Definition of journal club, History, Benefits, Types of journal Club, Impact of journal club, Guidelines and Example

1. INTRODUCTION TO
JOURNAL CLUB

2. CONTENT
• Definition
• History
• Benefits
• Different types of scientific writing
• Types of Journal Club
• Impact of Journal Club
• Guidelines
• Example
• Summary
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3. INTRODUCTION
• Medical literature is continually expanding
• Concepts, ideas and beliefs are going rapid transformation
• Imperative on the part of academicians, practitioners,
students and researchers to keep up with the vast amount of
information available
• Provides a forum to remain current with the literature and
also offers an opportunity to learn methods of critically
evaluating journal articles
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Sadeghi A, Biglari M, Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Soltani A. Medical Journal Club as a New Method of Education: Modifications for Improvement. Archives of
Iranian medicine. 2016 Aug 1;19(8):556.

4. “A group of individuals who meet regularly to critically
discuss applicability of current articles found in
medical/dental journal”
 Intended for specialist
 Written by academicians
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WHAT IS JOURNAL CLUB??
Sadeghi A, Biglari M, Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Soltani A. Medical Journal Club as a New Method of Education: Modifications for Improvement. Archives of
Iranian medicine. 2016 Aug 1;19(8):556.

5. HISTORY
1st mentioned in London between(1835-1854): memoirs of Sir
James Paget describing the situation in St Bartholomew’s
Hospital as:
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“ Some of the pupils, making themselves into a sort of
club, had a small room over the baker’s shop near the
Hospital gate where we could sit and read the journals,
and where some, in the evening played cards.”
Sadeghi A, Biglari M, Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Soltani A. Medical Journal Club as a New Method of Education: Modifications for Improvement. Archives of
Iranian medicine. 2016 Aug 1;19(8):556.

6.  Keep updated
 Promoting evidence based practice
 Informing guidelines development
 Understand patho-biology
 Learn clinical features and cause
 Need of health care
Why do we need to read journals?
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 Presentation skills
 Updated information
 Scope for research
Sadeghi A, Biglari M, Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Soltani A. Medical Journal Club as a New Method of Education: Modifications for Improvement. Archives of
Iranian medicine. 2016 Aug 1;19(8):556.

7. Different types of scientific
writing
 Original article
 Case report
 Review
 Editorial
 Letters to editor
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Esisi M. Journal clubs. BMJ. 2007 Oct 13;335(7623):s138-9.

8. TYPES OF JOURNAL CLUB
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Traditional journal club Problem and evidence based
journal club
- Randomly selecting articles
May not be relevant to current
clinical practice
- To check for validity and
applicability
- Identification of current clinical
problem
- Searching of literature to find
relevant articles
- Critical evaluation of selected
articles
- Presentation and discussion of
the findings

9.  Aimed at updating knowledge related to field of interest
 Aimed at updating clinical practice
 Aimed at teaching and learning critical appraisal techniques with
evidence based medicine and dentistry
 Problem based: centered on a problem
 Alternative: Video, book, story telling
 Innovative: Relating the learning task to immediate work
experience
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TYPES
Esisi M. Journal clubs. BMJ. 2007 Oct 13;335(7623):s138-9.

10.  Improves reading habits by enabling critical thinking.
 Expands body of knowledge within a person.
 Facilitates acquisition of new skill.
 Induces scientific temperament by promoting questioning attitude.
 Improves knowledge of clinical epidemiology and biostatistics.
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IMPACT OF JOURNAL CLUB
Esisi M. Journal clubs. BMJ. 2007 Oct 13;335(7623):s138-9.

11. • Articles: Selected by director, proposed by students
• Preparation-Paper: handed out to participant to read in advance
• Presentation: Chalk &Talk, Powerpoint,Confidently present the content,
evaluate report with his/her opinion & defend with proper reasoning
 Introduction
 Short Review
 Brief outline of experimental design
 Result
 Conclusion: Clinical validity
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GUIDELINES

12. 12
Author and
Place of Work
Title
Should include
Introduction
Materials &
methods
Results
Discussion
What
questions to
ask?
Esisi M. Journal clubs. BMJ. 2007 Oct 13;335(7623):s138-9.

13. EXAMPLE
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14. Evaluation of Related Factors in the Failure of
Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Cross-sectional
Study
Keziban Olcay, Hanife Ataoglu,SemaBelli
January 2018, Journal of Endodontics
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15.  AIM: To investigate the reasons for the failure of endodontically
treated teeth and whether there were associations between these
reasons and the personal characteristics of the patients (i.e., age,
gender, level of education and smoking status), tooth locations, and
post-type endodontic permanent coronal restorations
 IMPORTANCE: Nonsurgical root canal treatment often fails when
adequate standards are not achieved.
- Also few ‘‘well-treated’’ cases also end up in failure.
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What question is asked in the study and why does
is matter

16.  Research focused not only on extraction but also included most of the
reasons for the failure of endodontically treated teeth within a larger
sample size(n=1000)
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How does this study advance beyond previous research and clinical
practice on this topic
How strong is the study design for answering the question?
 Qualitative study
 Study design: 17-month period (January 2011–May 2012).
After the clinical and radiographic examinations done by two
endodontists to evaluate endodontically failed teeth.

17. • How participants were selected?
Endodontically treated tooth failure was defined on the basis of the
following situations: clinical problems such as percussion, palpation,
swelling, fistula, fracture, marginal leakage, and loss of coronal
restoration and/or radiographic problems such as an unhealed
periapical lesion (after 4 years), insufficient obturation, and
perforation/stripping.
• How the data was collected?
By 2 well trained endodontist
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To what degree can the finding be accounted for by the following?

18. • How the findings were analysed and interpreted?
• What are the main study findings?
– Most common cause: Restorative and Endodontic reason(45%)
– Final decision after failure:non-surgical retreatment(66%)
– Most commonly affected age group: 31-45 years
– No effect of gender and education on failure
– Most commonly affected tooth: mandibular 1st molar
– Most common failure was seen in those teeth that were 2 mm
shorter than the radiographic apex.
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19. • How might this study will change your practice? Policy? Education?
Research/Relevance to your practice.
Reasons: vertical root fracture, prosthetic reasons, periodontal
reasons, endodontic failure, non-restorable caries, nonrestorable
cusp/tooth fracture, perforation/stripping)
• What researchable topics remain? Limitations
Age group: Most patient 35-40(cannot be generalised)
Time duration after endodontic treatment
Treatment done: endodontist or general practitioner
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20. • THANK YOU
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