This document introduces biomedical image analysis and machine learning techniques. It discusses imaging modalities like X-ray, MRI, ultrasound and microscopy. The components of an imaging system include instrumentation, image generation, processing, analysis, storage and retrieval. Areas of image processing include enhancement, feature extraction, segmentation, registration and reconstruction. Machine learning techniques like classification, pattern recognition and statistical analysis are applied at different image analysis levels. Common machine learning techniques discussed are dimensionality reduction, supervised learning, and unsupervised learning. Principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis are dimensionality reduction techniques explained in detail.