The Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) is a social movement opposed to the Narmada Valley Development Project, a project involving the construction of 30 large dams along the Narmada River in India. The NBA, led by activist Medha Patkar since 1989, argues that the dams will displace millions of people while benefiting economic elites. Using non-violent Gandhian methods like protests and hunger strikes, the NBA campaigned internationally and nationally to stop the projects. While construction of the Sardar Sarovar Dam was approved by the Supreme Court in 2000, the NBA continues opposing the project and advocating for affected communities.
The Narmada projects are the epitome of unsustainable development.
Two of the largest proposed dams, Sardar Sarovar and Narmada Sagar, have been under construction since 1961.
According to Narmada Bachao Andolan, the dams force the displacement of about a million people and affect many more, largely poor peasants and tribals.
They also cause immense ecological damage through the inundation of forests, including prime habitats of rare species.
Resettlement and compensation have been totally inadequate and there is not the remotest prospect that the displaced people, the ‘oustees’, will be adequately resettled, nor that the ecological damage can be compensated for.
There are also real doubts, borne out by the experience of large dams elsewhere in India, that the dams will yield their projected benefits of hydropower, irrigation and drinking water.
The project is set fair to become another human and ecological ‘development tragedy’.
This presentation is all about Narmada Bachao Andolan (Movements) and struggle of Medha Patkar along with other supporters for the rights of villagers of Narmada Valley.
The Narmada projects are the epitome of unsustainable development.
Two of the largest proposed dams, Sardar Sarovar and Narmada Sagar, have been under construction since 1961.
According to Narmada Bachao Andolan, the dams force the displacement of about a million people and affect many more, largely poor peasants and tribals.
They also cause immense ecological damage through the inundation of forests, including prime habitats of rare species.
Resettlement and compensation have been totally inadequate and there is not the remotest prospect that the displaced people, the ‘oustees’, will be adequately resettled, nor that the ecological damage can be compensated for.
There are also real doubts, borne out by the experience of large dams elsewhere in India, that the dams will yield their projected benefits of hydropower, irrigation and drinking water.
The project is set fair to become another human and ecological ‘development tragedy’.
This presentation is all about Narmada Bachao Andolan (Movements) and struggle of Medha Patkar along with other supporters for the rights of villagers of Narmada Valley.
Multipurpose River Valley Projects and alternate water supply methodsTannya
Role of multipurpose river valley projects (Included Map)
Evaluation of positive and negative aspects of river valley projects
Case study on one river valley and one local area conservation project(Include Map)
Narmada Bachao Andolan
Tehri Dam Andolan
The case study includes the following:-
Rehabilitation of the displaced population
Environment Impact Assessment
The Himalayas are the source of three major Indian rivers namely the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra. Ganga drains a basin of extraordinary variation in altitude,climate, land use, flora & fauna, social and cultural life.Ganga has been a cradle of human civilization since time immemorial. Millions depend on this great river for physical and spiritual sustenance. People have immense faith in the powers of healing and regeneration of the Ganga. It is arguably the most sacred river in the world and is deeply revered by the people of this country. The River plays a vital role in religious ceremonies and rituals. To bathe in Ganga is a lifelong ambition of many who congregate in large numbers for several river centered festivals such as Kumbh Mela and numerous Snan (bath) festivals.
This is the PowerPoint which gives best of the knowledge of Ganga action plan with most elegant and shortest way. we will talk about the most worshipped river and about the purity of this river which is going on depleting.
powerpoint presentation on Ganga action plan. it consists details about ganga, source of pollution, about the plan, all the data and analysis along with latest statics.
Disaster management- case study on 26 July 2005 Mumbai floodmadhura92
Presentation gives brief about Mumbai 26 July 2005 flood case study- Introduction, Factors aggravated for flood, casualty & damage, rescue operation carried out, mitigation measures, assessment done by government, guidelines for immediate action, long term strategies
Multipurpose River Valley Projects and alternate water supply methodsTannya
Role of multipurpose river valley projects (Included Map)
Evaluation of positive and negative aspects of river valley projects
Case study on one river valley and one local area conservation project(Include Map)
Narmada Bachao Andolan
Tehri Dam Andolan
The case study includes the following:-
Rehabilitation of the displaced population
Environment Impact Assessment
The Himalayas are the source of three major Indian rivers namely the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra. Ganga drains a basin of extraordinary variation in altitude,climate, land use, flora & fauna, social and cultural life.Ganga has been a cradle of human civilization since time immemorial. Millions depend on this great river for physical and spiritual sustenance. People have immense faith in the powers of healing and regeneration of the Ganga. It is arguably the most sacred river in the world and is deeply revered by the people of this country. The River plays a vital role in religious ceremonies and rituals. To bathe in Ganga is a lifelong ambition of many who congregate in large numbers for several river centered festivals such as Kumbh Mela and numerous Snan (bath) festivals.
This is the PowerPoint which gives best of the knowledge of Ganga action plan with most elegant and shortest way. we will talk about the most worshipped river and about the purity of this river which is going on depleting.
powerpoint presentation on Ganga action plan. it consists details about ganga, source of pollution, about the plan, all the data and analysis along with latest statics.
Disaster management- case study on 26 July 2005 Mumbai floodmadhura92
Presentation gives brief about Mumbai 26 July 2005 flood case study- Introduction, Factors aggravated for flood, casualty & damage, rescue operation carried out, mitigation measures, assessment done by government, guidelines for immediate action, long term strategies
Hello friends, this is my new blog. And I am adding this post in the name of Top 10 Dams in India. I am working hard so please support me. Watch and like my posts
Natural Resources at Rakhine; causes a violation of the human rights of Rohin...Safayat Hossain
Myanmar, a non-Muslim South Asian country nowadays is known for killing Muslims in the world. Vested political and economic interests are key factors behind this humanitarian problem and forced for the displacement, not just of the Rohingya Muslim but for the other minorities as well. Rakhine state is a strategically important state for Myanmar's neighbor’s country, China and India. Despite its rich natural resources, Rakhine remains one of Myanmar's most impoverished states. Rakhine ranked 8th important state in terms of natural resources, business, economy, etc. Discovery of this massive energy reserves in Rakhine caught few countries attention, which developed oil and gas pipelines to connect Myanmar's Kyaukphyu port with Kunming – allowing oil from the Gulf States and Africa to be pumped to China, bypassing the Malacca Straits, and transporting hydrocarbons from Myanmar's offshore fields to China. Of the 400 million cubic feet of gas produced every day, 379 million are exported to China. 771-kilometer pipeline starts at the Bay of Bengal in Rakhine state, from where most of the Rohingya have been forced out. Another big neighbor country India is constructing the Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project through Rakhine state to directly connect its northeast with the Bay of Bengal and has nearly finished the Sittwe port work where the Kaladan project starts. Companies from France, Indonesia, China, India, Russia, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, and Hong Kong have invested in onshore projects while firms from South Korea, France, Malaysia, China, India, Thailand, and Vietnam are all involved in the exploration. In 2010 about 70000 acres of farmland were confiscated for the project but in those years no one dared to speak out about hardship caused by the junta. Farmer's land was confiscated. Some of them could not survive, some of them moved to another township to make a living, some are rapped, some are killed maximum are forced to go to Bangladesh. At least 6,700 Rohingya, including at least 730 children under the age of five, were killed in the month after the violence broke out, according to Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF). This study will analyze how natural resources are connected with the human rights violation of the Rohingya Refugee people of Myanmar. Keywords: Human-Rights, Rohingya, Hydropower, Natural Resources, Myanmar, China, Bangladesh, Economy, Business, Politics.
Status of river linking project in indiakhushal tadas
India accounts for 2.4% of the world’s surface area but supports 16.7% of the world’s population. India possesses meager 4% of world’s water resources, that too highly uncertain in time and space due to its climate
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
2. About Narmada River
● Narmada River is the fifth longest river in India.
● It begins its 1312 km (813 mile) flow to the sea from Amarkantak village in
Madhya Pradesh, continuing its flow towards Maharashtra, then Gujarat and
eventually to the Arabian sea,
3. History of the Project
● The idea of building dams in the Narmada river basin predates independent
India,
● In 1946, India's Central Waterways, Irrigation, and Navigation Commission
constituted a committee to study the feasibility of such a project.
● Fifteen years later the government of India came out with a plan to construct a
series of dams over the Narmada river .Thus was started a multi crore project
that would generate a big revenue for the government.
● In 1978, the Indian government sought the World Bank's assistance to build a
complex of dams along the river as part of the Narmada Valley Development
Project.
4. ● The Narmada Project included the creation of thirty large dams, 135 medium
dams, and 3,000 small dams.
● The Indian government promised that the dams would help provide potable
water for almost forty million people, irrigation for over six million hectares of
land, and hydroelectric power for the entire region.
● The government also claimed that the dams were essential for India's economic
development was the assertion that these benefits, which would purportedly
accrue to millions of people living in the Narmada River valley
5.
6. Narmada Bachao Andolan
● Since the early 1980s, the Narmada Project has faced mounting opposition
from a variety of sources.
● Protest groups formed in all three affected states and included or were
supported by individuals facing displacement, students, social activists, Indian
environmental NGOs, international NGOs, and transnational networks.
● Groups in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra opposed the dams altogether. Two
such groups were the Narmada Ghati Navnirman Samiti in Madhya Pradesh
and the Narmada Ghat Dharangrastha Samiti in Maharashtra
7. ● These two groups subsequently merged to form the Narmada Bachao Andolan
in 1989, under the leadership of Medha Patkar
● While Medha Patkar established Narmada Bachao Andolan in 1989, the groups
joined this national coalition of environmental and human rights activists,
scientists, academics and project affected people with a non- violent approach.
● NBA originally employed "Gandhian methods' such as peaceful marches and
protests.
8.
9. Works of NBA
● The success of the NBA campaign resulted from its innovative strategies of
resistance that operated simultaneously at the grassroots, national, and
international level.
● NBA focused towards the stoppage of the Sardar Sarovar Dam, Medha Patkar
using the right to fasting, undertook a 22-day fast in June 1991 that almost
took her life.
● Medha Patkar and Baba Amte together let a series of protests, some of which
failed.
● In May 1990, a massive NBA five-daydharna (sit-in) at then-Prime Minister V.
P. Singh's residence in New Delhi forced the Prime Minister to agree to
"reconsider" the project.
10. Current Status of NBA
● In October 2000 the Supreme Court gave a judgment approving the
construction of the Sardar Sarovar Dam,
● The court decided that the height of the dam be raised to 90 m. This height is
much higher than the 88 m which anti-dam activists demanded, but it is
definitely lower than the proposed height of 130 m.
● After the Supreme Court judgment, the Gujarat Government has taken up the
construction of the dam.
● As the World Bank withdrew its financing in 1993 the project is now largely
finance by the state governments and market borrowings.
