This document discusses holographic data storage technology (HDST). It provides a brief history of data storage medias, describes how holograms work, and explains the recording and reading processes in HDST. Key advantages of HDST include significantly higher storage density compared to optical discs, high durability, and fast read/write speeds of 1 Gbps. Challenges include the complexity of aligning system components and the need for high-quality recording materials. Potential applications include exascale computing and data mining.

1. HOLOGRAPHIC DATA STORAGE Technology (HDST)
SANJAY KUMAR DHRITLAHARE (15EC65R15)
Branch - VIPES – 2015, M.Tech. 1st Year
Department Of Electronics and Electrical Communication
Engineering
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2. CONTENTS
History of Data Storage
Medias
Hologram and Holographic
Memory
Holographic Data Storage
Need and Reason for
Technology
Types of Holography
Working : Recording, Reading
Process and Instruments
HVDs
Advantages and Features
Comparison with other data
storage medias
Some Interesting facts about
HDST
Limitations and Challenges
Applications
References
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3. History of Data Storage Medias
Magnetic Storage Media
1. Magnetic Tape
2. Floppy Disc
3. Hard Drives
Optical Storage Media
1. Compact Disc
2. DVD
3. HD-DVD/Blu-Ray
4. Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD)
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4. Hologram
What is Hologram ?
 A three-dimensional image
formed by the interference
of light beams from a laser or
other coherent light source.
 The image changes with
respect to the position and
orientation of the viewing
system.
 Divisibility property.
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5. Holographic Memory5
Holographic memory is a memory that can store
information in form of holographic image.
It is a technique that can store information at high
density inside crystals or photopolymers.
Like other optical storage media, holographic
media is Read Only type as well as Rewritable
type.

6. 6

7. Holographic Data Storage
 The Revolutionary data storage technology.
 The Holography technique was invented in 1948 by the
Hungarian Dennis Gabor.
 It uses 3D images (holograms) rather than bits to store data.
 This is a Volumetric approach.
 It involves using the entire layers of media for storage, not just
a few layers like we currently use today.
 The process is accomplished by using two laser beams,
instead of one, to write data to the disk.
 Uses a combination of Lasers & Optical materials to achieve
this.
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8. NEED OF HDST
 “For Internet applications alone, industry estimates
are that storage needs are doubling every 100
days” -Nelson Diaz, Lucent Technologies
 So to minimize the no of storage media with
increase in storage capacity.
 To bet Speed retrieval, transfer and search of data.
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9. HOLOGRAPHY TECHNIQUES9

10. RECORDING PROCESS
 Encoding of information into binary-data then
converting it to binary page.
 Binary page is converted into light and dark squares
which are then electronically sent to a spatial light
modulator (SLM).
 Then the blue-argon laser is focused. A beam splitter
splits it into two beams a reference beam and a
signal beam or data beam.
 The signal beam passes through a SLM where digital
information, organized in a page like format of ones
and zeroes, is modulated onto the signal beam as a
two dimensional pattern of brightness and darkness.
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11. RECORDING PROCESS (cont..)
 Pixels of the SLM, filter (block or allow) the light thus
encoding the data into the laser beam.
 When the two beams meet, the interference pattern is
created.
 This pattern stores the data that is carried by the signal
beam on to the surface of the holographic material as a
hologram.
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12. RECORDING PROCESS (cont..)12

13. READING PROCESS
In order to retrieve the data, reference beam is
shined into the crystal at exactly the same
recording angle.
Diffracts the laser beam according to the
interference pattern stored to allow the recreation
of the original page that was stored.
This reconstructed page is then projected onto the
charge-coupled device (CCD) camera.
And finally information is retrieved.
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14. READING PROCESS (cont..)14

15. HOLOGRAPHIC RECORDER & READER15
 It can record a HVD of
capacity 300GB.
 It costs US $18000.
 A single HVD of 300GB costs
US $180.
 Provides a transfer rate of
20 MB/s in read write mode.
Coming Tapestry speed
rising to 80MBps/800GB with
the 800r, and 120MBps/1.6TB
with the 1600r.
Tapestry300r desiged by InPhase
Tschnologies

16. HOLOGRAPHIC VERSATILE DISC (HVD)
 These discs have the capacity to hold
up to 3.9 TB of information.
 200 DVD’s can fit on one 1TB HVD with
a future capacity of 6 TB.
 The HVD also has a transfer rate of
1 Gb/s.
 HVD stores data beneath the surface,
in the volume of the recording
medium.
More data will be stored.
High data access speed.
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17. HVD STRUCTURE17
THICKNESSOFHVD(1.2mm)
Data Beam Reference Beam

18. ADVANTAGES OF HDST
It allows 1 Giga bits of data to be written or read in a single
flash of light through SLM unlike other techniques which use
1bit/s.
Storage density: HVD - 390 bit/sq. micron DVD – 5 bit/sq.
micron
Resistance to damage - If some parts of the medium are
damaged, all information can still be obtained from other
parts.
High durability of 30 to 50 years without any data loss.
Technology has no Limit and has very high security.
Its capacity is to 3.9TB. Can be up to 6TB in future.
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19. TECHNOLOGY COMPARISON19
Data are recorded on to the
surface as bit by bit
in CD/DVD System
1 Bit Data
Surface
Recording
Layer
Substrate
Page Data
About 60000 bits
Volumetric
Recording
Layer
Page data are recorded into the
volumetric recording layer
in Holographic recording
~1μm
200-300 µm
Conventional Optical Disc Holographic Versatile Disc

20. COMPARISON WITH OTHER OPTICAL DSTs20
Blu-ray HD-DVD HVD
Initial cost for
recordable
disc
Approx.
$18
Approx. $10 Approx. $180
Initial cost for
recorder/play
er
Approx.
$2,000
Approx. $2,000 Approx. $18,000
Initial storage
capacity
54 GB 30 GB 300 GB to 3.9 TB
Read/write
speed
36.5 Mbps 36.5 Mbps 1 Gbps
Life Time 5-10 years 5-10 years 30-50 years
CD-R
700 MB
DVD-R
4.7- 8.5 GB
Blu-Ray
25-50 GB
HVD
1-4 TB

21. SOME INTERESTING FACTS
 It has been estimated that all the
books in the U.S. Library of Congress,
could be stored on six (6) HVD's.
 The pictures of every landmass on
Earth (Google Earth for example) can
be stored on two (2) HVD's.
 With MPEG4 ASP encoding, a HVD
can hold between 4,600 to 11,900
hours of video, which is enough for
non-stop playing for more tha a year.
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U.S. Library of Congress

22. LIMITATIONS AND CHALLENGES
 If too many pages are stored in one
crystal/photopolymer, the strength of each hologram
gets diminished.
 Aligning all of the HVD components which are very
costly, in a low-cost system.
 It is very difficult to arrange properly all of those
components like CCD camera , SLM arrays and beam
steering devices.
 Needs good recordings sensitive material to allow high
data transfer rate.
 As now not compatible with CD/DVD’s.
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23. FUTURE APPLICATIONS23
PetaFLOP Computing (1015 FLOPS)
(FLoating-point Operations Per Second)
Data Mining
Future Computing System
INVOLVED COMPANIES
InPhase Technologies
Lucent Technologies

24. REFERENCES
[1] Benjamin Alfonsi, “Holographic Storage Ready for Market," IEEE Distributed
Systems Online, vol. 6, no. 10,2005.
[2] Lambertus Hesselink, Sergei S. Orlov, and Matthew C. Bashaw, “Holographic
Data Storage Systems”, Proceedings Of The IEEE, vol. 92, no. 8, August 2004.
[3] Demetri Psaltis, California Institute of Technology, Geoffrey W. Burr IBM
Almaden Research Center, “Holographic Data Storage”, 1998 IEEE.
[4] Aware Sachin B., Choudhary Anup S., Nannaware Madhuri M., Manjare
Ganesh B. “Three Dimensional Data Storage”, International Journal of Scientific
& Engineering Research, Vol. 3, Issue 12, December-2012.
[5] InPhase Technologies, Longmont, Colorado, http://www.inphase-
technologies.com/
[6] Wikipedia web site, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holo graphic_data_storage
[7] Youtube video on Holographic data storage,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-NllWcgrFg
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