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Holographic data storage
- 2. The first papers on holographic storage were published in 1963 Holographic storage is using the entire medium instead of a few layers. use 2 laser beams instead of one with one carrying the data and the other being a reference beam.
- 4. 1. The object is converted into binary code of 1’s and 0’s like we use today. 2. Next, the 1’s and 0’s are converted into a matrix of light and dark squares.
- 5. 3. Those light and dark squares are then electronically sent to a spatial light modulator (SLM). 4. The laser beam then shines through the spatial light modulator (SLM). 5. Pixels of the spatial light modulator filter (block or allow) the light thus encoding the data into the laser beam.
- 6. SLM Objective Lens Cover Layer Recording Layer Reflective Layer Inner: Information Outer: Reference Diffracted information beam (page data) Diffracted reference beam (modulated) Recorded Hologram
- 7. Page data stored in an HVD
- 9. Many disk prototypes have been looked at over the years, however, the industry standard has now accepted having the HVD disk include a reflective layer in order to be backward compatible and to assist with tracking of the write beam.
- 10. Data Data Pages SLM Leaser Recording Medium Reference Beam Signal Beam Relay Optics Recording Data
- 11. Recover Data Data Pages Leaser Recording Medium Reference Beam Relay Optics Reading Data Image Optics Detector
- 13. Increased storage capacity Increased read/write speed Longer storage life Security
- 14. In today’s world, digital media is becoming more and more common and is requiring more storage to meet the new demands. More industries are now using digital storage than ever before. 200 DVD’s can fit on one 1 TB holographic disk with a future capacity of 6 terabytes.
- 15. IBM's test platforms can store up to 390 bits per square micron (a micron is a millionth of a metre). DVDs, by contrast, have a storage density of about five bits per square micron. DVD DVD Blu-Ray Blu-Ray HVD Number of Layers Single Dual Single Dual 200+/- Recording Capacity 4.7GB 9.4GB 25GB 50GB 3.9TB Data Transfer Rate 11.08Mb/s 11.08Mb/s 36Mb/s 36Mb/s 1GB/s
- 16. It has been estimated that all the books in the U.S. Library of Congress, could be stored on six (6) HVD's. The pictures of every landmass on Earth (Google Earth for example) can be stored on two (2) HVD's. With MPEG4 ASP encoding, a HVD can hold between 4,600 to 11,900 hours of video, which is enough for non-stop playing for a year.
- 17. Holography allows a million bits of data to be written and read out in single flashes of light, enabling data transfer rates as high as a billion bits per second (fast enough to transfer a DVD movie in about 30 seconds).
- 18. HVD’s have an estimated archival life expectancy of at least 50 years or more compared to CD/DVD archival life of 2 to 5 years (even though published life expectancies are often cited as 10 to 25 years or longer for optical media, it depends on the storage conditions and quality of the disks).
- 20. Low cost materials needed to come available which are just now happening due to other industries utilizing new technology. Development of needed components, in fields outside the storage industry, have brought the cost down making it financially viable to proceed.
- 22. THANK YOU
Editor's Notes
- Music plays to get attention of audience.
- The first papers on holographic storage were published in 1963 Holographic storage is using the entire medium instead of a few layers. You use 2 laser beams instead of one with one carrying the data and the other being a reference beam.
- The Two-Axis method was studied for many years with little success. The biggest problem was finding an adequate recording medium that offered precise recording. Then Optware Corporation, based in Yokohama, Japan, invented the Collinear Holography method which puts all the lasers and optics on one side of the disk. This made it backward compatible with CD’s and DVD’s plus it included a reflective layer with an encryption process called Servo.
- So how do they actually get data onto a holographic disk. Data is converted into binary code just like we do today. Computer binary code is converted into optical patterns of dark and light pixels to represent the 1’s and 0’s.
- Spatial light modulators (SLM) are pixelated input devices (liquid crystal panels), used to imprint the data to be stored on the object beam. Large Spatial Light Modulator’s (SLMs) are placed on overhead projectors to project computer monitor contents to the screen like what is being used today to convey this presentation onto the wall.
- Animation showing the information beam and the data beam of the Holographic laser. Where the two beams intersect is where the data is written. By adjusting the reference beam angle, wavelength (color), or media position, a multitude of holograms (theoretically, several thousand) can be stored on a single volume.
- Illustration of what the holographic image looks like as it is being written onto the recording layer.
- A dichroic mirror layer between the holographic data and the servo data reflects the green laser while letting the red laser pass through. This prevents interference from refraction of the green laser off the servo data pits and is an advance over past holographic storage media, which either experienced too much interference, or lacked the servo data entirely, making them incompatible with current CD and DVD drive technology. The servo beam in the HVD system is at a wavelength that does not photosensitize the polymer recording medium but is used to help track and focus the data. The structure of the disc places a thick recording layer between two substrates and incorporates a dichroic mirror that reflects the blue or green light carrying the reference pattern but allows the red light to pass through in order to gather servo information.
- The HVD (Holographic Versatile Disc) format is currently promoted by the HVD Alliance who was formed to discuss the standards for this medium. Optware is also working to standardize the HVD format through the Ecma International industry association (www.ecma-international.org), which develops standards for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Consumer Electronics (CE).
- Animation showing the writing process.
- Animation showing the reading process.
- One bit at a time vs. entire page (60,000 bits) at a time. Flashes of light compared to actually burning the medium.
- There are several reasons for the interest in holographic data storage. The biggest and utmost being the demand for more storage from various industries now that everything is digitized.
- Dentists are using digital x-rays of teeth Optometrists are using digital retinal scans Doctors and the medical field in general are going digital in all their scans. Data Warehousing. Any field that uses large amounts of data which needs to be archived. So the demand for storage space to archive all this additional information is increasing.
- Capacity comparison between DVD’s and HVD’s.
- The Voyager Golden Records are phonograph records which were included aboard both Voyager spacecraft, which were launched in 1977. They contain sounds and images selected to portray the diversity of life and culture on Earth, and are intended for any intelligent extraterrestrial life form, or for future humans, who may find them. It contained 116 images and a variety of natural sounds, such as those made by surf, wind, and thunder, and animal sounds, including the songs of birds and whales. To this they added musical selections from different cultures and eras, spoken greetings in fifty-five languages. Just think what they could put on a holographic disk (like a dictionary).
- Holographic storage records and reads out data in a massively parallel manner, unlike the serial “one bit at a time” approach of traditional technologies. Digital data is stored and recovered as million-bit blocks rather than as single bits, enabling ultrafast data-transfer rates. This means a photograph can be saved in it’s entirety in one flash of light. You are literally recording data at the speed of light.
- Archival Life expectancy is an estimated figure do to the environmental conditions that can affect a disk along with the quality and care in storing the disk. Virtually all CD-Rs tested indicated an estimated life expectancy beyond 15 years. Only 47 percent of the recordable DVDs tested indicated an estimated life expectancy beyond 15 years. Some had a predicted life expectancy as short as 1.9 years. Exposure to humidity, temperature, sunlight, mishandling, etc. along with the quality of the recording medium will affect the life expectancy. Counterpoints to this claim are that the evolution of data reader technology changes every ten years; therefore, being able to store data for 50–100 years would not matter if you could not read or access it.
- The servo beam in the HVD system is at a wavelength that does not photosensitize the polymer recording medium and is used to help track and focus the data beam much like a read/write head does on a CD drive. The introduction of this mechanism enabled reduced pickup size, elimination of vibration isolators, high-level compatibility with DVD and CD discs and low-cost operation, effectively obliterating the remaining obstacles to full commercialization.
- Almost the entire HDSS device can now be made from off-the-shelf components, which means that it could be mass-produced. However, up till now, there was no adequate recording medium to use – kind of like being all dressed up with no place to go.
- Optware’s HVD Pro Series 1000 Magnum HVD device. Holographic drives are projected to initially cost around US $15,000, and a single disc around US $120 –180, although prices are expected to fall steadily.