IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
1. The document discusses theories around computer-mediated communication (CMC) and how it compares to face-to-face communication. CMC has advantages like reducing status hierarchies but lacks nonverbal cues.
2. Media richness theory states that face-to-face is the "richest" medium due to simultaneous cues, while CMC is leaner. However, modern technologies can compensate for some limitations.
3. The document concludes that planners need a comprehensive understanding of human barriers to using CMC, as well as its advantages and limitations, to effectively use virtual tools for collaborative planning.
1) The document examines challenges of selecting and utilizing communications media for virtual teams. It reviews how virtual teams have evolved since the 1990s due to technology advances and globalization.
2) Virtual team leaders must rely on computer-mediated communication to manage teams lacking face-to-face contact. The technology used will likely change, requiring adaption.
3) The conclusion offers a process for selecting and managing communications media in virtual teams based on the review of virtual team history, uses, challenges, and factors like task complexity that influence media selection.
Stephen Waldron
Natasha Apau
Matthew Ellis
Adam Clarke
This is our group powerpoint presentation for Dr. Lori DeWitt's CMAT 101 class, during Summer Semester 1, 2010.
The document provides an introduction to a course on computer mediated communication (CMC). It discusses communication from an ecological perspective and how new communication technologies diffuse through societies. Theories of diffusion of innovation are also presented to explain how and why people adopt new technologies. Examples are given of the radio FM and iPod to demonstrate how factors like better technology, social acceptance, business models and legal frameworks influence a technology's adoption. The course schedule and evaluation methods are also outlined.
This document presents a Carneades-structured debate on communications technology in the workplace. It outlines two opposing perspectives - one arguing that communications technology is disruptive and counterproductive, and the other arguing it is manageable and efficient. Through refutations of each perspective's arguments, the debate concludes that the impact of communications technology depends on contextual organizational factors, and managers should thoroughly analyze these factors before investing. The goal of presenting opposing views and finding an agreeable solution was achieved.
Socially Aware Device To Device Communicationsijtsrd
This document discusses socially-aware device-to-device (D2D) communications. It begins with an introduction to D2D communications and its benefits. It then discusses how incorporating social awareness, by using social connection data between mobile users, can help improve D2D communication networks and tasks. The document reviews related work on socially-aware D2D communication approaches that use social relationships and trust between devices. It also proposes developing a D2D infrastructure sensor application to detect discoverable devices via Bluetooth and WiFi Direct, helping to assess how D2D can contribute to edge and fog computing environments.
A case study analysis on digital convergent design: Skynet Platformdi8it
This document presents the results of a case study analysis on the SkyNet digital convergent design platform. The study employed structured interviews to survey people's attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors regarding convergent services. Key findings include:
1) Participants were most likely to engage with interactive TV features directly related to enhancing TV content experience, such as getting additional information about shows.
2) Internet-based interactive services saw less usage, suggesting people view TV as primarily for passive viewing.
3) Exposure to interactive features through devices like Sky+ boxes increased likelihood of using interactivity.
4) Constraints like slow performance or disrupting the TV experience reduced openness to interactivity. Participants preferred features that
Compile version communication in consructionYap Xin
This document discusses communication in the construction industry. It begins by defining communication and its importance. It then discusses various parties involved in construction communication like architects, engineers, contractors, and more. It outlines several theories of communication like media richness theory and media naturalness theory. It also identifies four main types of communication used in construction: verbal, non-verbal, written, and audiovisual. Various methods of communication are also outlined, including formal meetings, informal meetings, telephone calls, and written reports. The document emphasizes the importance of effective communication for successful construction projects.
1. The document discusses theories around computer-mediated communication (CMC) and how it compares to face-to-face communication. CMC has advantages like reducing status hierarchies but lacks nonverbal cues.
2. Media richness theory states that face-to-face is the "richest" medium due to simultaneous cues, while CMC is leaner. However, modern technologies can compensate for some limitations.
3. The document concludes that planners need a comprehensive understanding of human barriers to using CMC, as well as its advantages and limitations, to effectively use virtual tools for collaborative planning.
1) The document examines challenges of selecting and utilizing communications media for virtual teams. It reviews how virtual teams have evolved since the 1990s due to technology advances and globalization.
2) Virtual team leaders must rely on computer-mediated communication to manage teams lacking face-to-face contact. The technology used will likely change, requiring adaption.
3) The conclusion offers a process for selecting and managing communications media in virtual teams based on the review of virtual team history, uses, challenges, and factors like task complexity that influence media selection.
Stephen Waldron
Natasha Apau
Matthew Ellis
Adam Clarke
This is our group powerpoint presentation for Dr. Lori DeWitt's CMAT 101 class, during Summer Semester 1, 2010.
The document provides an introduction to a course on computer mediated communication (CMC). It discusses communication from an ecological perspective and how new communication technologies diffuse through societies. Theories of diffusion of innovation are also presented to explain how and why people adopt new technologies. Examples are given of the radio FM and iPod to demonstrate how factors like better technology, social acceptance, business models and legal frameworks influence a technology's adoption. The course schedule and evaluation methods are also outlined.
This document presents a Carneades-structured debate on communications technology in the workplace. It outlines two opposing perspectives - one arguing that communications technology is disruptive and counterproductive, and the other arguing it is manageable and efficient. Through refutations of each perspective's arguments, the debate concludes that the impact of communications technology depends on contextual organizational factors, and managers should thoroughly analyze these factors before investing. The goal of presenting opposing views and finding an agreeable solution was achieved.
Socially Aware Device To Device Communicationsijtsrd
This document discusses socially-aware device-to-device (D2D) communications. It begins with an introduction to D2D communications and its benefits. It then discusses how incorporating social awareness, by using social connection data between mobile users, can help improve D2D communication networks and tasks. The document reviews related work on socially-aware D2D communication approaches that use social relationships and trust between devices. It also proposes developing a D2D infrastructure sensor application to detect discoverable devices via Bluetooth and WiFi Direct, helping to assess how D2D can contribute to edge and fog computing environments.
A case study analysis on digital convergent design: Skynet Platformdi8it
This document presents the results of a case study analysis on the SkyNet digital convergent design platform. The study employed structured interviews to survey people's attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors regarding convergent services. Key findings include:
1) Participants were most likely to engage with interactive TV features directly related to enhancing TV content experience, such as getting additional information about shows.
2) Internet-based interactive services saw less usage, suggesting people view TV as primarily for passive viewing.
3) Exposure to interactive features through devices like Sky+ boxes increased likelihood of using interactivity.
4) Constraints like slow performance or disrupting the TV experience reduced openness to interactivity. Participants preferred features that
Compile version communication in consructionYap Xin
This document discusses communication in the construction industry. It begins by defining communication and its importance. It then discusses various parties involved in construction communication like architects, engineers, contractors, and more. It outlines several theories of communication like media richness theory and media naturalness theory. It also identifies four main types of communication used in construction: verbal, non-verbal, written, and audiovisual. Various methods of communication are also outlined, including formal meetings, informal meetings, telephone calls, and written reports. The document emphasizes the importance of effective communication for successful construction projects.
This document describes a dynamic multimodal diagnostic interface that was developed as a Master's thesis project. The interface uses a web-based multimodal approach to conduct diagnostic interviews by dynamically generating pages in conjunction with a diagnostic dialog manager. The goal was to demonstrate how combining aspects of artificial intelligence with a multimodal interface could deliver a human proxy for conducting diagnostic interviews. The document outlines the background, problem, solution, development and implementation of the system, and discusses potential practical applications and future work.
The Use Of Communication Technology For Organizational CommunicationD.J.Mann
The document discusses communication in organizations and how it is fundamental to their success. It covers different types of communication networks like chain, wheel, star and all channel patterns that describe how information flows. It also addresses how technology aids organizational communication through email, video conferencing, and intranets. Interpersonal communication is highlighted as important for developing employees and establishing roles. The document concludes that there are many forms of organizational communication and it cannot exist without communication.
Does Distributed Development Affect Software Quality? An Empirical Case Study...Daniel Agaba
This document summarizes a study that examines the impact of distributed development on software quality using data from the development of Windows Vista. The study compares failures of components developed by distributed teams to those developed by collocated teams.
The study finds only a small difference in failures between distributed and collocated components, and the difference becomes negligible when controlling for team size. It also examines complexity and maintenance characteristics and finds little difference between distributed and collocated components. Further, the Windows Vista development process utilized practices that may mitigate challenges of distributed development.
There are several types of network topologies that describe the arrangement of nodes and links in a network. Physical and logical topologies may differ between networks. Organizational communication involves people working together to achieve goals using various communication technologies. Virtual teams allow organizations to hire the best employees regardless of location by communicating electronically, though members may never meet in person. Both virtual teams and real-time conferencing have benefits like increased productivity and flexibility but also downfalls such as lack of non-verbal cues and difficulties managing performance.
Exploiting incidental interactions between mobile devicesRaúl Kripalani
This document discusses three projects that exploit incidental interactions on mobile devices: 1) Amigo uses Bluetooth to construct a social network representation and associate contacts with calendar events. 2) Co-presence Communities extends Amigo by mining co-presence data to discover recurring group meetings. 3) BluScreen is a public display that uses co-presence data to provide feedback to an agent marketplace allocating presentation time slots.
This document discusses computer-mediated communication (CMC) and compares it to face-to-face communication. CMC is defined as communication that occurs between humans through computers. Some key differences between CMC and face-to-face communication are that CMC allows for anonymity, messages can reach unlimited receivers and be asynchronous, the channel is dependent on technology and can include text and emoticons, messages are written and permanent, deception is easier online, and technological skills are required in addition to communication skills.
The quality of high-end videoconferencing systems has improved significantly over the last few years
enabling a class of applications known as “telepresence” wherein the users engaged in a communication
session experience a feeling of mutual presence in a shared virtual space. Telepresence systems have
reached a maturity level that seriously challenges the old familiar truism that a face-to-face meeting is
always better than a technology-mediated alternative. To explore the state of the art in telepresence
technology and outline future opportunities, this paper proposes an optimality condition, expressed as a
“Turing Test,” whereby the subjective experience of using a telepresence system is compared to the
corresponding face-to-face situation. The requirements and challenges of designing a system passing such
a Turing Test for telepresence are analyzed with respect to the limits of human perception, and the
feasibility of achieving this goal with currently available or near future technology is discussed
This document discusses formal and informal communication networks. Formal networks follow rigid vertical authority chains, are task-focused, and structure most modern organizations. Informal networks are free-flowing, can skip levels, satisfy social needs, and are more trusted by employees. Both network types are important for groups to function, with informal networks existing alongside and within formal structures. Understanding different network types facilitates effective communication within organizations.
Business Communication: Business communication self learning materialBrenda Rachel Marie
The document outlines the basics of business communication including the significance of communication skills. It discusses the scope of communication, types of communication including verbal and non-verbal, and the communication process. The key points are:
1) Communication skills are essential for career progression in management.
2) Communication can involve transportation, messaging, or artistic expression but in business it refers to influencing others to achieve shared goals.
3) Communication is a two-way process that involves both sending and receiving messages to complete the communication cycle.
The document proposes creating an internal employee network at Starbucks to improve communication and lower costs. It discusses Starbucks' principles of diversity and customer service. Currently, communication is outdated and inefficient. The proposed network would incorporate systems theory and cultural approaches to create strong connections within the company. This would increase information flow, productivity, and loyalty while reducing communication expenses.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a machine learning approach for detecting phishing websites. It discusses using heuristic features from CANTINA to train machine learning models. A new domain top-page similarity feature is introduced to improve accuracy. Various modules are described, including site training, site capturing, a phishing dictionary, and image correlation to measure similarity. Experimental results show the approach achieves up to 92.5% f-measure and a 7.5% error rate for phishing detection.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document discusses the performance analysis and minimization of black hole attacks in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It begins with an introduction to MANETs and discusses how they are vulnerable to black hole attacks. The document then describes the AODV routing protocol and how black hole attacks exploit vulnerabilities in the route discovery process. Existing detection and prevention techniques are outlined. The document proposes modifying the AODV protocol to implement an intrusion detection system (IDSAODV) that can detect and discard fraudulent route replies from black hole nodes, improving packet delivery. Simulation scenarios of varying node counts with and without black holes are used to analyze black hole behavior and evaluate the effectiveness of the IDSAODV approach.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
The document proposes two new authentication schemes for PDAs that use session passwords. Session passwords are one-time passwords generated for each login. The first scheme generates passwords based on pairs of letters from a secret text password and their intersections on a grid. The second scheme has users rate colors during registration, and session passwords are generated by the intersections of those colors on a color grid and number grid displayed during login. Both schemes aim to be resistant to dictionary attacks, brute force attacks, and shoulder surfing by changing the grids each time. The techniques were proposed to provide authentication for PDAs but require further testing for usability and effectiveness.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document summarizes and compares four routing algorithms for mobile ad hoc networks: Disjoint Multipath Routing, Trust based Multipath Routing, Message Trust based Multipath Routing, and a new proposed algorithm called Friend Based Ad-hoc Routing. It describes the key mechanisms of each algorithm, including how they establish routes, incorporate trust levels, and handle packet routing. The proposed FACES algorithm aims to improve security and efficiency by using friend, unauthenticated, and question mark lists to identify trusted routes and avoid malicious nodes.
The document describes a genetic algorithm approach to optimizing the design of steel-concrete composite plane frames to minimize cost. The algorithm uses design variables like beam and column cross-sectional properties to represent potential solutions. It evaluates solutions based on structural analysis and design constraints like moments, shear, buckling and axial forces. The best solution from each generation is preserved to guide the evolution toward an optimal, cost-effective frame design. The approach is demonstrated on example frames.
This document describes a dynamic multimodal diagnostic interface that was developed as a Master's thesis project. The interface uses a web-based multimodal approach to conduct diagnostic interviews by dynamically generating pages in conjunction with a diagnostic dialog manager. The goal was to demonstrate how combining aspects of artificial intelligence with a multimodal interface could deliver a human proxy for conducting diagnostic interviews. The document outlines the background, problem, solution, development and implementation of the system, and discusses potential practical applications and future work.
The Use Of Communication Technology For Organizational CommunicationD.J.Mann
The document discusses communication in organizations and how it is fundamental to their success. It covers different types of communication networks like chain, wheel, star and all channel patterns that describe how information flows. It also addresses how technology aids organizational communication through email, video conferencing, and intranets. Interpersonal communication is highlighted as important for developing employees and establishing roles. The document concludes that there are many forms of organizational communication and it cannot exist without communication.
Does Distributed Development Affect Software Quality? An Empirical Case Study...Daniel Agaba
This document summarizes a study that examines the impact of distributed development on software quality using data from the development of Windows Vista. The study compares failures of components developed by distributed teams to those developed by collocated teams.
The study finds only a small difference in failures between distributed and collocated components, and the difference becomes negligible when controlling for team size. It also examines complexity and maintenance characteristics and finds little difference between distributed and collocated components. Further, the Windows Vista development process utilized practices that may mitigate challenges of distributed development.
There are several types of network topologies that describe the arrangement of nodes and links in a network. Physical and logical topologies may differ between networks. Organizational communication involves people working together to achieve goals using various communication technologies. Virtual teams allow organizations to hire the best employees regardless of location by communicating electronically, though members may never meet in person. Both virtual teams and real-time conferencing have benefits like increased productivity and flexibility but also downfalls such as lack of non-verbal cues and difficulties managing performance.
Exploiting incidental interactions between mobile devicesRaúl Kripalani
This document discusses three projects that exploit incidental interactions on mobile devices: 1) Amigo uses Bluetooth to construct a social network representation and associate contacts with calendar events. 2) Co-presence Communities extends Amigo by mining co-presence data to discover recurring group meetings. 3) BluScreen is a public display that uses co-presence data to provide feedback to an agent marketplace allocating presentation time slots.
This document discusses computer-mediated communication (CMC) and compares it to face-to-face communication. CMC is defined as communication that occurs between humans through computers. Some key differences between CMC and face-to-face communication are that CMC allows for anonymity, messages can reach unlimited receivers and be asynchronous, the channel is dependent on technology and can include text and emoticons, messages are written and permanent, deception is easier online, and technological skills are required in addition to communication skills.
The quality of high-end videoconferencing systems has improved significantly over the last few years
enabling a class of applications known as “telepresence” wherein the users engaged in a communication
session experience a feeling of mutual presence in a shared virtual space. Telepresence systems have
reached a maturity level that seriously challenges the old familiar truism that a face-to-face meeting is
always better than a technology-mediated alternative. To explore the state of the art in telepresence
technology and outline future opportunities, this paper proposes an optimality condition, expressed as a
“Turing Test,” whereby the subjective experience of using a telepresence system is compared to the
corresponding face-to-face situation. The requirements and challenges of designing a system passing such
a Turing Test for telepresence are analyzed with respect to the limits of human perception, and the
feasibility of achieving this goal with currently available or near future technology is discussed
This document discusses formal and informal communication networks. Formal networks follow rigid vertical authority chains, are task-focused, and structure most modern organizations. Informal networks are free-flowing, can skip levels, satisfy social needs, and are more trusted by employees. Both network types are important for groups to function, with informal networks existing alongside and within formal structures. Understanding different network types facilitates effective communication within organizations.
Business Communication: Business communication self learning materialBrenda Rachel Marie
The document outlines the basics of business communication including the significance of communication skills. It discusses the scope of communication, types of communication including verbal and non-verbal, and the communication process. The key points are:
1) Communication skills are essential for career progression in management.
2) Communication can involve transportation, messaging, or artistic expression but in business it refers to influencing others to achieve shared goals.
3) Communication is a two-way process that involves both sending and receiving messages to complete the communication cycle.
The document proposes creating an internal employee network at Starbucks to improve communication and lower costs. It discusses Starbucks' principles of diversity and customer service. Currently, communication is outdated and inefficient. The proposed network would incorporate systems theory and cultural approaches to create strong connections within the company. This would increase information flow, productivity, and loyalty while reducing communication expenses.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a machine learning approach for detecting phishing websites. It discusses using heuristic features from CANTINA to train machine learning models. A new domain top-page similarity feature is introduced to improve accuracy. Various modules are described, including site training, site capturing, a phishing dictionary, and image correlation to measure similarity. Experimental results show the approach achieves up to 92.5% f-measure and a 7.5% error rate for phishing detection.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document discusses the performance analysis and minimization of black hole attacks in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It begins with an introduction to MANETs and discusses how they are vulnerable to black hole attacks. The document then describes the AODV routing protocol and how black hole attacks exploit vulnerabilities in the route discovery process. Existing detection and prevention techniques are outlined. The document proposes modifying the AODV protocol to implement an intrusion detection system (IDSAODV) that can detect and discard fraudulent route replies from black hole nodes, improving packet delivery. Simulation scenarios of varying node counts with and without black holes are used to analyze black hole behavior and evaluate the effectiveness of the IDSAODV approach.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
The document proposes two new authentication schemes for PDAs that use session passwords. Session passwords are one-time passwords generated for each login. The first scheme generates passwords based on pairs of letters from a secret text password and their intersections on a grid. The second scheme has users rate colors during registration, and session passwords are generated by the intersections of those colors on a color grid and number grid displayed during login. Both schemes aim to be resistant to dictionary attacks, brute force attacks, and shoulder surfing by changing the grids each time. The techniques were proposed to provide authentication for PDAs but require further testing for usability and effectiveness.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document summarizes and compares four routing algorithms for mobile ad hoc networks: Disjoint Multipath Routing, Trust based Multipath Routing, Message Trust based Multipath Routing, and a new proposed algorithm called Friend Based Ad-hoc Routing. It describes the key mechanisms of each algorithm, including how they establish routes, incorporate trust levels, and handle packet routing. The proposed FACES algorithm aims to improve security and efficiency by using friend, unauthenticated, and question mark lists to identify trusted routes and avoid malicious nodes.
The document describes a genetic algorithm approach to optimizing the design of steel-concrete composite plane frames to minimize cost. The algorithm uses design variables like beam and column cross-sectional properties to represent potential solutions. It evaluates solutions based on structural analysis and design constraints like moments, shear, buckling and axial forces. The best solution from each generation is preserved to guide the evolution toward an optimal, cost-effective frame design. The approach is demonstrated on example frames.
This document discusses software security metrics and validating UML diagrams using metrics. It provides background on using metrics to measure quality attributes of object-oriented designs. Traditional code-level security metrics are insufficient and evaluating security at the design level is important. The paper proposes a system that applies design-level security metrics using genetic algorithms to generate secure design options from a UML diagram. It then implements code from the designs and applies the same metrics at the code level to validate that the code matches the intended secure design. This allows discovering and fixing security issues earlier in the development process.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a genetic algorithm to generate high-quality association rules for measuring data quality. The genetic algorithm evaluates rules based on four metrics: confidence, completeness, comprehensibility, and interestingness. It aims to discover high-level prediction rules that perform better than traditional greedy rule induction algorithms at handling attribute interactions. The genetic algorithm represents rules as chromosomes and uses the four metrics as an objective fitness function to evaluate the quality of each rule.
This document describes the design and development of a microcontroller-based system for measuring blood glucose levels. The system uses an amperometric method that relies on glucose oxidase enzymes and a mediator compound to transfer electrons from blood glucose to an electrode, generating an electrical signal. A PIC 18F4520 microcontroller processes, amplifies and converts the signal to a display on an LCD module. The system is intended to be low-cost, portable, and provide frequent blood glucose monitoring to help control diabetes and reduce complications. It works by measuring the current produced from the reaction of blood glucose with glucose oxidase and a mediator compound.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document presents a study on using color texture feature analysis to detect surface defects on pomegranates. The researchers developed a method involving cropping images of pomegranates, converting them to HSI color space, generating SGDM matrices to extract 18 texture features for each image, and using support vector machines (SVM) classification to identify the best features for detecting infections. The optimal features identified were cluster shade, product moment, and mean intensity, achieving classification accuracy of 99.88%, 99.88%, and 99.81% respectively.
The document discusses the characterization and numerical optimization of chromium-free nickel alloy filler materials for dissimilar welding between stainless steel SS304. Eight alloys with compositions ranging from 40-43.5% Ni, 4-20% Mo, 0-16% Co, 10% Cu, 22-25% Fe, 0.5% Al, 1% Ti, and 0.001% C were analyzed. JMatPro software was used to simulate phases present at different temperatures. Welding simulations using ANSYS evaluated residual stresses in the welds. The alloy with 43.499% Ni, 0.5% Al, 14% Co, 6% Mo, 10% Cu, 23% Fe, 2% Mn, 1
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
The document provides instructions for creating directories and files on a computer using command prompt commands. It describes how to:
1. Open the command prompt, navigate to the desired drive, and use the "md" command to create a new directory with a specified name.
2. Change to the new directory with "cd", then use "copy con" to create a new text file and enter text before saving with Ctrl-Z.
3. View directory details and contents with the "dir" command. It also provides commands for copying files between directories, renaming files, and removing directories.
The document summarizes the synthesis, characterization, and AC conductivity of nickel-doped magnesium ferrite. Key findings include:
1) Magnesium nickel ferrites were synthesized via a sol gel technique and sintered at 1473 K. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of a nickel oxide phase along with the ferrite phase, indicating an almost stoichiometric (Mg,Ni)-ferrite phase was obtained.
2) Scanning electron microscopy images showed the (MgNi) ferrite had a regular, granular structure with well-connected grains and an average grain size of 0.7 micrometers.
3) The AC conductivity of the magnesium nickel ferrite increased with increasing frequency
The social and cultural transformation and even social interaction that has been influenced by computer and internet is evident in the recent decade. The role played by the new media has increased and is always on the rise, transforming every single life that it touches effecting the individual, but sometimes it has positive and negative effects.
Computer Mediated Communication can simply be put as a transaction between two or more network computer like chartroom, emails, SNS (Social Networking Sites), text messages etc. This growing topic has been talked and argued by theorists and scholars Joseph Walther, Ramirez and Zhang, Denis McQuail, etc., and has been debated and many other scholars continue to debate and argue on CMC, its scope and reach on vast field in New Media. The following summary throws light on CMC
This document discusses the progress of virtual teams in Albania. It provides context on virtual teams and how they differ from traditional teams in their reliance on technology for communication across distances. The document then examines the use of virtual teams in Albania, noting the growing infrastructure and technology usage that enables virtual collaboration. It highlights some virtual team examples in Albanian government and academic projects.
This document discusses computer-mediated communication (CMC). It defines CMC as any human communication that occurs through two or more electronic devices. The introduction provides background on CMC and notes that research focuses on the social effects of different communication technologies, including internet-based social networking. The body of the document further explains CMC and its uses in education. It identifies synchronous and asynchronous modes of CMC and lists several merits of CMC in education, such as allowing communication regardless of time and place, ensuring messages reach many people, and facilitating the archiving of information. The conclusion restates that CMC involves people interacting with each other via computers through the internet or networks.
This document summarizes research on managing communication within virtual intercultural teams. It discusses challenges that can arise when communicating across cultures and using technology on virtual teams. Best practices are identified based on interviews with executives and feedback from graduate business students who worked on intercultural team projects. These include using technology effectively while also establishing rapport through initial face-to-face meetings, developing intercultural sensitivity and trust among team members, recognizing the value of diversity, and communicating with patience, respect and strong listening skills. The document provides strategies for virtual team communication and overcoming barriers related to language, culture and technology.
This document summarizes research on managing communication within virtual intercultural teams. It discusses challenges that can arise when communicating across cultures and using technology on virtual teams. Best practices are identified based on interviews with executives and feedback from graduate business students who worked on intercultural team projects. These strategies include using technology effectively while also establishing rapport through initial face-to-face meetings, developing intercultural sensitivity, building trust among team members, recognizing cultural differences, and employing patience and respect when communicating across cultures. The document provides examples of how these strategies can help overcome obstacles to effective virtual intercultural team communication.
Communications needs of global and virtual project teamsSomashekar S.M
This document discusses the communication needs of global and virtual project teams. It notes that as organizations operate more globally and virtually, project teams are increasingly dispersed across locations and organizations. Effective communication is critical for virtual and global teams to operate successfully. The document examines some of the unique communication challenges of these teams, such as cultural and location differences, and recommends methods like clarifying roles and responsibilities in a project charter. It also explores different communication technologies that can help support virtual collaboration.
This document proposes a 3D virtual world called the 3DBlogosphere to enhance company-wide communication at Siemens AG. The 3DBlogosphere maps the company's existing internal blog platform into a 3D virtual space to allow for both asynchronous and synchronous collaboration. Blogs and their content are represented as buildings in the virtual world. Users can interact using avatars or browse the blogs through a 2D interface with awareness of other users' activities. The goal is to strengthen network connectivity across the large, distributed company through embodied interactions and a shared virtual space representing topics of interest.
COMMUNICATION, COLLABORATION, AND TEAMWORK ARE INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT FOR THE...Hirak Kocharee
Communication, collaboration, and teamwork are critical factors for the successful completion of information systems projects. Communication ensures the right information is exchanged between project stakeholders in a timely manner. Collaboration involves sharing expertise and working towards common goals, while minimizing risks. Teamwork refers to groups of people with diverse skills working together towards a shared objective. When communication, collaboration and teamwork are implemented effectively, projects are more likely to be completed within budget and schedule, and deliver high quality results.
ELS 337 Computer Mediated Communication CMT lecture.pptxCynthiaTagud1
This document discusses computer-mediated communication (CMC), which is defined as any communication between individuals that is mediated by computers through the internet or network connections. The document outlines different types of CMC including asynchronous communication like email and discussion boards, as well as synchronous communication like chat and instant messaging. It also discusses criteria for selecting synchronous vs. asynchronous CMC and potential uses of CMC like conferencing, information repositories, and computer-assisted instruction. Online discussions are presented as a key application of CMC that can promote active student learning when facilitated properly.
This document discusses the importance of computers in human life and management until 2020. It covers several topics related to human-computer interaction (HCI) including the goals of HCI research, the relationship between humans and computers, differences between the human brain and computers, resources used for interaction, and interface analysis and specification. The key goals of HCI research are to create computer interfaces that are more usable and understandable in order to maximize effectiveness and efficiency. Understanding how humans use technology and creating tools to enable building appropriate interfaces are important to achieving this goal.
Computer-mediated communication (CMC) refers to human communication via computers and includes many different forms of synchronous, asynchronous or real-time interaction that humans have with each other using computers as tools to exchange text, images, audio and video.
My direct a middleware for p2 p mobile social networksIJCNCJournal
In recent years, middleware for mobile social netwo
rk has attracted the attention of academia, causing
the
design and development of various approaches by res
earchers. This type of middleware facilitates and
makes more efficient the development process of mob
ile social networking applications. Furthermore,
middleware solutions also abstract the communicatio
n process with other applications, allowing the
acquisition, persistence and reuse of social contex
t information and location of users, besides provid
ing
API so that developers can access this information
quickly and build new social applications. With a v
iew
to supporting this new trend of research, this pape
r presents a middleware for mobile social networkin
g
called My-Direct which makes use of Wi-Fi Direct te
chnology together with the Bluetooth, aiming to
provide flexible communication between the nodes of
the mobile social network. Along with My-Direct al
so
was created a mechanism for user privacy based on i
nformation available on his mobile device.
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Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Hy2514281431
1. Srikar Madhira, Sairam Vakkalanka / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.1428-1431
Can Computer Mediated communication be effective in globally
distributed projects
Srikar Madhira*, Sairam Vakkalanka**
*(School of Computing, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Karlskrona, Sweden-37179)
** (School of Computing, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Karlskrona, Sweden-37179)
ABSTRACT
In distributed projects, proper say two, depending upon the size or the nature of the
communication and co ordination between teams allocated project [9]. So, in simple words, virtual
always plays a major role in the success of a teams is a group of members present at different
project. In this global setting, teams can interact locations, who try to communicate with each other
with each other, either by FTF (Face to Face) and try to work on a project. Virtual teams are also
interaction or CMC (Computer Mediated known as Distributed teams or geographically
Communication). This paper focuses on the dispersed teams [9]. Refer figure1 for team
process of computer-mediated communication structures and communication paradigms which
discussing its pros and cons. exits in that particular type of team.
Keywords - FTF (Face to Face), CMC
(Computer Mediated Communication), virtual
teams, global software engineering, distributed
projects.
I. INTRODUCTION
In the recent years, global projects have
become a day to day term in the software industry.
Due to the latest technological updates,
globalization is easily achieved and implemented.
Conventional teams are replaced by the virtual
teams, which allow the organization to process more
number of dynamic projects simultaneously [7].
This results in the application of more number of
human resources into the projects. As the Figure1. Team structure and communication
organizations perform this kind of task distribution paradigms
operations globally, virtual teams need to interact
with each other using different communication Communication between the virtual teams
techniques [3]. As these teams can be diversified, in is essential for the success of a project. The basic
terms of location, there is a problem that FTF motives like co-ordination and trust can only be
communication is not possible. This calls in for an achieved if there is a proper communication
alternative means of communication. In the present happening between the teams. Failure in achieving
modern era, internet is a widely used tool for so would result in loss of trust among the teams,
communication and hence, CMC is used as a tool reduction of co-ordination, and ultimately would
for communication across virtual teams. We first try result in the failure of the project. Since there is
to define and look at the concept of virtual teams, geographical disparity between the teams, it is not
the need for effective communication between the possible to have a face to face interaction between
teams, and then we try to focus on the CMC and its the teams. This calls in the need for CMC among the
effectiveness. teams. The concept of CMC is discussed in the next
section.
II. VIRTUAL TEAMS
The concept of virtual teams is defined as III. COMPUTER MEDIATED
follows. Virtual teams refer to the capability of COMMUNICATION
employees at different locations developing a “The communication that occurs through
project, to communicate with each other and share computer-mediated technologies (i.e., Email,
their work [1]. These teams may be very short in Audio/Video Conference etc.) is called Computer
duration, from hours, to very long say weeks, Mediated Communication (CMC) [9]. In other
months and years [9]. The teams may also be very words, CMC can also be defined as a system which
large in numbers more than hundred to very small,
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2. Srikar Madhira, Sairam Vakkalanka / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.1428-1431
is used to intensify the capability of the employees IV. CMC EFFECTIVENESS
to communicate effectively through internet [11]. In Now a days, the trend of global projects
general words, CMC refers to the mode of and co-located projects are practiced instead of
communication that is possible through internet. traditional projects and teams. This is mainly due to
There are some common traits for CMC. They are the benefits that could be achieved through
globalization [5]. So, for achieving the requisites
1) “Distant less: Since the infrastructures of communication, co-ordination and control, and to
internet were constructed all around world, minimize the effects of geographical distance, we
theoretically every person could use internet to use the CMC for effective communication. CMC is
communicate with others regardless of where he is.” the only solution for effective communication across
[10] different locations. The different forms of CMC are
E-mail, E-chat and text-messaging, video and audio
2) “Transparency: Internet is an open platform for conferences etc. CMC is divided into synchronous
everybody, and the message on internet was coded communication and asynchronous communication
in standardized forms such as text, graphics and where text messaging is an example for
animations. So basically every person has the ability asynchronous and E-mail is an example for
to receive all messages from internet, unless the synchronous communication [9].
message was ciphered.” [10]
Factors Which Influence CMC:
3) “Non-synchronization: Traditional media have Now, we come to the section where we
the trait of synchronization, which means the discuss about the effectiveness of the Computer-
message would be lost when the media content was mediated communication. Since the teams are
expired. The message on TV or broadcasting could distributed globally across different locations, trust
just be kept for a few seconds, and even newspaper and cohesion are the important aspects for the
could survive a few days. But CMC is different, the effective development of a global project. Without
message on internet could be stored and retrieved these aspects, the teams cannot function properly.
multiple times, and be saved for years. This trait When we consider the individual aspects, we can
makes users easy to get message regardless of the assess the effectiveness of CMC.
time and space limits.” [10]
TRUST
4) “Interactivity: Most traditional medias lack of Trust relates to the relation between human
feedback, the one-way communication style let just and human [6]. So in this regard, Face to Face
a few people could fully utilize the communication interaction is more effective than CMC in building
media. But CMC has a much more abundant trust. “Social presence theory states that CMC lacks
feedback ways, like email, forum, bulletin board the ability to share socio-emotional information and
system, and blog. These feedback mechanisms let cues needed to develop trust, warmth and other
everybody has same opportunity to use internet.” interpersonal affections, which individuals use to
[10] build trust” [2]. But since we mentioned that Face to
Face communication increases the costs and reduces
In the present context, Computer Mediated time wastage, and also, with the help of tools like
Communication is the only way through which video and audio conferencing, we can also enable a
globally distributed teams, located at different virtual face to face environment between the teams.
geographical areas can communicate with each Hence, CMC is effective in building trust.
other. Generally, we can also consider FTF
communication. But since, it is not the case of COHESION
traditional teams and virtual teams are spatially Cohesiveness is also a quality which is
separated in terms of distance, FTF meetings are not important in global projects. Interaction between the
advisable as they result in waste of time and also teams is highly essential for the effective cohesion
increase the cost. For example, if a global project is between the teams. Without proper and direct
carried out at the sites Sweden and India, if at all a communication, the teams tend to lose the cohesion
problem should arise at the Sweden site, the and co-ordination factor. CMC enables the teams to
personal from India cannot always travel to Sweden. collaborate and communicate with each other.
This results in some time wastage and also the travel Instant messaging and also, offline messaging tools
costs account to increase in expenditure. Instead of are present in CMC which help the teams to have a
that, the Indian personal can communicate with the continuous track of the work done by other teams. A
Swedish personal via CMC, which not only saves research works on this topic also describes that
time, but also can reduce the costs considerably. cohesiveness is achieved at the highest priority
CMC can be used to overcome the time and distance between the employees communicating through
differences [4]. The effectiveness of a CMC is video-conference [9][12].
discussed in the next section.
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Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.1428-1431
TASK COMMITMENT communication are motivated enough to cope up
Apart from these factors, there are with the task.
components like task commitment which are also
increased and are at their highest when the VI. CONCLUSION
communication is done through video-conferencing Globally distributed projects have become
which is a part of CMC [9]. CMC also increases the a trend in the modern day world. Since all the
effective outcomes of virtual teams by enabling organizations strive to internationalize their
teams to collaborate in order to resolve defects [8]. company and to globalize their product, it is a pre-
Since, the basic factors of software development on requisite for them to allocate globally distributed
global projects like trust, cohesion and task projects. We have presented a discussion on one of
commitment are realized in CMC, we can assume the widely chosen communication paradigms,
that it is effective. But this can only be possible if Computer mediated communication (CMC)
the team is cohesive. Without the cohesion factor, reporting a complete analysis with advantages and
there cannot be any advantage in the teams shortcomings of its usage in the global scenario.
communicating with each other. So CMC will be
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