The document provides an overview of the urinary system and its components. It describes the nephron as the functional unit of the kidney, including the glomerulus, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and loop of Henle. It also discusses podocytes forming filtration slits in the renal corpuscle and mesangial cells cleaning the filter. Finally, it briefly mentions the collecting ducts, ureter, and transitional epithelia of the urinary bladder.

1. Urinary system

2. Kidney overview

3. Kidney overview

4. Nephrons are the functional
unit of the kidney
• Nephron
– Glomerulus
– Proximal convoluted
tubule
– Loop of Henle
– Distal convoluted tubule
• Uriniferous Tubule
– Nephron
– Collecting tubule & duct

5. Cortical vs. juxtamedullary nephrons

6. Glomerulus

7. Renal corpuscle

8. Podocytes team up to make
filtration slits

9. Building an ultrafiltration barrier

10. Getting the scale correct, as might be
seen in an EM photograph

11. When a filter gets dirty it must be
cleaned- mesangial cells are the janitors

12. Renal corpuscle
Collecting tubule
Medullary ray
Proximal & distal
convoluted tubules

13. Proximal tubule cells

15. The thin limb of the loop of Henle

16. Thin limbs of the loop of Henle

17. Histologically the ascending thick limb & the
distal convoluted tubules are the same

18. Collecting tubule
Thick

19. Distal convoluted (shorter)

20. Glomerulus

24. Collecting tubules

25. Collecting tubules
How about
thick and
thin limbs

26. Collecting duct

27. Collecting ducts (of Bellini)

28. Ducts exiting at the area cribrosa on the papilla

29. Arteries, veins & lobes

30. More vasculature & lobules

31. Kidney capillaries

32. Large lobar artery entering
from medulla

33. Intermediate size arcuate at border
of cortex and medulla
Cortex with
Corpuscles &
Convoluted tubes
Medulla with
straight tubes

34. Interlobular
(running up in
middle of lobule
between corpuscles

35. Minor calyx

36. Transitional epithelia

37. Calyx epithelia
Dome cells

38. Ureter

39. Circular smooth
muscle
Longitudinal
smooth muscle

40. Dome cells

41. Urinary Bladder
Bundles
of
smooth
muscle
Dense irregular CT
Transitional
epithelium

42. Transitional epithelia changes depending
on how full the urinary bladder is

43. Transitional epithelia membrane