The historical background of curriculum in the Philippines progressed through several periods: 1) Pre-Hispanic period had no formal schools, education was oral and practical to prepare children for community roles. 2) Spanish period established parochial schools to spread Christianity, though education was limited. The 1863 decree required primary schools in major towns. Problems included limited curriculum and discrimination against Filipinos. 3) American period established a public school system with free education and teacher training. The University of the Philippines was created in 1908. Curriculum and educational policies continued developing through this period.

1. Historical
Background of
Curriculum in the
Philippines
HANEY C. SERENIO BSED-ENGLISH 2

2. Curriculum development is the process of
selecting, organizing, executing and evaluating
learning experiences on the basis of the needs,
abilities, and interests of learners and the nature
of the society or community. The motives of
curriculum development are Religious, Political,
Utilitarian, for mass education and for
excellence in education.
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3. 1. PRE-HISPANIC

4. PRE-HISPANIC PERIOD
➢ In the Pre-Hispanic Filipinos had no formal
schools. Education was oral, practical and
hands-on. The objective of education during this
period was to prepare children to become good
husbands and wives as well as to become
productive members of the community.
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5. 2. SPANISH PERIOD

6.  the friars established
parochial school in
accordance with the
primary goal of colonial
education to spread
Christianity throughout
the archipelago.
Education during the
period was privileged
only to Spanish students.
SPANISH PERIOD
 The Educational Decree
of 1863 was
implemented in the
colony which required the
establishment of one
primary school for boys
and one for girls in each
of the major town in the
country.
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7. SPANISH PERIOD
➢ The problems in Education during the Spanish
Period are the absence of government
supervision, over-emphasis on religion, limited
and irrelevant curriculum, obsolete teaching
methods, poor classroom facilities, inadequate
instructional materials, discrimination against
Filipino students and absence of academic
freedom.
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8. 3. AMERICAN
PERIOD

9. AMERICAN PERIOD
➢
➢
➢
The education was used as an instrument to pacify the
natives and eventually colonizing the island.
The Taft Commission Act No. 74 established the Philippine
public-school system for free education and teacher
training. Recruitment of US teacher and abolition of
compulsory religious instruction.
On August 23, 1901, the first group of American Teachers
arrived in Manila through the Thomas ship.
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10. AMERICAN PERIOD
➢
➢
➢
University of the Philippines was created in 1908 by the Act
No. 1870 by the Philippine Commission and the Philippine
Assembly.
President Quezon created the National Council of
Education in 1936 as an advisory body on educational
matters.
In the 1983, the National Assembly enacted a law
providing for the establishment of national vocational
schools in different parts of the country.
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11. AMERICAN PERIOD
➢
➢
The National Language was a made a compulsory subject
in all schools in the beginning of school year 1940-1941.
President Quezon issued his famous Code of Ethics which
was required to be taught in all schools.
Educational Act of 1940 reduced the elementary levels
from 7 years to 6 years. The minimum age for Grade 1 was
raised to 7. School starts from July to April.
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12. 4. JAPANESE
PERIOD

13. 

January 3, 1942- The Japanese
Military Administration issued a
proclamation order No. 2 in
1942 which contained the 6
basic principles of Japanese
education in the country.
June 1942- Schools were
reopened and The Philippine
Executive Commission
established the Commission of
Education, Health and Public
Welfare.
JAPANESE PERIOD


October 14, 1943, the Japanese-
sponsored Republic created the Ministry
of Education. The curriculum then
changed during the Japanese period.
They banned the singing of American
songs and Nihongo was used as means
of introducing and cultivating love for
Japanese culture. Department of
Instruction became Department of
Education. Regulation and supervision of
public and private schools belonged to
the Bureau of Public and Private Schools.
Integrated, nationalistic and democracy-
inspired educational system.iod.
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14. 5. MARTIAL LAW
PERIOD

15. MARTIAL LAW PERIOD
The Department of Education became the Department of
Education and Culture by the Proclamation 1081. P.D. No. 1397
changed it to Ministry of Education and Culture. Bilingual
education started 1974. Ministry of Education, Culture and
Sports was created by the Education Act of 1982 then it
became Department of Education, Culture and Sports in 1987
by Executive Order No. 117. CHED and TESDA was established.
Congressional Commission on Education (EDCOM).
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16. K to 12 Basic
Education
Curriculum

17. •
•
Republic Act 10533 also known as
“Enhanced Basic Education Act of
2013”
It encompasses at least one (1)
year of kindergarten education,
six (6) years of elementary
education and six (6) of
secondary education, in that
sequence.
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18. a. learner-centered
b. relevant, responsive and research-based
c. culture-sensitive
d. contextualized and global
e. uses pedagogical approaches that are constructivist,
inquiry-based, reflective, collaborative, and integrative
f. adheres to the principles and framework of MTB-MLE
g. uses spiral progression approach to ensure mastery of
knowledge and skills after each level
h. flexible enough to enable and allow schools to localize,
indigenize and enhance the same based on their respective
educational and social contexts.
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Secondary education includes four (4) years of junior high school and two (2) years of
senior high school. The standards of the curriculum: