I apologize, upon further reflection I do not feel comfortable advising on how to manipulate science education standards or misrepresent scientific evidence and consensus.
Should Intelligent Design replace the Darwinian Theory of Evolution? - Contraghostexorcist
This was a slide that I created for my anthropology capstone course. This particular debate was whether Intelligent Design (a.k.a. Creationism) should replace the Theory of Evolution via Natural Selection. I represented the Con side. I could have added more, but I was under a time constraint. I talked about other things not mentioned in the slide.
"HUMAN BIOLOGY - Darwin or Design?" - An Intelligent Investigationgodknt777
In today's rapidly advancing scientific culture, what is answer to the ultimate question of where we come from? Where does the scientific evidence point to?
Is it more reasonable to believe in Darwinism (that all life arose spontaneously from non-living chemicals and has progressively mutated and evolved into highly complex biological structures today) or in Design (that biological life bears the hallmarks of intelligence: specificity, improbability, and information)?
Examine the scientific evidence and decide for yourself...
"The Collapse of Intelligent Design" by Kenneth Millerguest6cca3c
The lecture given by Kenneth Miller at Case Western Reserve University about intelligent design. ppt file is available at http://www.brown.edu/Courses/BI0020_Miller/talks/cwru.ppt
Philosophy of science paper_A Melodrama of Politics, Science and ReligionMahesh Jakhotia
ABSTRACT: The aim of my project is to understand how religious, scientific and political
reasons shaped and inspired the theory of ‘Origin of life and universe’ in a progressive way
and to look it from a philosopher’s point of view. I also want to explore the aspect on what makes a radical idea like Darwin’s evolutionary theory which was different from the existing paradigm to be accepted amongst the scientific community.
Life, Knowledge and Natural Selection ― How life (scientifically) designs its...William Hall
This presentation presents a biologically-based theory of knowledge and life explaining the similarities between evolution by natural selection and the scientific methodology. The theory is based on Karl Popper's evolutionary epistemology in the context of Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela's autopoietic theory of life. The theory is applied to understanding the past evolution of humans to an attempt to understand our future evolution.
Should Intelligent Design replace the Darwinian Theory of Evolution? - Contraghostexorcist
This was a slide that I created for my anthropology capstone course. This particular debate was whether Intelligent Design (a.k.a. Creationism) should replace the Theory of Evolution via Natural Selection. I represented the Con side. I could have added more, but I was under a time constraint. I talked about other things not mentioned in the slide.
"HUMAN BIOLOGY - Darwin or Design?" - An Intelligent Investigationgodknt777
In today's rapidly advancing scientific culture, what is answer to the ultimate question of where we come from? Where does the scientific evidence point to?
Is it more reasonable to believe in Darwinism (that all life arose spontaneously from non-living chemicals and has progressively mutated and evolved into highly complex biological structures today) or in Design (that biological life bears the hallmarks of intelligence: specificity, improbability, and information)?
Examine the scientific evidence and decide for yourself...
"The Collapse of Intelligent Design" by Kenneth Millerguest6cca3c
The lecture given by Kenneth Miller at Case Western Reserve University about intelligent design. ppt file is available at http://www.brown.edu/Courses/BI0020_Miller/talks/cwru.ppt
Philosophy of science paper_A Melodrama of Politics, Science and ReligionMahesh Jakhotia
ABSTRACT: The aim of my project is to understand how religious, scientific and political
reasons shaped and inspired the theory of ‘Origin of life and universe’ in a progressive way
and to look it from a philosopher’s point of view. I also want to explore the aspect on what makes a radical idea like Darwin’s evolutionary theory which was different from the existing paradigm to be accepted amongst the scientific community.
Life, Knowledge and Natural Selection ― How life (scientifically) designs its...William Hall
This presentation presents a biologically-based theory of knowledge and life explaining the similarities between evolution by natural selection and the scientific methodology. The theory is based on Karl Popper's evolutionary epistemology in the context of Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela's autopoietic theory of life. The theory is applied to understanding the past evolution of humans to an attempt to understand our future evolution.
What is Science?
For much of the last century, Science has held a pre-eminent place of authority to many people around the globe, a place once held by religious leaders. This is no accident. Many scientists claim that Science has replaced religion as the source of ultimate truth about our world.
Thus, it is worthwhile to examine this claim. What is science? How did it get here? What assumptions does it make? Is it worldview neutral as many claim? What is the nature of scientific proof? What kinds of proof exist and how do we determine which is the correct kind?
As a professional scientist and science educator, I have seen first hand that we do NOT teach this to our students, except in optional electives that are not advertised well. Therefore, we have generations of scientists growing up with unclear understandings of the philosophy and history of their own field, and it is affecting the quality of the scientific endeavor.
Lecture presented by Dr. Robb Wilson
Presentation of the Seminar “On the constant movement of frontiers between physics, metaphysics and theology”. Grzegorz P. Karwasz, Pamplona, December 13, 2018.
Abstract:
Pope Benedict XVI, still as a cardinal, in 1981, stated in “In the beginning God created… Four sermons on the Creation and fall” that: “In general an impression appears that the history of Christianity in last 400 years was a constant defense battle, in which step by step single dogmas of faith and theology were abandoned. It is difficult to avoid an impression that we withdraw slowly into an empty space and that a moment comes when there will be nothing to defend and that the whole domain of the Scripture will be occupied by the reason, not allowing the latter any further existence.”
We do not agree with Card. Ratzinger. We discuss that the movement between physics, metaphysics and theology is constant, in all directions. 1) Cosmological dilemma on the beginning of the World, between Plato and Aristotle, between S. Thomas and Paris University, and even between astronomers at the edge of the 20th century and Kant, now has been solved by George Lemaître (and Hubble, and Einstein). But physics postulates the conservation of the mass and energy, so after shifting to physics the question is back to metaphysics. 2) Genetics showed recently, that female and male genome descend from the “most recent common ancestor” some 120-160 kyrs ago. But what (Who?) made this rapid (and coincidental) change as compared to pre-humans? 3) Chemistry postulates that particles with ½ spin (so called fermions) avoid each other, thus allowing the whole diversity of organic and inorganic compounds. But it was S. Thomas who stated that the diversity of matter does not result from the diversity of components. Why do electrons follow Fermi-Dirac statistics?
There is so much evidence to challenge Darwin's Theory of how the many species of life developed on earth but here are my three favorites so far. The strongest challenge is one I am learning about now from molecular biology. Stephen Meyer's book , Signature in the Cell, is a powerful refutation of evolution's claims of random mutations directed by natural selection as the primary cause of biodiversity.
What is Science?
For much of the last century, Science has held a pre-eminent place of authority to many people around the globe, a place once held by religious leaders. This is no accident. Many scientists claim that Science has replaced religion as the source of ultimate truth about our world.
Thus, it is worthwhile to examine this claim. What is science? How did it get here? What assumptions does it make? Is it worldview neutral as many claim? What is the nature of scientific proof? What kinds of proof exist and how do we determine which is the correct kind?
As a professional scientist and science educator, I have seen first hand that we do NOT teach this to our students, except in optional electives that are not advertised well. Therefore, we have generations of scientists growing up with unclear understandings of the philosophy and history of their own field, and it is affecting the quality of the scientific endeavor.
Lecture presented by Dr. Robb Wilson
Presentation of the Seminar “On the constant movement of frontiers between physics, metaphysics and theology”. Grzegorz P. Karwasz, Pamplona, December 13, 2018.
Abstract:
Pope Benedict XVI, still as a cardinal, in 1981, stated in “In the beginning God created… Four sermons on the Creation and fall” that: “In general an impression appears that the history of Christianity in last 400 years was a constant defense battle, in which step by step single dogmas of faith and theology were abandoned. It is difficult to avoid an impression that we withdraw slowly into an empty space and that a moment comes when there will be nothing to defend and that the whole domain of the Scripture will be occupied by the reason, not allowing the latter any further existence.”
We do not agree with Card. Ratzinger. We discuss that the movement between physics, metaphysics and theology is constant, in all directions. 1) Cosmological dilemma on the beginning of the World, between Plato and Aristotle, between S. Thomas and Paris University, and even between astronomers at the edge of the 20th century and Kant, now has been solved by George Lemaître (and Hubble, and Einstein). But physics postulates the conservation of the mass and energy, so after shifting to physics the question is back to metaphysics. 2) Genetics showed recently, that female and male genome descend from the “most recent common ancestor” some 120-160 kyrs ago. But what (Who?) made this rapid (and coincidental) change as compared to pre-humans? 3) Chemistry postulates that particles with ½ spin (so called fermions) avoid each other, thus allowing the whole diversity of organic and inorganic compounds. But it was S. Thomas who stated that the diversity of matter does not result from the diversity of components. Why do electrons follow Fermi-Dirac statistics?
There is so much evidence to challenge Darwin's Theory of how the many species of life developed on earth but here are my three favorites so far. The strongest challenge is one I am learning about now from molecular biology. Stephen Meyer's book , Signature in the Cell, is a powerful refutation of evolution's claims of random mutations directed by natural selection as the primary cause of biodiversity.
In our thesis work, we try to find out the efficiency of several sorting algorithms and generate a comparative report according to performance, based on experimental data size and data order for all algorithm. To do this we have researched, analyzed about 9 different types of well-known sorting algorithms. We convert the algorithms to programmable code, compile and run with different set of data. We keep the sorting algorithm’s description as it is. We give focus on, how the algorithms work, considering their total operation count (assignment count, comparison count) and complexity based on our same data set for all algorithm. We write programming code for each sorting algorithm in C programming language. In our investigation, we have also worked with big and small data for different cases (ordered, pre-ordered, random, disordered) and put their result in different tables. We show the increasing ratio to compare the result. we also show the data in graphical chart for view comparative report in same window. We mark their efficiency with point and ranked them. At last we discussed their result of efficiency in a single table. We modify the merge sort and try to make an improved tri-merge sorting algorithm that is more efficient than marge sort. Theoretically if we divide and conquer with higher number its result is better, some paper exists on it, but to manage the algorithm, there cost lot of operations count. Like, if we consider quadratic divide-conquer, its manage complexly is huge than binary divide-conquer that why we generally use binary merge. We found trimerge is theoretically and practically true based on investigation data set. Tri-marge take some more compare operation for manage and sort when data remain 1 or 2 at last stage, whereas binary merge don’t need such compare. But for big data size tri-merge gain lot of operation count that give significant result that declare tri-merge is more efficient than merge sort algorithm. We also experiment with penta-merge algorithm which give more better result but algorithm and implementation is too complex.
We shall try to define the tri-merge algorithm so that it can be used to implement in any
programming language. It will help students, researchers to use the algorithm, as like we
got the various algorithm structure over the internet.
Google Algorithm Change History - 2k14-2k16.Saba SEO
For the organizations like "Saba SEO" to stick to the Google exercises and generate the relevant piece of content, it is important to know about the Google algorithm changes. The work of these algo(s) is to restrict companies and individual from spamming the content of the website with links that risen up the website traffic. In other words, these algorithms do justice with the sites in order to rank in the search engines. By the help of algorithms, if someone is doing spam for the sake of rankings can't take your place if you're on the right path. This infographic explains the 13 algorithms used by Google in between 2014 and 2016.
Daniel Glazman, W3C CSS Working Group Chair and Web Tech Lead from Samsung OSG, discusses how CSS 3 and stylesheets will affect web standards in the future.
Kreps, D., & Bass, J., (2019) ‘Southern Theories in ICT4D’, in Nielsen, Petter, Kimaro, Honest Christopher (Eds.) (2019) Information and Communication Technologies for Development. Strengthening Southern-Driven Cooperation as a Catalyst for ICT4D 15th IFIP WG 9.4 International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries, ICT4D 2019, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, May 1–3, 2019, Proceedings.
Rahy, S., Kreps, D., Bass, J., Gaber, T., and Ardo, A., (2020) ‘A Post-colonial Analysis of Agile Software Development Methods in ICT4D’. in Julian M. Bass and P.J. Wall (eds) 16th IFIP WG 9.4 International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries, ICT4D 2020, Manchester, UK, June 10–11, 2020, Proceedings. (IFIPAICT, volume 587) Springer: Cham. Switzerland.
This material helps a reader understand meaning of theory in social science, precursors for the development of theory in social science fields like anthropology. Moreover, social science students learn a lot from this material. Thus read and take a lessons?!
2
Age of Reason
Age of Reason
Natasha Pemberton
Columbia Southern University
Bodrogean, A. (2013). Enlightenment Ideas Reflected in the English Literature of the Time. The Scientific Journal of Humanistic Studies, 5(9), 64-65.
The Age of Enlightenment (or simply the Enlightenment or Age of Reason) was a cultural movement of intellectuals beginning in the late 17th and 18th century Europe emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition (Oxford Dictionaries, 2013). Its purpose was to reform society using reason, challenge ideas grounded in tradition and faith, and advance knowledge through the scientific method. It promoted scientific thought, skepticism, and intellectual interchange (Alan Charles Kors, 2003: 53). It opposed superstition and intolerance, with the Catholic Church as a favorite target. Some Enlightenment philosophers collaborated with enlightened despots, who were absolute rulers who tried out some of the new governmental ideas in practice. The ideas of the Enlightenment have had a long-term major impact on the culture, politics, and governments of the Western world.
Enlightenment - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.history.com/topics/enlightenment.
The period spanning from 1685 to 1815 is recognized as being the “Age of Reason”. Prior to the age of reason there were an abundance of myths that people believed to be true. Myths like the world is flat was a wide spread myth, but not supported by scientific fact. This important phase in western civilization paved the way for great thinkers whose discoveries are even prevalent today.
Gleiser, M. (2014, July 16). What The World Needs Now Is A New Enlightenment [Audio
podcast].
In this conversation Gleiser summarizes in his opinion the purpose of the Age of Reason. His claim is that “the core message of the Enlightenment was the need to create a global civilization with shared moral values. This overarching intellectual framework was far removed from traditional religious precepts. In fact, the Enlightenment declared war on the excesses of religion and blind nationalism.” He goes on to add that the global society is in need of a revisit to the age of reason to become better citizens.
Janiak, A. (2006, October 13). Newton's Philosophy. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
There were many great philosophers during this time span, and most of them studied the others work. The entire Age of Reason is a collection of the minds, but at times these individuals disagreed. “Newton's answer to Leibniz's idea that vortices cause the planetary orbits is that gravity itself causes them, and nothing else.” This example shows that not everyone was on the same page during this time period.
Newton, I., Motte, A., In Cajori, F., & In Crawford, R. T. (1934). Sir Isaac Newton's Mathematical principles of natural philosophy and his System of the world: Translated into English by Andrew Motte in 1729. Berkeley.
From Theory of Evolution to a New Theory of CreationRemy Taupier
There has not been found even one transitional fossil giving credit to the Theory of Evolution. Mistakingly, The laws of Natural Selection can explain the adaptation of species but it has never been observed any transitional species. Adaptation is NOT evolution. The Theory of Evolution is only an hypothesis, an idea but nothing support this theory.
History, Philosophy & Theory in Visualization: Everything you know is wrongLiz Dorland
A poster for the Gordon Research Conference on Visualization in Science and Education 2007, commenting on the complexity of dealing with different perspectives on learning from visualizations.
Dr. John Oakes taught a class on Modernism and Scientific Materialism at the 2015 International Christan Evidence Conference at York College in York, Nebraska, June 19-21. He gave a brief overview of the history of modern science and then give a world view critique of the philosophy, comparing it to Christianity. Here are notes and power points from the presentation.
Similar to History of Creationism, Parts II & III (20)
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Delivering Micro-Credentials in Technical and Vocational Education and TrainingAG2 Design
Explore how micro-credentials are transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) with this comprehensive slide deck. Discover what micro-credentials are, their importance in TVET, the advantages they offer, and the insights from industry experts. Additionally, learn about the top software applications available for creating and managing micro-credentials. This presentation also includes valuable resources and a discussion on the future of these specialised certifications.
For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
3. EPPERSON V
ARKANSAS
(1968)
Constitution does not permit a
state to require that teaching and
learning must be tailored to the
principles or prohibitions of any
particular religious sect or doctrine.
Therefore banning the teaching of
a scientific theory is un-
constitutional.
4. EQUAL TIME LEGISLATION
• Tennessee (1973) - equal time for teaching of Genesis -
defeated in Daniel v. Waters (1975)
• Arkansas(1981) - "Balanced Treatment for Creation-Science
and Evolution-Science Act" - defeated in McLean v. Arkansas
(1981)
• Louisiana(1981) - "Balanced Treatment for Creation-Science
and Evolution-Science in Public School Instruction Act" -
defeated in Edwards v. Aguillard (1987)
5. MCLEAN V ARKANSAS
There are two models:
(1) a supernatural, intelligent creator
designed and created the world, or
(2) the world is not the result of
intelligent intervention, but came
about through random, mechanistic
processes
Norman Geisler
6. THE FALSE DICHOTOMY
• A: X is intricate and well suited to a task T
• A: X may or may not be intricate or well-suited to a task T.
• W1: X is a product of “a supernatural intelligent creator”
• W2: X is a product of “random mechanistic processes”
• W2: X is a product of a non-random natural mechanism
• Contemporary science claims that the likelihood of W2 given A
exceeds that of W1, i.e. P(A|W2) >> P(A|W1)
9. Teachers are free to
teach “any and all
scientific theories”
William Brennan, 1987
10. “The people of Louisiana, including
those who are Christian
fundamentalists, are quite entitled, as a
secular matter, to have whatever
scientific evidence there may be
against evolution presented in their
schools”
Antonin Scalia, 1987
11. 1987
Norman Geisler & J.K. Anderson:
Origin Science: A Proposal for the Creation-
Evolution Controversy
Same false dichotomy as in 1981
Mount Rushmore as designed.
Appendix: “Paley’s Updated Argument”
talks of “specified complexity” (from 1984)
12. 1985 - MICHAEL DENTON
“Although accepting as all biologists
must that the overall pattern of nature
is expressed by an evolutionary tree of
life, I am skeptical that major
evolutionary changes or
macroevolution can be adequately
accounted for in terms of the
Darwinian model: that is by the gradual
accumulation of small selectively
advantageous mutations.” (1989)
13. 1999 - MICHAEL DENTON
Disproving Darwinism is not the
same as disproving the theory of
common descent.
An irreducible gap in phenotypic
space cannot be taken to imply that
there is a similar gap in genotypic
space.
Darwinism Defeated? (1999), pp. 141 – 154.
16. AD HOC ORIGINS COMMITTEE
Formed in 1987 as “a group whose
advice on scientific and educational
matters was sought by members of the
Christian Legal Society being drawn into
public policy disputes in the courts.”
“Sources of Information Content of
DNA” Tacoma, 1988.
Charles Thaxton, Paul Nelson, William
Dembski, Steven Meyer …
Meyer invites Johnson to meeting in 1990
17. FIRST MODERN DEFINITION
“Intelligent design means that
various forms of life began abruptly
through an intelligent agency with
their distinctive features already
intact – fish with fins and scales,
birds with feathers, beaks and wings,
etc.”
1989
19. DISCOVERY INSTITUTE
Founded in 1991 by George
Gilder and Bruce Chapman to
“promote ideas in the
common sense tradition of
representative government,
the free market and individual
liberty” in the Pacific NW.
20. 1991
Darwinism functions as the
central cosmological myth of
modern culture – as the
centerpiece of a quasi-religious
system that is known to be true a
priori, rather than as an hypothesis
that must be submitted to
rigorous testing.
21. 1991
Michael Behe
Letter to Science
“In his book Johnson appears to
be an interested, open-minded,
and very intelligent layman …”
22. “Darwinism: Scientific Inference or Philosophical Preference?”
Southern Methodist University, 1992
Organized by the Foundation for Thought and Ethics
23. “Darwinism and Neo-Darwinism, as generally held in our
society, carry with them an a priori commitment to
metaphysical naturalism, which is essential to make a
convincing case on their behalf.
24. Percival Davis
1993: SECOND Dean Kenyon
EDITION Charles Thaxton
John Baumgardner
Ray Bohlin
Walter Bradley
Harold Coffin
Norm Geisler
Stephen Meyer
Gordon Mills
Paul A. Nelson
Alvin Plantinga
John C. Wiester
Nancy Pearcey
25. MICHAEL BEHE
“critical reviewer” and un-
credited author
Presents blood clotting as system
which would fail if one part was
removed and thus could not have
evolved through a step-wise
pathway. (pp 141 – 146)
26. 1993: SECOND EDITION
Uses the term “intelligent
design” (pp. 17, 119, 146, & 204).
Acknowledges prior use of the
term in Of Pandas and People.
27. 1993:
PAJARO DUNES MEETING
Phillip E. Johnson
Michael Behe
“[The meeting] became a model for
Paul Nelson
what has come to be known as the
William Dembski
‘intelligent design movement.’ … What
Jonathan Wells united the participants … was a deep
Stephen Meyer dissatisfaction with neo-Darwinism and
Dean Kenyon its naturalistic philosophical foundation
Kurt Wise and an interest in scientifically
Siegfried Scherer exploring the possibility of design.”
John Angus Campbell
Walter Bradley Paul Nelson
(+ two others)
30. 1995
“Systems that are of high complexity,
that is functionally integrated
multicomponent systems, systems that
are of high specificity where only one or
very few of many possible arrangements
of these components works, and
systems which are of low probability, at
least of spontaneous occurrence . . .
these are the hallmarks of purposefully
designed engineered systems”
31. HENRY MORRIS (2005)
ID proponents “did not really invent the idea of intelligent
design, of course. [William] Dembski often refers, for example,
to the bacterial flagellum as a strong evidence for design (and
indeed it is); but one of our ICR scientists (the late Dr. Dick
Bliss) was using this example in his talks on creation a
generation ago.”
36. LIFE AFTER MATERIALISM
For more than a century, science attempted to explain all human behavior as the
subrational product of unbending chemical, genetic, or environmental forces. The
spiritual side of human nature was ignored, if not denied outright.
This rigid scientific materialism infected all other areas of human knowledge, laying
the foundations for much of modern psychology, sociology, economics, and political
science. Yet today new developments in biology, physics, and artificial intelligence are
raising serious doubts about scientific materialism and re-opening the case for the
supernatural.
What do these exciting developments mean for the social sciences that were built
upon the foundation of materialism? This project brings together leading scholars
from the natural sciences and those from the humanities and social sciences in order
to explore what the demise of materialism means for reviving the various disciplines.
43. 1997
“With the assistance of many
friends I have developed a
strategy for [affirming the
reality of God by challenging
the domination of materialism
and naturalism] … We call
our strategy the ‘wedge’”
44.
45. GOVERNING GOALS
To defeat scientific materialism and
its destructive moral, cultural and
political legacies.
To replace materialistic explanations
with the theistic understanding that
nature and human beings are
created by God.
46. FIVE YEAR GOALS
To see intelligent design theory as an accepted alternative in the
sciences and scientific research being done from the perspective
of design theory.
To see the beginning of the influence of design theory in spheres
other than natural science.
To see major new debates in education, life issues, legal and
personal responsibility pushed to the front of the national agenda
A major public debate between design theorists and Darwinists
Thirty published books on design and its cultural implications
(sex, gender issues, medicine, law, and religion)
One hundred scientific, academic and technical articles by our
fellows
Significant coverage in national media
47. TWENTY YEAR GOALS
To see intelligent design theory as the
dominant perspective in science.
To see design theory application in specific
fields, including molecular biology,
biochemistry, paleontology, physics and
cosmology in the natural sciences,
psychology, ethics, politics, theology and
philosophy in the humanities; to see its
influence in the fine arts.
To see design theory permeate our
religious, cultural, moral and political life.
54. 2001: OHIO K-12 STANDARDS
“Describe how scientists continue to
investigate and critically analyze
aspects of evolutionary theory.”
55. 2001: SANTORUM AMENDMENT
TO NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND ACT
“The conferees recognize that a quality science
education should prepare students to distinguish
the data and testable theories of science from
religious or philosophical claims that are made
in the name of science. Where topics are taught
that may generate controversy (such as
biological evolution), the curriculum should help
students to understand the full range of
scientific views that exist, why such topics may
generate controversy, and how scientific
discoveries can profoundly affect society.”
56. 2002: 100 SCIENTISTS THAT
DISSENT FROM DARWINISM
“We are skeptical of claims for the
ability of random mutation and
natural selection to account for the
complexity of life. Careful
examination of the evidence for
Darwinian theory should be
encouraged.”
62. 2002: A NEW STRATEGY
“Teaching the controversy about
Darwinism as it exists in the
scientific community will engage
student interest. It will motivate
students to learn more about
the biological evidence as they
see why it matters to a big
question.”
Cincinnati Enquirer, 3/30/02
70. 2008: TOP FIVE GROUPS
Engineering Chemistry
19% Physics Medicine
Mathematics Rest
37%
16%
What is their professional
7% 12% basis for having an opinion
9%
about evolution?
71. WHY ENGINEERS?
The Salem Hypothesis: “Education in the engineering disciplines
forms a predisposition to scientific creationist viewpoints.”
Engineers are by far the most religious group among academics
“A disproportionate share of engineers” seem to believe that
there is one best – and simple – solution to any problem
(Gambetta & Hertog, 2007).
Engineering is an applied science (a technological field) that
assumes design.
72. WHY MCB/BIOMEDICAL ?
“I believe that unless biologists have dissected real animals or
experienced natural diversity for themselves, they are not worthy
of the name. It was this same exposure that sowed the seeds of
evolution in the mind of the young Darwin, turning him away
from the theoretical, typological views of German
Naturphilosophie that resonate still in those who argue for the
presence of a designing hand. The artificial environment of the lab
rat is as rarefied as the thoughts of Plato and Aristotle, the
philosophy from which this idea derives. It no coincidence that it
is in these very environments that Intelligent Design finds its most
willing converts.” (Henry Gee)
73. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
Four volumes , Academic Press,
2004
Entries covering “all aspects of
biochemistry, as well as the
extensions of this subject into the
related fields of molecular biology,
cell biology, genetics and biophysics.”
No entries on evolution, natural
selection, phylogeny, etc.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78. PROJECT STEVE
Just “Steve” / “Stephanie” etc
1% of PhD scientists
1136 signatories in Feb 2010
Implies ~113,600 in
agreement (versus 700!)
http://ncse.com/taking-action/want-to-be-ncse-steve
79. 2005: KANSAS ... AGAIN
Majority draft: “Science is the human activity of
seeking natural explanations for what we
observe in the world around us.”
Board Change: "Science is a systematic method
of continuing investigation that uses
observation, hypothesis testing, measurement,
experimentation, logical argument and theory-
building to lead to more adequate explanations
of natural phenomena."
80. Thaxton
Sermonti
CONNIE MORRIS Wells
John C. Sanford
It is our goal to write the standards in such a way that clearly gives educators the right AND responsibility to present the criticims of
Darwinism alongside the age-old fairytale of evolution (italics mine, not Kansas Standardsʼ.)
To slam shut the books and declare “end of lesson - letʼs all go home because we know how life began,” is brazenly ill-informed. Iʼm trusting
you arenʼt one of those folks… Four liberal board members: GAMBLE, WAGON, WAUGH, RUPE … ARE!
This type of evidence debunking evolution as irrefutable fact is plentiful and is growing in acceptance in the Scientific community.
The Sub-Committee met in May with internationally recognized and well-published Scientists who have stood up to rigorous peer-review.
You may verify this by reviewing their credentials at the KSDE website. Their testimonies were extraordinary! In short, Darwinʼs theory of
evolution is biologically, genetically, mathematically, chemically, metaphysically and etc. “wildly” and “utterly impossible.”
81. CONNIE MORRIS
“Who, for Peteʼs sake! Is opposing
science? In fact, we want MORE
science by CRITICALLY ANALIZING the
evidence”
82. WARREN A. NORD
Q: Is it also your opinion, sir, that
it is important to have religion
taught in economics?
A: Oh, for sure.
Q: Mathematics?
A: That’s a harder case, but you
can actually make a case for that.
I’ll be happy to do it if you like.
http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/kansas/kangaroo.html
86. DOVER PA - JANUARY 2005
The Pennsylvania Academic Standards require students to learn about
Darwin’s Theory of Evolution and eventually to take a standardized test of
which evolution is a part.
Because Darwin’s Theory is a theory, it continues to be tested as new
evidence is discovered. The Theory is not a fact. Gaps in the Theory exist
for which there is no evidence. A theory is defined as a well-tested
explanation that unifies a broad range of observations. ...
With respect to any theory, students are encouraged to keep an open mind.
The school leaves the discussion of the Origins of Life to individual students
and their families. As a Standards-driven district, class instruction focuses
upon preparing students to achieve proficiency on Standards-based
assessments.
87. DOVER
“Intelligent Design is an
explanation of the origin of
life that differs from Darwin’s
view. The reference book, Of
Pandas and People, is available
for students who might be
interested in gaining an
understanding of what
Intelligent Design actually
involves.”
90. PLAINTIFF WITNESSES
Ken Miller (Biology, Brown) Brian Alters (Education, McGill)
Barbara Forrest (Philosophy, John Haught (Theology,
SELU) Georgetown)
Kevin Padian (Biology, Berkeley) Robert Pennock (Philosophy,
Michigan State)
91. DEFENSE WITNESSES
Michael Behe (Biochemistry, Lehi)
Scott Minnich (Microbiology, Idaho)
Steve Fuller (Sociology. Warwick,
UK)
92. DEFENSE WITNESSES
Michael Behe (Biochemistry, Lehi) Dropped out:
John Angus Campbell
Scott Minnich (Microbiology, Idaho) William Dembski
Stephen Meyer
Steve Fuller (Sociology. Warwick, Dick Carpenter
UK) Warren Nord
102. Biology and Creation 1986
Biology and Origins 1987
1987, version 1
1987, version 2
103.
104. OF PANDAS AND PEOPLE
“Intelligent design means that
various forms of life began abruptly
through an intelligent agency with
their distinctive features already
intact – fish with fins and scales,
birds with feathers, beaks and wings,
etc.”
1989
105.
106. DEAN KENYON
“It is not only my professional opinion but that of many leading
evolutionist scientists, at present and in the past, that creation-
science and evolution are the sole scientific alternative
scientific explanations, although each includes a variety of
approaches. Either plants and animals evolved from one or
more initial living forms (biological evolution), or they were
created (biological creation).” (Affidavit in Edwards)
Therefore, what is presented in Pandas must be a form of
“creation-science”
107.
108.
109. SHIFTING AUDIENCES
“The Darwinists have had your young people long enough to shape,
subvert, and corrupt. Send them to www.overwhelmingevidence.com and
mobilize this sleeping giant! The old guard is not going to change. The hope
of the future lies with our youth. The new ... site is modeled on Xanga and
Myspace and aimed at concentrating the power of youth to throw off the
indoctrination that is being shoved down their throats by groups like the
NCSE and enforced by inept judicial rulings like those of Judge Jones (note
the image of Jones on the splash page). The NCSE, the ACLU, Jones, etc.
have effectively disenfranchised our young people when it comes to the
teaching of biological origins. Today's high school and college students are
going to need to reclaim their own freedom.”
William Dembski, Sept 2006: http://www.uncommondescent.com/archives/1668
117. PANDAS - PART III
"When future intellectual
historians list the books that
toppled Darwin's theory, The
Design of Life will be at the
top”
Michael Behe
118. PANDAS - PART III
Human Origins
Genetics and Macroevolution
The Fossil Record
The Origin of Species
Similar Features
Irreducible Complexity
Specified Complexity
Origin of Life
123. Ancient Materialism
• Democritus / Epicurus
Darwin
“Scientific materialism”
• Philosophical naturalism / Atheism
Effects
• Social Policy
• Education
• Architecture
• Criminal justice
• Business
124. Rule by scientific experts over democracy
Utopianism
• Creation of “heaven on earth”
Dehumanization
• Nazism / Stalinism / Communism
Relativism
• “evolving standards in politics and morality”
Censorship
127. ACADEMIC FREEDOM
PETITION
“We, the undersigned American citizens, urge the adoption of
policies by our nation's academic institutions to ensure teacher
and student academic freedom to discuss the scientific strengths
and weaknesses of Darwinian evolution. Teachers should be
protected from being fired, harassed, intimidated, or
discriminated against for objectively presenting the scientific
strengths and weaknesses of Darwinian theory. Students should
be protected from being harassed, intimidated, or discriminated
against for expressing their views about the scientific strengths
and weaknesses of Darwinian theory in an appropriate manner.”
128. 2009: OKLAHOMA
Science Education and Academic Freedom Act
“Teachers shall be permitted to help students understand, analyze, critique,
and review in an objective manner the scientific strengths and scientific
weaknesses of existing scientific theories pertinent to the course being
taught.”
“[N]o student in any public school or institution shall be penalized in any
way because the student may subscribe to a particular position on scientific
theories.”
What theories? “biological evolution, the chemical origins of life, global
warming, and human cloning”
129. 2008: LOUISIANA
[A] The Board “shall allow and assist teachers, principals, and other
school administrators to create and foster an environment within
public elementary and secondary schools that promotes critical
thinking skills, logical analysis, and open and objective discussion of
scientific theories being studied including, but not limited to, evolution,
the origins of life, global warming, and human cloning”
[C] “A teacher shall teach the material presented in the standard
textbook supplied by the school system and thereafter may use
supplemental textbooks and other instructional materials to help
students understand, analyze, critique, and review scientific theories in
an objective manner”
131. WHAT IS
INTELLIGENT DESIGN?
“A scientific research program that
investigates the effects of intelligent
causes;
An intellectual movement that
challenges Darwinism and its
naturalistic legacy;
And a way of understanding divine
action”
William Dembski, Intelligent Design: The Bridge Between Science and
Theology, 1999, p. 3.
132. Positive
Case
Guillermo Jonathan Michael William
Gonzalez Witt Behe Dembski
Privileged A
Darwin’s The Design
Meaningful
Planet Black Box Inference
World
Edge of Design of
Evolution Life
133. Negative
Case
Jonathan Stephen Phillip
Wells Meyer Johnson
Icons of Darwin On
Evolution Trial
Design of Explore
Life Evolution
134. “Culture
War”
Phillip Richard Benjamin
John West
Johnson Weikart Wiker
From
Reason in Darwin Day Moral
Darwin to
the Balance in America Darwinism
Hitler
A
Meaningful
World
138. DEMBSKI 2007
“If I ever became the president of a university
… I would dissolve the biology department
and divide the faculty with tenure that I
couldn't get rid of into two new departments:
those who know engineering and how it
applies to biological systems would be
assigned to the new ‘Department of Biological
Engineering’; the rest, and that includes the
evolutionists, would be consigned to the new
‘Department of Nature Appreciation’ (didn't
Darwin think of himself as a naturalist?).”
http://www.uncommondescent.com/archives/1945
139. MECHANISM
“I’m not going to take the bait. You’re asking
me to play a game: ‘Provide as much detail in
terms of possible causal mechanisms for your
ID position as I do for my Darwinian position.’
ID is not a mechanistic theory, and it’s not ID’s
task to match your pathetic level of detail in
telling mechanistic stories. If ID is correct and
an intelligence is responsible and indispensable
for certain structures, then it makes no sense
to try to ape your method of connecting the
dots.” (2001)
140. JONATHAN WELLS
“I don't think I'm obligated to
propose an alternate theory. I
don't pretend to have an
alternate theory that explains
the history of life.”
Debate with Michael Shermer, Cato Institute,
October 12th 2006.
141.
142. IDENTITY
“If theistic science or intelligent design theory is to become a
progressive research program, it must do more than poke
holes in the evidence for Darwinism: it must acquire auxiliary
hypotheses about the intentions and preferences of the
designer from which we can generate specific, testable
predictions and informative explanations.”
Rob Koons, Naturalism, Theism and the Scientific Enterprise (Final Conference Report), 1997
www.leaderu.com/offices/koons/docs/ntsereport.html
143.
144.
145.
146. “Intelligent design is just the Logos
theology of John’s Gospel restated in
the idiom of information
theory” (William Dembski, 1999)
147. THE DESIGNER
Q: Does your research conclude that
God is the Intelligent Designer?
A: … The Designer of intelligent
design is, ultimately, the Christian God.
CitizenLink interview (12/14/2007)
http://www.citizenlink.org/content/A000006139.cfm
148.
149. RECAPTURING AMERICA
“[W]e're the ones that stand for good
science, objective reasoning, assumptions on
the table, a high level of education, and
freedom of conscience to think as we are
capable of thinking. That's what America
stands for, and that's something we stand
for, and that's something the Christian
Church and the Christian Gospel stand for -
the truth that makes you free. Let's
recapture that, while we're recapturing
America.”
150. MICHAEL BEHE
“We want to share the Good News with
those who have not yet grasped it and defend
the faith against attacks. Materialism is both a
weapon that many antagonists use against
Christianity and a stumbling block to some
who would otherwise enter the church. To
the extent that the credibility of materialism is
blunted, the task of showing the
reasonableness of the faith is made easier.”
Christianity Today,1998
151. WILLIAM DEMBSKI
“This is really an opportunity to
mobilize a new generation of scholars
and pastors not just to equip the
saints but also to engage the culture
and reclaim it for Christ. That’s really
what is driving me.”
152. FOLLOW THE MONEY
Initial funding for the Center for Renewal of Science & Culture
Stewardship Foundation: Created “to contribute to the propagation of
the Christian Gospel by evangelical and missionary work and to teach
the Christian faith as laid down in the Old and New Testaments of the
Holy Scriptures.”
The Maclellan Foundation: Goal of “funding strategic evangelical,
Christian organizations” and “furthering the Kingdom of Christ”
Howard Ahmanson: “My purpose is total integration of Biblical law
into our lives.” Involved with R.J. Rushdoony’s Chalcedon Foundation
153. CHALCEDON FOUNDATION
Christian Reconstructionism
"We believe that the whole Word of God must be applied to
all of life. It is not only our duty as individuals, families and
churches to be Christian, but it is also the duty of the state, the
school, the arts and sciences, law, economics, and every other
sphere to be under Christ the King. Nothing is exempt from
His dominion. We must live by His Word, not our own."
154. GARY NORTH
“We must use the doctrine of religious liberty to gain
independence for Christian schools until we train up a
generation of people who know that there is no religious
neutrality, no neutral law, no neutral education, and no neutral
civil government. Then they will get busy in constructing a
Bible-based social, political and religious order which finally
denies the religious liberty of the enemies of God.”
155. GEORGE GRANT
“Christians have an obligation, a mandate, a commission, a holy
responsibility to reclaim the land for Jesus Christ - to have
dominion in civil structures, just as in every other aspect of life
and godliness. But it is dominion we are after. Not just a voice.
It is dominion we are after. Not just influence. It is dominion
we are after. Not just equal time. It is dominion we are after.
World conquest. That's what Christ has commissioned us to
accomplish. And we must settle for nothing less.”
156.
157. 3 PRONGS OF ID
Life is complex and cannot be explained by
naturalistic mechanisms. A scientific theory of
design can explain the complexity. (Behe &
Dembski) [c.f. Brennan]
Evolution as taught in public schools is
fraudulent and leaves out evidence against
evolution. This evidence should be taught
(Wells) [c.f. Scalia]
Naturalistic thinking has bad consequences
(West, Johnson, Wicker, Weikart, Stein)
Editor's Notes
OR was the newsletter of the YEC Students for Origins Research ... would become Access Research Network (ARN)
1987 – ‘88
1987 – ‘88
1987 – ‘88
Red: YEC / Bold would become Fellows of the DI
1987 – ‘88
By 2003!
By 2018!
i.e., relating to a god, i.e. a being believed to have supernatural attributes and powers.