The document discusses hegemony and counter-hegemony regarding use of waters from the Nile River. It outlines Egypt's historic claims to 55.5 billion cubic meters of water per year from the 1959 agreement and its extreme dependence on the Nile. Upstream countries like Sudan and Ethiopia have resisted Egyptian hegemony through various mechanisms, including pursuing their own development plans. The conclusion is that while there is some resistance from upstream countries, no full counter-hegemony has emerged yet and countries will continue pursuing national interests, with hegemony in the Nile Basin remaining connected to global and regional politics.

1. RESISTING HEGEMONY ON THE NILE III Workshop on Hydro-Hegemony 12-13 May 2007 Ana Elisa Cascão King’s College of London

2. ABSTRACT MODEL OF HEGEMONY AND COUNTER-HEGEMONY