The document discusses different methods authors use to organize and present ideas in their writing, including chronological order, cause and effect, comparison and contrast, and main idea with supporting details. It provides examples to illustrate each organizational pattern and notes that authors choose patterns to support their purpose and make their ideas clear for readers.

1. Methods of Organization Analyze ways authors organize and present ideas

2. It fits the purpose When authors write from specific points of view , they organize their presentation of ideas. They use different approaches to support their purposes They pick an organization format that will help make their ideas clear to the reader

3. Ask yourself… What shape does the author help give his overall writing? Can I see a pattern to the argument? How are the ideas divided and presented?

4. Organizational Patterns Chronological Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast Main Idea and Supporting Details

5. Chronological Story or information is told in the order that the events occurred Sari’s Education 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade 4 th Grade

6. Chronological Example (1) First, Goldilocks sat in the great big, Papa Bear chair, but it was too hard. Then, she sat in the medium sized, Mama Bear chair, but it was too soft. Finally, she sat in the little, bitty, Baby Chair, and it was just right.

7. Chronological Example (2) When the Anglo-Saxons conquered the British Isles they introduced their language which was composed of common everyday words like boat and tree. Later, the Normans added French words like café.

8. Cause and Effect The author establishes a link between the way things are now and how they got that way. CAUSE EFFECT

9. Order doesn’t matter Sometimes the cause will be presented first… … then the effect will follow CAUSE EFFECT

10. Cause/Effect Example (1) Cause: During the experiment, Henry poured the liquid bromine into the saline solution. Effect: His hypothesis was proved correct when the solution changed colors.

11. Order still doesn’t matter Sometimes the issues are presented with the effects sited first… … then the causes are offered as explanation CAUSE EFFECT

12. Cause/Effect Example (2) Effect: The future of gorillas in the wild is at risk. Scientists predict that at the present rate of decline, in 30 years all the world’s wild gorillas will be gone. Cause: Gorilla meat is a dietary staple for nearly 12 million people in Africa.

13. Comparison and Contrast One idea is presented first, followed by a similar or different way of seeing things. Oranges Apples

14. Compare/Contrast Example (1) Seurat painted scenes of everyday life full of realistic people and objects with soft edges and lines. He wanted his art to capture “feelings” of the moment. Picasso, on the other hand, used distorted images and strange colors to create mood.

15. Compare/Contrast Example (2) Saturn is the second largest planet in the solar system, much larger than Earth. It is mostly made of hydrogen. It rotates more quickly too. A day on Saturn is only about 10 Earth hours long. But it takes about 30 of our years to make one full trip around the sun.

16. Main Idea and Supporting Idea Major ideas are presented and supported with evidence or details. Main Idea Supporting Idea Supporting Idea Supporting Idea

17. Main Idea Example (1) Native American tribes lived in a variety of different dwellings. The Plains Indians used tepees that were easy to put up and take down. The Iroquois built longhouses, which were large rectangular homes. The Navajo constructed earth-covered dwellings called hogans.

18. Main Idea Example (2) Out on the sidewalk I could hear Ted and his brother arguing. Then the neighbor’s dog started barking because of the loud hammering across the street. It was not a peaceful day.

19. REVIEW What are the 4 organizational patterns? Why do author’s use different types of organization? What clues will help you determine the pattern?

20. Remember… Chronological Cause/Effect Comparison/Contrast Main/Supporting Idea