1) Negotiations over water allocations between riparian states often result in deadlock due to asymmetrical power balances and the question of "what's in it for me?". 2) A benefit-sharing approach focuses on generating mutual benefits from water resources rather than directly allocating water volumes, providing more opportunities for cooperation. 3) The Senegal River Basin organization is cited as a successful example of transboundary water cooperation, with jointly planned infrastructure projects, shared development benefits and costs.

1. Ana Elisa Cascão - SIWI Presentation to TWM Global 2010 Maputo, Mozambique HYDROPOLITICS (III): Water and Cooperation

2. How to overcome the deadlock? Way forward? Riparian A Riparian B Deadlock

3. Deadlock COOPERATION Cooperation among equals ? Riparian A Riparian B

4. Riparian A Riparian B COOPERATION ? Cooperation among riparians with asymmetric power

5. NILE RIVER BASIN: My water, Your water, Our water? EGYPT 9 UPSTREAM RIPARIANS

6. Sharing the Nile water resources

7. UN Water Convention (1997): Principle of Equitable and Reasonable Utilisation of water

8. Negotiating water treaties: ‘what is in there for me?’ New Nile Agreement Egypt Ethiopia

10. Water-Sharing vs. Benefit-Sharing?

11. Benefit-Sharing Approach Benefits to the river Benefits from the river Benefits because of the river Benefits beyond the river BENEFITS OF COOPERATION Environmental Social Economic Political Sadoff and Grey 2002, 2005 “ A focus on sharing the benefits derived from the use of water, rather than the allocation of water itself, provides far greater scope for identifying mutually beneficial cooperative actions”

12. ‘ Making the pie bigger’: Generating and sharing regional benefits TWO-Analysis, SIWI 2008

15. Manantali Dam - a joint project: shared benefits and shared costs

16.  Identify cooperative or joint projects in your river basin EXERCISE 2: ‘Making the pie bigger’ ? ? ? ? ?  How can the benefits be shared among the riparian states?  How can the costs be shared among the riparian states?

17. Thanks for your attention! [email_address] HYDROPOLITICS (III) * Hydropolitical Cooperation is possible * ‘Water-sharing’ (water allocation) is a difficult political process * ‘Benefit-sharing’ can be an alternative paradigm