The document discusses the historical background of education in the Philippines from pre-Hispanic times to the present. It covers the following periods: 1) Pre-Hispanic/pre-Spanish period where there was no formal schooling and learning occurred at home through oral traditions. 2) The Spanish period saw the establishment of parochial schools to teach Catholicism. Education was privileged to Spanish students. 3) During the American period, English became the medium of instruction and the public school system was established. 4) The Japanese period saw attempts to promote Japanese culture and language in schools. 5) Post-WWII brought a nationalistic education system and establishment of the Department of Education.

1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF

3. Development of Education
In the Philippines from
Pre-Hispanic to Present
Time

4. No formal schools
Learning began at home
Oral, practical hands on
The objectives was basically to
promote reverence for, and adoration
of Bathala respect for laws, customs,
and authorities represented by parents
and elders.
Pre-Hispanic And Pre-Spanish Period
Education

5. Education During the Spanish
Regime
Friars
 established parochial
schools linked with churches
to teach catechism to the
natives.
Religion
 was a compulsory subject at
all levels.

6.  Education was privileged to Spanish
students.
 19th Century - public education for the
natives.
 Educational Decree of 1863 -required
the establishment of one primary
school for girls and one for boy in each
major town of the country.
 Establishment of the normal school for
training of teachers.
 Spanish Language - medium of
instruction in all schools.

7. Philippine Revolution
 Illustrados - spread headed the
Propaganda movement.
 Curricular Reforms.
1. Secularization of education.
2. Instructions of Spanish.
3. Greater attention to natural science.
4. The design of a relevant curriculum.
5. Improvement of higher center of learning.
6. Improvement of educational system.

8. Education
 Priority during the Malolos Republic.
August 29, 1898
 Schools were re-opened by the Secretary
of the Interior.
Established:
 Free and compulsory primary education.
 Secondary of Education- Burgos Institute
in Malolos
 Tertiary Education- Literacy University in
the Philippines (October 1898)

9. American Period
 The American used education as a vehicle for
its program benevolent assimilation.
 Restore damaged school houses, build new
ones and conduct classes.
 American teachers infused their students the
spirit of democracy and progress as well as
fair play.
 January 1901 - The Taft Commission Act
No.74 established the Philippine public-
school system for free Education and
teacher training.

10. EDUCATION
 3 levels of Education during American
Period
 Elementary
 Secondary
 College
 English language
 Filipino Pensionados

11. Most Important Colleges during American Rule
Public School
 Philippine Normal
School
 University of the
Philippines
Private School
 Siliman University
 Centro Escolar de Señoritas
 PhiUniversityppine Women's
University

12.  Educational Act of 1901- Separation of
Church and State in education.
 Encourage Filipino in the field of teaching.
 Outstanding Filipino scholars were sent to
US to train as teachers.
 Government established Normal School
for future teachers.

13. Japanese Period
 January 3, 1942, the Japanese Military Administration issued
a proclamation order No.2 in 1942 which contained the 6
Basic principles which is:
1. Realization of New Order and promote friendly relations
between Japan and the Philippines to the farthest extent.
2. Foster a new Filipino culture based.
3. Endeavor to elevate the moral of people, giving up over
emphasis of materialism.
4. Diffusion of the Japanese language in the Philippines.
5. Promotion of VOCATIONAL course.
6. To inspire people with the spirit of love and labor.

14.  School calendar became longer
 No summer vacation for students
 Class size increased to 60
 Deleted anti-asian opinions, banned
the singing of Americans songs,
deleted american symbols, poems
and pictures.
 Nihongo as a mean of introducing
and cultivating love for Japanese
culture
 Social Studies

15. Take Note!
 American Reign for 300 years
 American 50 years
 Japanese about 4 years
 It is thus not surprising that despite the measure they had
Instituted, the Japanese failed to succeed in transforming
the values and attitudes of the people in line with their
vision of the New Order.
 A contributory factor was widely reported brutalities that
ushered in the Japanese occupation that the filipinos didt
not experience with the same degree during the American
period.

16. After World War ll
 In 1947, by the virtue of Executive Order
No. 94, the Department of Instruction
was changed to "Department of
Education". During this period, the
regulation and supervision of public and
private schools belonged to the Bureau of
Public and Private Schools.

17. EDUCATION AFTER 1940
 The objective of the Philippine Education was to
established "integrated, nationalistic, and
democracy- inspired educational system" included
the following:
 1. Inculcate moral and spiritual values inspired by
an abiding faith in God.
 2. To develop an enlighten, patriotic, useful and
upright citizenry in a democratic society.
 3. Conservation of national resources
 4. Perpetuation of our desirable values
 5. Promote the science, arts and letters.

18. Martial Law Period
 The Department of Education became the
Department of Education and Culture in 1972, the
Ministry of Education and Culture in 1978, and
with the Education Act of 1982, the Ministry of
Education, Culture, and Sports.
 A bilingual education scheme was established in
1974, requiring Filipino and English to be used in
schools.
 Science and math subjects as well as English
language and literature classes were taught in
English while the rest were taught in Filipino.

19.  The bilingual policy in education was reiterated in the 1987
Constitution of the Philippines.
 (EDCOM), Congress passed Republic Act 7722 and Republic Act 7796 in
1994, creating the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and the
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA). The
institute governing basic education was thus renamed in 2001 as the
Department of Education (DepEd).
 The quality of public school education is generally considered to have
declined since the post-war years, mainly due to insufficient funds. The
Department of Education aims to address the major problems affecting
public education by 2010.
From 1986 to the Present

20.  Private schools are able to offer better facilities
and education, but are also much more
expensive.
 There is a wide variety of private schools,
including all-boys’ and all-girls’ schools, religious
schools, non-sectarian schools, Chinese schools,
special schools, and international schools.
 Due to economic difficulties, there has been a
recent increase in the popularity of home
schooling and open universities in the
Philippines.

21. Enhance Basic Education Act of 2013 (K to 12)
 PRO'S OF K to 12
• At part with international 12 year basic education
• Pursue protective employment, entrepreneurship and higher
educational studies.
• Graduates is expected to be equipped with 21st century skills.
 CON'S OF K to 12
• See's as a burden for average Filipino family.
• It does not address the basic problems of education (classroom,
chairs, books etc.)

22. Bases of K to 12 Implementation
Mastery of basic competencies is
insufficient due to congested
curriculum.
Philippines is the only remaining
county in asia with a 10 year basic
education program.

23. The K to 12 Curriculum
 Learn-centered, inclusive and developmentally appropriate
 Relevant responsive and Reseach based.
 Culture sensitive
 Contextualized and global
 Use of pedagogical approaches that are constructivist, inquiry
based, reflective collaborative and integrative.
 Adhere the principle of MOTHER TOUGUE- BASED
MULTILINGUAL EDUCATION(MTB-MLE)

24. Curriculum Tracks
The students after going Senior High School can choose
among four tracks:
Academic
Technical-Vocational-
Livelyhood
Sports Track
Arts and Design Track

25. THANKS