobilization
- 13. Imaging acquisition and contouring
- 17. Dose limits of inverse planning
- 18. Inverse planning
- 19. IMRT QA and Treatment MLC Controller TPS Leaf Motion Treatment Machine Record and Verify Log File Indep. MU Calc. DMLC Port Film/ DRR Comparison Film/Ion Chamber Verification ?
- 20. NPC2: 測量值 NPC2: 運算值
- 21. NPC4: 測量值 NPC4: 運算值
- 22. Verification the treatment position by simulation
- 23. Verification the treatment position by portal imaging (EPID)
- 25. RESULTS
- 28. Acute Reaction
- 29. Dosimetry
- 34. How to define the treatment targets?
- 40. Is the IMRT really better than conventional or 3-D conformal radiotherapy?
- 41. IMRT Two opposed
- 47. IMRT must be applied very carefully!
- 50. Thank You!