This document discusses different patterns found in paragraphs: comparison, cause/effect, and sequence. It provides examples and signal words for each pattern. The comparison pattern compares two or more things and discusses their similarities and differences. Common signal words include alike, similar, same, different, and however. The cause/effect pattern discusses causes and effects, with signal words like cause, reasons, and because. The main idea sets up what will be compared or connects a cause to an effect.

1. UNIT 6 Identifying the Pattern

2. What is a pattern?
It’s a regular way that something is organized or done.
The listing pattern
The Comparison
Pattern
The Sequence
The Cause/Effect
Pattern
Common Patterns
in Paragraphs

3. Main idea: The history of the island of Cuba

4. The Comparison PATTERN
In this pattern, the main idea tells you about two things, people, or ideas. It tells how they are
similar, different, or both. The paragraph tells about the ways they are similar or different.
Explanation:
1. The first sentence is also the main idea sentence.
. The words both and similar tell us there will be a comparison.
. It tells abut similarities.
.The signal words are same, similar, a lot like, both
Main idea: Modena and Ferrara are both interesting, smaller
Italian cities

5. Common Signal Words for the Comparison
Pattern
For the main idea:
.Any of the signal words below may be included in the main idea.
For the supporting facts and ideas:
.Words that show similarity:alike, like, similar, same, also, both, too
.Words that show difference: different, unlike, but, however, while, on the
other hand

6. Main idea: lemons and limes are different

7. The Cause/Effect Pattern
In this pattern, the main idea tells you that something causes
something else (or is caused by something else). The
paragraph tells about the causes and/or the effects.
Sometimes the cause comes first and sometimes the effect
comes first. For example;
A. Shoes with high heels can cause foot problems.
B. Foot problems are caused by shoes with high heels.
Cause effect
effect Cause

8. Main idea: reasons of moving to Irland after 2001.
Explanation
The first sentence is the main idea sentence.
. The word why tells us there will be a cause/effect pattern.
. It tells about the causes.
. The signal words are cause, reasons, because of

9. Main idea: Why do many people in United States take
vitamins
msm00025@gmail.com