The document discusses land acquisitions in the Nile Basin region by foreign investors from Gulf countries, India, China, the US, and EU, as well as national investors. These land deals involve long-term leases of large plots of agricultural land, often over 100,000 hectares, with cheap rental rates and access to water resources. Two major deals are highlighted involving Saudi and Indian companies in Ethiopia. There are concerns that these land acquisitions could impact the regional water security and balance of power between Nile Basin countries by changing water flow regimes and agricultural production upstream.