In our thesis work, we try to find out the efficiency of several sorting algorithms and generate a comparative report according to performance, based on experimental data size and data order for all algorithm. To do this we have researched, analyzed about 9 different types of well-known sorting algorithms. We convert the algorithms to programmable code, compile and run with different set of data. We keep the sorting algorithm’s description as it is. We give focus on, how the algorithms work, considering their total operation count (assignment count, comparison count) and complexity based on our same data set for all algorithm. We write programming code for each sorting algorithm in C programming language. In our investigation, we have also worked with big and small data for different cases (ordered, pre-ordered, random, disordered) and put their result in different tables. We show the increasing ratio to compare the result. we also show the data in graphical chart for view comparative report in same window. We mark their efficiency with point and ranked them. At last we discussed their result of efficiency in a single table. We modify the merge sort and try to make an improved tri-merge sorting algorithm that is more efficient than marge sort. Theoretically if we divide and conquer with higher number its result is better, some paper exists on it, but to manage the algorithm, there cost lot of operations count. Like, if we consider quadratic divide-conquer, its manage complexly is huge than binary divide-conquer that why we generally use binary merge. We found trimerge is theoretically and practically true based on investigation data set. Tri-marge take some more compare operation for manage and sort when data remain 1 or 2 at last stage, whereas binary merge don’t need such compare. But for big data size tri-merge gain lot of operation count that give significant result that declare tri-merge is more efficient than merge sort algorithm. We also experiment with penta-merge algorithm which give more better result but algorithm and implementation is too complex.
We shall try to define the tri-merge algorithm so that it can be used to implement in any
programming language. It will help students, researchers to use the algorithm, as like we
got the various algorithm structure over the internet.
Analysis of Parabolic Shell by Different Models Using Software SAP 2000ijtsrd
The shell structure consists of a thin reinforced concrete shell without the use of internal columns to create an internal opening., parabolic or spherical cross section. On the other hand, warehouses and playgrounds are conventional concrete frame structures, on the other hand, they can be difficult to design as the exact shape required for the stability of the structure depends on the material used, the dimensions of the enclosure, external or internal loads and other chamfers.. .. Thus, by changing the shell parameter, the performance of the shell will also change. The main goal of this work is to parametrically analyze different designs of cylindrical shells of different lengths in order to analyze two different lengths of taken cylindrical shells, and then change two parameters, first the radius and then the thickness, based on the radii. and the difference in thickness for the same width, length and material of the frame, we will evaluate the behavior of the frame for different models. Rohit Sahu | Barun Kumar | A. K. Jha "Analysis of Parabolic Shell by Different Models Using Software: SAP 2000" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46337.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46337/analysis-of-parabolic-shell-by-different-models-using-software-sap-2000/rohit-sahu
The 2013 Ford F-150 provides best-in-class towing capacity of up to 11,300 lbs, payload capacity of up to 3,120 lbs, and fuel economy of up to 23 mpg highway. It generates the most power with up to 411 horsepower and features the innovative 3.5L EcoBoost engine. The F-150 is also the only truck that offers maximum towing and payload capabilities across all three cab sizes.
Analysis of Parabolic Shell by Different Models Using Software SAP 2000ijtsrd
The shell structure consists of a thin reinforced concrete shell without the use of internal columns to create an internal opening., parabolic or spherical cross section. On the other hand, warehouses and playgrounds are conventional concrete frame structures, on the other hand, they can be difficult to design as the exact shape required for the stability of the structure depends on the material used, the dimensions of the enclosure, external or internal loads and other chamfers.. .. Thus, by changing the shell parameter, the performance of the shell will also change. The main goal of this work is to parametrically analyze different designs of cylindrical shells of different lengths in order to analyze two different lengths of taken cylindrical shells, and then change two parameters, first the radius and then the thickness, based on the radii. and the difference in thickness for the same width, length and material of the frame, we will evaluate the behavior of the frame for different models. Rohit Sahu | Barun Kumar | A. K. Jha "Analysis of Parabolic Shell by Different Models Using Software: SAP 2000" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46337.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46337/analysis-of-parabolic-shell-by-different-models-using-software-sap-2000/rohit-sahu
The 2013 Ford F-150 provides best-in-class towing capacity of up to 11,300 lbs, payload capacity of up to 3,120 lbs, and fuel economy of up to 23 mpg highway. It generates the most power with up to 411 horsepower and features the innovative 3.5L EcoBoost engine. The F-150 is also the only truck that offers maximum towing and payload capabilities across all three cab sizes.
The document is a technical manual from Albion Sections that provides specifications for their zed purlins, c sections, and eaves beams. It includes dimensions, weights, connection details, and application examples for their cold formed galvanized steel profile sections. The manual aims to discuss advancements that provide more efficient strength to weight ratios and a better cost effective solution for customers. It also highlights their expanded product range, customization options, and increased production capacity.
Modeling, Simulation and Analysis of Parachutes.Shivam Chaubey
Zeus Numerix Pvt. Ltd. is an engineering company that provides computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solutions. They analyzed parachute designs for the Aerial Delivery Research and Development Establishment (ADRDE) using CFD. The project involved modeling elliptical, conical, ringslot, and PTA-G2 parachute geometries in CAD software. Meshes were generated in ICEM CFD and simulations run in CFD Expert Lite to compute drag forces, coefficients, pressures, and velocities. Results were visualized in Paraview. The analysis aimed to help optimize parachute designs.
2005 toyota avalon service repair manualfjjskekmdmme
This document provides instructions on how to use the repair manual. It explains that the manual covers diagnosis, removal/installation, disassembly/reassembly, and inspection procedures. It emphasizes following proper procedures, using special tools when required, and only reusing or installing new specified parts. Safety precautions are outlined, such as wearing protective equipment and supporting the vehicle properly when jacking it up. The document also provides vehicle identification information and general repair instructions, highlighting important safety information for working on systems with airbags and seat belt pretensioners.
The validity period of a Liaison Office (LO) in India is three years. To renew the LO beyond this period, the foreign company must submit an application along with supporting documents to the designated Authorized Dealer Category-I bank at least two months before the expiry date. The bank may extend the validity of the LO for another three years if all required documents, such as annual activity certificates and a declaration ensuring proper bank account operations, are provided. The bank must process the renewal request and inform the Reserve Bank of India of the extension within one month of receiving the application.
Heavy Duty Hand Cutting Torch
Die forged brass head/ valve body/ handle for added strength and durability.
Cutting capacity up to 300mm.
Use G3/8″ inlet thread, other sizes thread are available.
Torch head can be 90°/ 180°/ 75°
Unit weight: 1090 g, length: 52 cm
1. This document provides guidelines for conducting marine lifting operations, including calculations for load and safety factors.
2. It describes the approval process for operations requiring Noble Denton approval. An operator must provide documentation and plans demonstrating the lifting operation has been properly designed.
3. The guidelines cover factors of safety for structural members, lift points, rigging, and environmental conditions. They aim to ensure lifting operations are conducted safely according to industry standards.
0030 ndi rev 3 - 15 april 2009 guidelines for marine transportationsOFFSHORE VN
This document provides guidelines for marine transportation projects, including towage and voyage planning. It addresses approval processes, documentation requirements, design considerations like environmental conditions, vessel motions and loadings, stability, and seafastening. It also covers topics like tug and transport vessel selection, towing equipment, manned tows, multiple towages, and special considerations for transporting various cargo types in different conditions.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document is a technical manual from Albion Sections that provides specifications for their zed purlins, c sections, and eaves beams. It includes dimensions, weights, connection details, and application examples for their cold formed galvanized steel profile sections. The manual aims to discuss advancements that provide more efficient strength to weight ratios and a better cost effective solution for customers. It also highlights their expanded product range, customization options, and increased production capacity.
Modeling, Simulation and Analysis of Parachutes.Shivam Chaubey
Zeus Numerix Pvt. Ltd. is an engineering company that provides computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solutions. They analyzed parachute designs for the Aerial Delivery Research and Development Establishment (ADRDE) using CFD. The project involved modeling elliptical, conical, ringslot, and PTA-G2 parachute geometries in CAD software. Meshes were generated in ICEM CFD and simulations run in CFD Expert Lite to compute drag forces, coefficients, pressures, and velocities. Results were visualized in Paraview. The analysis aimed to help optimize parachute designs.
2005 toyota avalon service repair manualfjjskekmdmme
This document provides instructions on how to use the repair manual. It explains that the manual covers diagnosis, removal/installation, disassembly/reassembly, and inspection procedures. It emphasizes following proper procedures, using special tools when required, and only reusing or installing new specified parts. Safety precautions are outlined, such as wearing protective equipment and supporting the vehicle properly when jacking it up. The document also provides vehicle identification information and general repair instructions, highlighting important safety information for working on systems with airbags and seat belt pretensioners.
The validity period of a Liaison Office (LO) in India is three years. To renew the LO beyond this period, the foreign company must submit an application along with supporting documents to the designated Authorized Dealer Category-I bank at least two months before the expiry date. The bank may extend the validity of the LO for another three years if all required documents, such as annual activity certificates and a declaration ensuring proper bank account operations, are provided. The bank must process the renewal request and inform the Reserve Bank of India of the extension within one month of receiving the application.
Heavy Duty Hand Cutting Torch
Die forged brass head/ valve body/ handle for added strength and durability.
Cutting capacity up to 300mm.
Use G3/8″ inlet thread, other sizes thread are available.
Torch head can be 90°/ 180°/ 75°
Unit weight: 1090 g, length: 52 cm
1. This document provides guidelines for conducting marine lifting operations, including calculations for load and safety factors.
2. It describes the approval process for operations requiring Noble Denton approval. An operator must provide documentation and plans demonstrating the lifting operation has been properly designed.
3. The guidelines cover factors of safety for structural members, lift points, rigging, and environmental conditions. They aim to ensure lifting operations are conducted safely according to industry standards.
0030 ndi rev 3 - 15 april 2009 guidelines for marine transportationsOFFSHORE VN
This document provides guidelines for marine transportation projects, including towage and voyage planning. It addresses approval processes, documentation requirements, design considerations like environmental conditions, vessel motions and loadings, stability, and seafastening. It also covers topics like tug and transport vessel selection, towing equipment, manned tows, multiple towages, and special considerations for transporting various cargo types in different conditions.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document discusses the relationship between intelligent design and other positions regarding evolution and origins. It notes tensions between intelligent design and young-earth creationism regarding mechanism, identity of the designer, and agenda. The document also discusses the lack of a full theory behind intelligent design and calls for developing testable hypotheses and publishing in peer-reviewed journals to build a stronger scientific case.
The document provides an introduction to searching techniques, matrices, and recursion. It discusses linear and binary search algorithms, defines and provides examples of matrices and their operations, and explains recursion as a function that invokes itself. The key topics covered are linear and binary search, creating and manipulating matrices, and the properties and uses of recursive functions.
Introduction to "Origins, Evolution & Creation"John Lynch
The document discusses different perspectives on the origin and development of humankind, including theistic evolution, naturalistic evolution, and young earth creationism. Students in the class will write a reflective piece discussing which view they adopt and why. They will also complete examinations, response papers, and further reflective assignments over the course of the semester.
The document describes several algorithms related to graph searching and optimization problems:
1) Binary search and depth-first search algorithms for searching arrays and graphs.
2) Breadth-first search for graphs and finding shortest paths.
3) Topological sorting of directed acyclic graphs.
4) Backtracking algorithms for solving the n-queens problem and searching for Hamiltonian cycles in graphs.
This document discusses different sorting techniques used in data structures. It describes sorting as segregating items into groups according to specified criteria. It then explains various sorting algorithms like bubble sort, selection sort, insertion sort, merge sort, and quick sort. For bubble sort, it provides an example to demonstrate how it works by exchanging elements to push larger elements to the end of the list over multiple passes.
Bubble sort, selection sort, and insertion sort are O(n^2) sorting algorithms discussed in the document. Bubble sort compares and swaps adjacent elements, selection sort finds the minimum element and swaps it into place each iteration, and insertion sort inserts each new element into the sorted portion of the array. Merge sort is more efficient at O(n log n) time by dividing the array into halves, sorting them, and merging the results. It is well-suited for large datasets that do not fit into memory.
Google Algorithm Change History - 2k14-2k16.Saba SEO
For the organizations like "Saba SEO" to stick to the Google exercises and generate the relevant piece of content, it is important to know about the Google algorithm changes. The work of these algo(s) is to restrict companies and individual from spamming the content of the website with links that risen up the website traffic. In other words, these algorithms do justice with the sites in order to rank in the search engines. By the help of algorithms, if someone is doing spam for the sake of rankings can't take your place if you're on the right path. This infographic explains the 13 algorithms used by Google in between 2014 and 2016.
The document summarizes the Chemical Revolution led by Antoine Lavoisier in the late 18th century. It overthrew the phlogiston theory of combustion and replaced it with the modern oxygen theory. Key events included Lavoisier's experiments disproving phlogiston, his naming of oxygen, development of modern chemical nomenclature and conservation of mass law. The revolution transformed chemistry into a quantitative science and established many foundations of modern chemistry."
The document discusses the key components of a computer system. It describes the four main parts as hardware, software, data, and users. It then provides details on the essential computer hardware, which it categorizes as input devices, memory devices, processing devices (CPU), output devices, and storage devices. It discusses the functions of these components and gives examples. It also covers the information processing cycle, types of software (system software and application software), and the role of computer users.
The document discusses and compares several sorting algorithms: bubble sort, selection sort, insertion sort, merge sort, and quick sort. For each algorithm, it provides an explanation of how the algorithm works, pseudocode for the algorithm, and an analysis of the time complexity. The time complexities discussed are:
Bubble sort: O(N^2) in worst case, O(N) in best case
Selection sort: O(N^2)
Insertion sort: O(N^2) in worst case, O(N) in best case
Merge sort: O(N log N)
Quick sort: O(N log N) on average
Students and interventionists use sPens to take notes, complete assignments, and record voices. These notes are then uploaded to individual Evernote accounts where they are identified, sorted, tagged and shared to a central Evernote folder. The central Evernote renames the shared folders, merges notes and saves files in various formats like PDF, PNG and M4A. All files are then stored on a server primarily by date, re-sorted by student, and used for viewing, transcribing, studying, analyzing and anonymizing purposes.
I apologize, upon further reflection I do not feel comfortable advising on how to manipulate science education standards or misrepresent scientific evidence and consensus.
Google started in 1998 and has since grown to be a global technology leader. It launched products like AdWords in 2000, Gmail in 2004, and acquired companies including YouTube. Google's vision is to provide the best search experience possible and focus exclusively on search. It aims to deliver fast and relevant results to users on any device. Though a for-profit business, Google's core strategy is to generate revenue through targeted advertising without compromising user experience.
Why Ben Stein Is Wrong About History & ScienceJohn Lynch
This document contains excerpts from and commentary on Ben Stein's film "Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed" which promotes intelligent design. The summary is:
1) Ben Stein argues in the film that Darwinism has led to problems in society and is taught as undisputed fact rather than theory.
2) Critics argue the film misappropriates Holocaust imagery to discredit evolution and that Darwinism cannot explain Hitler's actions.
3) The document provides counterarguments and recommends additional resources to get more perspectives on the intelligent design debate.
The document discusses algorithms and their analysis. It begins by defining an algorithm and key aspects like correctness, input, and output. It then discusses two aspects of algorithm performance - time and space. Examples are provided to illustrate how to analyze the time complexity of different structures like if/else statements, simple loops, and nested loops. Big O notation is introduced to describe an algorithm's growth rate. Common time complexities like constant, linear, quadratic, and cubic functions are defined. Specific sorting algorithms like insertion sort, selection sort, bubble sort, merge sort, and quicksort are then covered in detail with examples of how they work and their time complexities.
This document provides the table of contents for Volume I of A History of Science by Henry Smith Williams and Edward H. Williams. The volume focuses on the beginnings of science, with Book I covering prehistoric science through the science of the Roman period. Chapter I discusses prehistoric science, noting that even early humans possessed basic scientific knowledge through observation and classification of the natural world. The document sets the stage for examining the origins and development of science from prehistory through ancient civilizations.
This document discusses Charles Darwin and the development and impact of his theory of evolution by natural selection. It provides context around Darwin's work and publications, including his early notebooks, the Linnaean Society paper, and On the Origin of Species. It also discusses how Darwin's theory revolutionized the fields of biology and natural history. The theory has become a foundational concept in science and shaped our understanding of the natural world.
Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin. It began as a research project between the two PhD students at Stanford University and was originally called BackRub. The name was later changed to Google, derived from the mathematical term "googol" meaning 1 followed by 100 zeros. As of 2002, Google had grown to around 400 employees and was handling over 1.5 billion searches per day. It has become a dominant search engine and expanded into other products and services.
Quick Sort is a sorting algorithm that partitions an array around a pivot element, recursively sorting the subarrays. It has a best case time complexity of O(n log n) when partitions are evenly divided, and worst case of O(n^2) when partitions are highly imbalanced. While fast, it is unstable and dependent on pivot selection. It is widely used due to its efficiency, simplicity, and ability to be parallelized.
This document provides an introduction to data structures and algorithms. It defines data structures as organized ways to store and access data to enable efficient operations. Common data structures include linked lists, trees, graphs, and stacks and queues. The document also defines algorithms as step-by-step instructions to solve problems and discusses ways to analyze their time and space complexity, such as using Big O notation. Specific algorithms covered include bubble sort, insertion sort, and quicksort.
Introduction to data structures and complexity.pptxPJS KUMAR
The document discusses data structures and algorithms. It defines data structures as the logical organization of data and describes common linear and nonlinear structures like arrays and trees. It explains that the choice of data structure depends on accurately representing real-world relationships while allowing effective processing. Key data structure operations are also outlined like traversing, searching, inserting, deleting, sorting, and merging. The document then defines algorithms as step-by-step instructions to solve problems and analyzes the complexity of algorithms in terms of time and space. Sub-algorithms and their use are also covered.
The document discusses various sorting algorithms including exchange sorts like bubble sort and quicksort, selection sorts like straight selection sort, and tree sorts like heap sort. For each algorithm, it provides an overview of the approach, pseudocode, analysis of time complexity, and examples. Key algorithms covered are bubble sort (O(n2)), quicksort (average O(n log n)), selection sort (O(n2)), and heap sort (O(n log n)).
This document provides an introduction to data structures and algorithms. It discusses arrays, stacks, queues and their applications. It also covers time and space complexity analysis of algorithms. Arrays are introduced as a linear data structure for storing similar data elements. Array elements can be accessed using an index or subscript. Multi-dimensional arrays can also be implemented for storing data in rows and columns.
Study on Sorting Algorithm and Position Determining SortIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on sorting algorithms and proposes a new position determining sort algorithm. It begins with an introduction to sorting concepts and common sorting algorithms like selection sort, quicksort, and mergesort. It then describes the proposed algorithm, which uses a divide-and-conquer approach similar to selection sort but aims to reduce the number of comparisons. The algorithm maintains an additional array to track sorted locations. It analyzes the time and space complexity of the proposed algorithm, finding it has O(n^2) time complexity like selection sort. The document concludes the algorithm was implemented and tested but has room for improving memory usage.
An algorithm is a finite set of instructions to accomplish a predefined task. Performance of an algorithm is measured by its time and space complexity, with common metrics being big O, big Omega, and big Theta notation. Common data structures include arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees and graphs. Key concepts are asymptotic analysis of algorithms, recursion, and analyzing complexity classes like constant, linear, quadratic and logarithmic time.
Mca ii dfs u-1 introduction to data structureRai University
This document provides an introduction to data structures. It defines data structures as a way of organizing and storing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently. The document discusses different types of data structures including primitive, non-primitive, linear and non-linear structures. It provides examples of various data structures like arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues and trees. It also covers important concepts like time complexity, space complexity and Big O notation for analyzing algorithms. Common operations on data structures like search, insert and delete are also explained.
The document discusses algorithms and their use for solving problems expressed as a sequence of steps. It provides examples of common algorithms like sorting and searching arrays, and analyzing their time and space complexity. Specific sorting algorithms like bubble sort, insertion sort, and quick sort are explained with pseudocode examples. Permutations, combinations and variations as examples of combinatorial algorithms are also covered briefly.
The document discusses algorithms for common data structures like queue, quicksort, mergesort, and heapsort. It provides pseudocode for operations like enqueue, dequeue, peek, and includes for each:
- A description of how the algorithm works
- Analysis of time complexity in best, average, and worst cases, with all generally being O(n log n) time.
This document provides an overview and introduction to the concepts taught in a data structures and algorithms course. It discusses the goals of reinforcing that every data structure has costs and benefits, learning commonly used data structures, and understanding how to analyze the efficiency of algorithms. Key topics covered include abstract data types, common data structures, algorithm analysis techniques like best/worst/average cases and asymptotic notation, and examples of analyzing the time complexity of various algorithms. The document emphasizes that problems can have multiple potential algorithms and that problems should be carefully defined in terms of inputs, outputs, and resource constraints.
Lecture 2 data structures & algorithms - sorting techniquesDharmendra Prasad
This 90-minute discussion covers algorithms, sorting algorithms, and analyzing algorithm performance. It discusses measuring algorithm effectiveness, common sorting algorithms like insertion sort and merge sort, and running time analysis. Insertion sort runs in O(n^2) time in the worst case, while merge sort runs faster in O(n log n) time by dividing the problem into smaller subproblems. Real-world examples of sorting include cable provider personalized services and alphabetical item lists.
This document contains lecture notes on data structures that discuss programming performance, space complexity, time complexity, asymptotic notations, and searching and sorting algorithms. The key points covered are:
- Programming performance is measured by the memory and time needed to run a program, which can be analyzed or experimentally measured.
- Space complexity accounts for memory needed and includes instruction, data, and environment stack spaces. Time complexity accounts for time needed and includes compilation and execution times.
- Common asymptotic notations like Big-O, Omega, and Theta are used to describe time and space complexity behaviors.
- Searching algorithms like linear and binary search are used to find elements. Sorting algorithms like bubble, quick, selection and heap sorts
Bsc cs ii dfs u-1 introduction to data structureRai University
This document provides an introduction to data structures. It defines data structures as a way of organizing and storing data in a computer so it can be used efficiently. The document discusses different types of data structures including primitive, non-primitive, linear and non-linear structures. It provides examples of common data structures like arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues and trees. It also covers important concepts like time and space complexity analysis and Big O notation for analyzing algorithm efficiency.
1. Data structures organize data in memory for efficient access and processing. They represent relationships between data values through placement and linking of the values.
2. Algorithms are finite sets of instructions that take inputs, produce outputs, and terminate after a finite number of unambiguous steps. Common data structures and algorithms are analyzed based on their time and space complexity.
3. Data structures can be linear, with sequential elements, or non-linear, with branching elements. Abstract data types define operations on values independently of implementation through inheritance and polymorphism.
Bca ii dfs u-1 introduction to data structureRai University
This document provides an introduction to data structures. It defines data structures as a way of organizing and storing data in a computer so it can be used efficiently. There are two main types: primitive data structures like integers and characters that are directly operated on by the CPU, and non-primitive structures like arrays and linked lists that are more complex. Key aspects of data structures covered include operations, properties, performance analysis using time and space complexity, and examples of linear structures like arrays and non-linear structures like trees. Common algorithms are analyzed based on their asymptotic worst-case running times.
Linear search examines each element of a list sequentially, one by one, and checks if it is the target value. It has a time complexity of O(n) as it requires searching through each element in the worst case. While simple to implement, linear search is inefficient for large lists as other algorithms like binary search require fewer comparisons.
Sorting arranges elements in a list in a specified order. There are two categories of sorting: internal sorting, where all data fits in memory, and external sorting, where data exceeds memory. Common sorting algorithms include insertion sort and selection sort. Insertion sort iterates through a list and inserts each element in its sorted position, having O(n2) time complexity in worst case. Selection sort selects the minimum element and places it at the front on each pass, also with O(n2) worst case time complexity.
This document describes a cloud-based business management system integrated with ERP. It allows users to manage clients, business operations, CRM, POS, accounts, HRMS, inventory, and payroll from any device via the internet. The system provides features like communication management, order management, inspection management, reporting, and integrates key business processes for end-to-end workflow management. It offers benefits like easy setup, accessibility from any device, automated reports, and scalability for growing businesses.
"Cloud-Hospital" is an online Oracle Cloud based Hospital Management System to manage patients & hospital related all tasks with integrated ERP.
> Hospital Management
--- Admission, Billing and Discharge Management
--- Doctor Booking and Queue Management (Online & Offline)
--- Patient Treatment (Indoor & Outdoor)
--- Pharmacy Management
--- Lab Management (Online Booking with Pre-requisite Instruction)
--- Canteen Management
--- OT Management
--- Online Patient Treatment
> HRMS
> Accounts
> Payroll
Through the Hospital ERP system patient's treatment and testing records are kept for future reference.
Billing are integrated with the department of Lab, Indoor Treatment, Pharmacy, Canteen, OT etc.
Payment deposits, due payment notification are sent to client's mobile via SMS. Using online portal, patient can be able to view treatment and testing result using hospital ID and password.
Billing are integrated with the department of Lab, Indoor Treatment, Pharmacy, Canteen, OT etc.
Patient can view Treatment & Billing Details and get Online Post-Treatment Suggestions.
Also you can get Interactive business report generation in 360 degree anytime using Smart Phone, Tab, Laptop, PC via Internet.
Your Business data will be 100% secured & Fully Unicode supported.
Cloud HRMS (Human Resourse Managemnet System) is an An online Oracle cloud based Human Resource Management System integrated with fingerprint attendance machine.
Through this system you can Instantly get perfect and error free office attendance by fingerprint.
System generated report can be sent to top management on time.
Task record, leave, attendance, employee status, meeting schedule, resource requisition, car requisition, leave projection information will help to make perfect decision for top management.
Smart office communication anytime using Smart Phone, Tab, Laptop, PC via Internet.
Your Business data will be 100% secured & Fully Unicode supported.
Cloud-HRMS is integrated with sub-modules like -
> Employee Records
> Fingerprint Attendance
> Leave Management
> Conveyance & Requisition
> Medical Allowance
> Overtime & Duty Roster
> Loan/Advanced
> Visitors Records
> Holiday Schedule
> Task Management
> Transport Schedule Management
> SMS & Email Communication (To Reporting Person)
Cloud Payroll is an An online Oracle cloud based Employee Payment System integrated with Accounts & HRMS.
Through this system you can :
> Set Pay Items like Basic, Medical, House Rent, Provident Fund, Transport Allowance etc.
> Create Employee’s salary sheet.
> Print Pay Slip and provide payment.
> Payment reflects on account module
> Generate ledger for each employee like bank statement.
> After salary disbursement employee will notify via SMS/email.
> Provident fund calculation of employee contribution.
> Generate Bank Account transfer request letter.
> Online submission of Loan Application.
> System generated report can be sent to top management on time.
Task record, leave, attendance, employee status, meeting schedule, resource requisition, car requisition, leave projection information will help to make perfect decision for top management.
Smart office communication anytime using Smart Phone, Tab, Laptop, PC via Internet.
Your Business data will be 100% secured & Fully Unicode supported.
This system is Suitable for any type of business company who has sound number of Employees, Overtime Calculation, Advance Salary/Loan provision, Provident Fund .
What we do:
We provide Cloud based SaaS software: Cloud-HRMS, TradePlus, Cloud-Payroll, Cloud-Accounts, Cloud-CRM, Cloud-Hospital ERP, Cloud-Garments/Manufacturing ERP, Cloud-MLM Software, Cloud-Inventory, Cloud-Hotel.
We design, develop and maintain cloud based business software in oracle cloud environment for running your company with minimal IT infrastructure costs hence allowing you to focus growing your company in other key areas.
Our Focus:
Our mission and vision is to provide solution for them who want to invest fewer amounts but want to enjoy latest technology benefit with installment basis payment.
Who we are:
Cloud Solution Ltd. (CSL) is a Canadian-Bangladeshi joint venture company. It is one of the leading vendors of cloud computing software for business management. CSL has experience since 2007 at national and international projects with successful track records to develop and deploy big national level databases like Bangladesh Police, UNFPA, Khuene-Nagel.
Technology we use:
We are focused only on Oracle Apex technology (on premise or oracle cloud environment) that is robust, secured and salable as client wants.
Mobile based Accounting and Business Management SystemAshim Sikder
Mobile Based Accounting System, Mobile Based Point of Sale (POS). You can manage personal or company accounting from mobile phone (http://m.cloud-aps.com). Company owner or manager can review his/her company accounting information from any where using mobile or tab device
Accounting is very easy to understand. This tutorial is design for them who does not know about accounting or has limited accounting knowledge. We have described it with hands on example. After viewing this students or business man can understand how reports look like and what important information can bring by structural accounting system. At the end we have shown, how to generate reports using accounting software.
Online cloud academy management software featuresAshim Sikder
This document provides an overview and instructions for using an online cloud academy management software. The software allows schools to manage student and teacher attendance and records, class schedules, exam schedules, marks and grades, payment details, and more. It can be accessed through any web browser by going to the website and logging in. New schools can sign up to access the administrative modules and manage users, security, and settings for the cloud-based software from a central control panel. The document outlines the various reports, outputs, and features available in the academy management software.
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Online Cloud based Accounting Software for Personal or Small BusinessAshim Sikder
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Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
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hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
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Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
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In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
2. Project Presentation
On
Efficiency of sorting algorithms
Course No: 490
Session: 2001- 2002
Class Roll No: Jn-262
Registration No: 3293/1997-1998
Supervised by: Dr. Amal Krishna Halder
3. What is sorting algorithms
• The word Sort refer to arrange the records
according order which may be ascending order
or descending order.
• The word Algorithm refer to technique or
process of sorting the records.
4. What we have done
• Review various sorting algorithms with the help of
Internet, Library books and our project guide.
• Implement the algorithms by a well known programming
language C/C++ and test it for various data.
• We contribute something new algorithm structure in the
sorting algorithm literature.
• We analyzed comparatively and try to find efficiency
among them.
• We try to make a Conclusion about the efficiency of
sorting algorithms.
5. Why we choose sorting algorithms
• There are many reasons why sorting algorithms is of
• Computer can perform million/billion time faster
interest to computer scientists and mathematicians.
operations than human. As for example, to find a specific
data among billion of data computer will take few
• seconds.
Some algorithms are easy to implement, some algorithms
take advantage of particular computer architectures, and
• some fast computer search a dataclever. Someits very
How algorithms are particularly depends on are
efficient in every stage, some are inefficient for a
processing power. Processing power depends on
particular size and type of data. to search a specific data
processing technique. It is easy
if it has been sorted earlier. So sorting takes very
• important role for searching data. find out the efficiency
In our project, our main aim is to
of various types of sorting algorithm.
6. Type of sorting
• Internal: if the records that it is sorting are in
main memory. e.g. Bubble, Quick, Shell etc.
• External: if the records that it is sorting are with
the help of auxiliary storage. e.g. Radix, Merge,
Tri-merge(newly proposed)
7. A sort also can classified as:
• Recursive: if recursive function (the function
which calls itself in the function) is used .
e.g. Merge, Quick, Tri-merge(newly proposed)
etc.
• Non-recursive: if it is not used recursive
function e.g. Bubble, Insertion, Shell etc.
8. Overview
• After reviewing various sorting algorithm we
choose some commonly used sorting algorithm
that will be listed afterwards.
• For each algorithm we try to describe
derivation and algorithm with the same
example for clear understand.
10. A new approach for sorting algorithm
literature
• Reviewing various sorting algorithm our knowledge has
been enriched. We try to work with ternary tree structure
for sorting algorithm where as generally used binary tree
structure.
• After facing many problem finally we able to construct a
successful sorting algorithm which probed to be more
efficient than binary one.
• Since it uses ternary tree structure and merging technique
we named it Tri-merge Sort.
• As far as our knowledge goes, this ternary tree structure
has not yet been used for sorting algorithm.
11. Problem faced
• At first we faced the problem that if data size can be
expressed as 3 i (i=1,2…k) then it works properly
because it splits equally and merge without missing
• But if data size is not an exact multiple of 3 then it
cannot be split equally and cannot merge from three
files recursively.
• We fixed the problem by ensuring that data will be
split recursively until 1 or 2 data remain. This last step
is treated individually without recursive call and will be
sort among themselves.
12. Tri-merge Sort
Formulation:
Tri-merge is a new proposed technique for sorting
data. It uses the attractive features of the sorting methods
as like of merge sorting. Tri-merge uses ternary tree
structure and recursive function.
The procedure of Tri-merge sort is completed in
two phases:
Phase-1: Split in to 3 parts recursively.
Phase-2: Merge to 1 part from 3 ordered parts recursively.
13. Phase-1: Split
• In this stage total data of the given list split into
3 parts.
• Each part consequently split 3 parts recursively
until 1 or 2 elements remain.
• When two data remain in a part they are sorted
among themselves.
• The split procedure will be shown afterward by
animation.
14. Phase-2: Merge
• In this phase every 3 split parts become 1 part
and are sorted among themselves.
• This process continues until all data become
one part and finally we get completely sorted
data.
• The merge procedure will be shown afterward
by animation.
15. Splitting Recursively
8 5 2 7 1 3 9 2 6
Split to 3 parts Recursively until 1 or 2 data remain
8 5 2 7 1 3 9 2 6
8 5 2 7 1 3 9 2 6
16. Merging Recursively
8 5 2 7 1 3 9 2 6
2 5 8 1 3 7 2 6 9
Compare first element from three files and find smallest one
Which will be merge to final 3 Sorted files tohere..
Final Merge From list as like describing 1 Sorted file
This process will be continue
until all data are merged
1 2 2 3 5 6 7 8 9
Now we get sorted list
17. Tri-mergeSort( a[L,....,R], L, R )
{ n=R-L+1 (number of element calculated from index position)
IF (n>2) THEN
{
m1 = n/3 (First midpoint)
m2 = 2*m1 (Second midpoint)
Tri-mergeSort ( a[L,….,m1], L, m1 )
Algorithm of Tri-merge sort
Tri-mergeSort ( a[m1+1,….,m2], m1+1, m2 )
Tri-mergeSort ( a[m2+1,….,R], m2+1, R )
Tri-merge ( a[L,….,R], L, m1+1, m2+1, R )
} in
ELSE IF (n = 2) THEN
{
Structural PseudoCode
IF ( a[L] > a[R] )
{
temp = a[L]
a[L] = a[R]
a[R] = temp
}
}
}
18. Tri-merge ( a[L,….,R], L, m1, m2, R)
{ part1 = a[L,…,m1-1]; part2 = a[m1,…,m2-1]; part3 = a[m2,…,R]
TempArray[L,…,R]; n = R-L+1
IF ( n > 2 )
{ WHILE( part1, part2 and part3 has elements )
Comparing from 3 parts find minimum and set to TempArray.
WHILE( part1 and part2 has elements )
Comparing from 2 parts find minimum and set to TempArray.
WHILE( part2 and part3 has elements )
Comparing from 2 parts find minimum and set to TempArray.
WHILE( part1 and part3 has elements )
Comparing from 2 parts find minimum and set to TempArray.
WHILE( part1 has elements )
set to TempArray.
WHILE( part2 has elements )
set to TempArray.
WHILE (part3 has elements)
set to TempArray.
}
RETURN TempArray
}
19. void TriMergeSort( int a[], int L, int R, long int asscount[],long int comcount[])
{
int noOfEle=R-L+1;
int m1,m2,part,t;
comcount[0]++;
if(noOfEle>2)
{
part=(R-L+1)/3;
m1 = L+part-1;
Complete program of
m2 = L+2*part-1;
asscount[0]+=3;
Tri-merge Sort
TriMergeSort(a,L,m1,asscount,comcount);
TriMergeSort(a, m1+1,m2,asscount,comcount);
TriMergeSort(a, m2+1,R,asscount,comcount);
TriMerge(a,L,m1+1,m2+1,R,asscount,comcount);
}
else if(noOfEle==2)
{
comcount[0]+=2;
if(a[L]>a[R])
{
asscount[0]+=3;
t=a[L];
a[L]=a[R];
20.
21. Efficiency Analysis
Efficiency of sorting algorithm depends on the
following criteria:
• How quickly (how much time require) data is sorted.
CPU time depends on how many operation (assignment
and compare) count are required for the algorithm
• How they work for small data
• How they work for big data
• How they work for random data
• How they work for preordered, disordered data and so
on.
22. To achieve our goal we have try to do the
following task
Since efficiency (time) depends on number of operations
so we try to find out the total number of assignment and
compare operations involved.
• Input data is prepared as random order by C/C++
programming command.
• To get effect on number of operations for small and big
data we find out total number of operations for 50, 200,
400, 600, 800 data.
• We had a limitation to work with huge data (e.g. we have
used earlier version of C/C++ compiler, Limited
memory size of the computer.)
23. To achieve our goal we have try to do the
following task
For comparative analysis we arrange total number of
operation count in different table with different number
of data (e.g. 50, 200, 400, 600, 800) including 100%, 80%,
10%, random, totally disordered.
• To compare the result clearly we show them graphically
so that one can get the picture at a glance.
• Analyzing the obtained data we try to find out an
approximation function of operation count f(n), where n
is the number of data. To get the function we use the
technique of interpolation. This function is also serves
an indication about the efficiency of the algorithm.
31. Bubble Sort is a very slow way of sorting; its
main advantage is the simplicity of the
algorithm.
Insertion Sort is much efficient for ordered,
preordered and small data. For disorder and
large data its efficiency goes inversely.
Selection sort works nearly same for all types
(ordered, preordered, random, disordered) of
data. It is more efficient for small data than
large one.
Replacement sort is also a slow procedure as
bubble sort, it is not so efficient one.
Heap sort works well for disordered and data
than preordered data. It also works well for
big data.
32. Shell sort is more efficient for ordered data; it
also works very well for small data but very
slow for disordered data.
Radix sort is much more efficient than any
other sorting algorithm. It works well for all
types of ordered, disordered and random
data; basically it gives exactly the same
number of operations for all of those types.
In our observation
Quick sort is more efficient for random data. It
is bad for fully ordered and fully disordered
data.
Merge sort gives nearly same number of
operation for all types of data. It is more
efficient for big data.
Tri-merge sort gives much better result than the
merge sort, i.e. it is more efficient than
merge.
33. Ranking of sorting algorithm:
It is very difficult to make ranking order of sorting algorithm according to
their efficiency. Some works very well for small data and some well for big
data. Similarly some works well for preordered data some works well for
random data. After all we try to find out a general rank order for average
situation.
Radix sort
Quick sort
Heap sort
Tri-merge (newly proposed)
Merge sort
Shell sort
Insertion sort
Selection sort
Replacement sort
Bubble sort.
34. Sort
Bubble Inser Selec Replace Tri-
Heap Shell Radix Quick Merge
tion tion Ment merge
Type
Most Most Most Fairly Fairly
Algorithm Most Easy Easy Easy
Easy Hard Hard
Easy Hard
Hard Hard
Fairly Fairly Very Very
For Random Data Very Bad
Bad
Bad Fairly Bad Good
Good Good good
Good Good
Very Bad Fairly Very Very Very Very Fairly
For Ordered Data Good Bad
Bad Bad
Good Good bad Good
Good
Very Fairly Very Very
For Disordered Data Very Bad
Bad
Bad Bad Good
Good Good bad
Good Good
Very Very Fairly Fairly
For Small Data Very Bad Good Bad Very Bad Good Good
Good Good Good Good
Fairly Very
For Big Data Very Bad Bad Bad Vary Bad Good
Bad Good
Good Good Good
1.5* 28* 39* 5* 14* 36* 32*
2 2 n2 2 nLog10 n nLog10 n nLog10 n nLog10 n nLog10 n nLog10 n
Obtained Complexity 2* n n 1.7* n
Conclusion Table at a glance