1. The geography of Greece, with its mountains and coastline, contributed to the development of independent city-states and a sense of liberty among the Greeks. It also pushed the growth of maritime trade and colonization.
2. Athens developed as a center of democracy in the 5th century BCE under Cleisthenes and Pericles. All male citizens could participate directly in the assembly and jury courts.
3. Alexander the Great conquered the Persian Empire and much of Asia from 336-323 BCE through his innovative military tactics. His conquests spread Greek culture and political models across his vast empire.
A comprehensive presentation of the Ancient Greek Empire: first Olympic games, the Mediterranean colonies, the Persian Wars, the Parthenon, Agora, Socrates, etc
A comprehensive presentation of the Ancient Greek Empire: first Olympic games, the Mediterranean colonies, the Persian Wars, the Parthenon, Agora, Socrates, etc
Brief history of Ancient Greece 3650 BC to 146 BC. It includes the early civilizations, the Greek dark ages, Archaic Greece, Classical Greece and Hellenistic Greece.
Unit 7: Greco-Roman: Early Experiments in Participatory GovernmentBig History Project
Instead of rule by a single person, Athens and Rome developed governments with widespread participation by male elites, which lasted about 170 years in Athens and 480 years in Rome.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
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Third lecture for GNED 1202 (Texts and Ideas). It is a required general education course for all first-year students at Mount Royal University in Calgary, Canada. My version of the course is structured as a kind of Intro to Western Civilization style course.
Brief history of Ancient Greece 3650 BC to 146 BC. It includes the early civilizations, the Greek dark ages, Archaic Greece, Classical Greece and Hellenistic Greece.
Unit 7: Greco-Roman: Early Experiments in Participatory GovernmentBig History Project
Instead of rule by a single person, Athens and Rome developed governments with widespread participation by male elites, which lasted about 170 years in Athens and 480 years in Rome.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Introduction to Western Humanities - 3 - Homer and the Bronze AgeRandy Connolly
Third lecture for GNED 1202 (Texts and Ideas). It is a required general education course for all first-year students at Mount Royal University in Calgary, Canada. My version of the course is structured as a kind of Intro to Western Civilization style course.
Art and Culture - 02 - Bronze Age OverviewRandy Connolly
Second module for GNED 1201 (Aesthetic Experience and Ideas). This one covers the early Bronze Age historical and cultural context, from the beginnings of urban culture in Mesopotamia up to the Assyrians.
This course is a required general education course for all first-year students at Mount Royal University in Calgary, Canada. My version of the course is structured as a kind of Art History and Culture course. Some of the content overlaps with my other Gen Ed course.
The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of bronze, proto-writing, and other early features of urban civilization.
The Bronze Age is the second principal period of the three-age Stone-Bronze-Iron system, as proposed in modern times by Christian Jürgensen Thomsen, for classifying and studying ancient societies.
Greek Ancient Civilization(Greek Mythology)
Introduction:
Ancient Greece is often called the cradle of Western civilization. It is famous for its profound cultural achievements and historical influence on our modern world. From its philosophical ideas to its impressive architecture and arts, Ancient Greek civilization has left an indelible mark on our society. In this article, we will delve into the wonders of Ancient Greek civilization and explore its remarkable cultural achievements.
Overview of the Article contents
Language: The ancient Greek language is part of the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages, and it has several dialects
Philosophy: Ancient Greece is famous for its philosophical tradition, which began in the 6th century BCE with philosophers such as Thales, Pythagoras, and Heraclitus
Science: The Greeks made important contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine
Literature: Greek literature includes epic poetry, drama, and lyric poetry
Art and Architecture: The Greeks are renowned for their contributions to art and architecture
Religion: The Greeks worshipped many gods and goddesses, who were believed to reside on Mount Olympus.
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Athens Caryatid Greece
Historical Background
The early civilizations that influenced Ancient Greece;
Ancient Greece was a civilization that emerged in the eastern Mediterranean region around the 8th century BCE. However, before the emergence of Greece, there were many early civilizations that had an impact on its development. Here are some of the civilizations that influenced ancient Greece
The Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations
Minoan Civilization: The Minoan civilization was based on the island of Crete from around 2700 BCE to 1450 BCE. They were known for their advanced art and architecture, and their influence on ancient Greece can be seen in the architectural styles and frescoes used in the palaces of Mycenae and Tiryns.
Mycenaean Civilization: The Mycenaean civilization emerged in Greece around 1600 BCE and lasted until 1100 BCE. They were known for their military prowess and their influence on ancient Greece can be seen in the development of the Greek language and the spread of their religious beliefs.
http://infoarticles.co
whistoryclub.comAlexander the Great
The Dark Age Of Greek
The Dark Age of Greece, also known as the Greek Dark Ages, was a period of Greek history spanning from the end of the Mycenaean civilization in the 12th century BCE to the beginning of the Archaic period in the 8th century BCE. It is called the "Dark Age" because of the relative paucity of written records, which makes it difficult for historians to piece together a complete picture of what was happening during this time.
During the Dark Age, many of the major Mycenaean cities were destroyed, and the population declined significantly. There was a general breakdown of the economic and political systems
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13. Classical Greece 1. The Greek peninsula is predominantly a land of mountains ranging from 8000 to 10,000 feet that cover two-thirds of the region. Though there are no lofty peaks, the rugged ridges, cliffs, and gorges form natural barriers to intercourse. On the Peloponnesus , which would ultimately be dominated by Sparta , the mountain ranges shut off the east from the west and the northern coast from the southern. The rugged landscape means that plains are few, amounting to less than twenty percent of the land. Most of the plains are found in the river valleys where streams in the winter are usually raging, unnavigable torrents which remove valuable arable land that silts up the mouth making river harbors impossible. In the summer, the rivers usually dry up, transforming the beds into highways for travelers and commerce. The consequence of these geographic factors for the Greeks was a feeling of isolation. This, in turn, contributed to a sense of liberty and independence in the Greek communities. Rivalries, however, led to wars. 2. The compensation for the lack of navigable rivers is a coastline of deep gulfs and natural harbors. Maritime activity was natural since every point in the country has proximity to the sea (in most instances less than fifty miles). The numerous islands of the Aegean Sea permitted sailing to Asia Minor while always staying within sight of land. This enhanced the attraction of the Greeks to the sea. Thus, the Minoans of Crete and the mainland Mycenaeans could navigate the Aegean carrying with them both trade and culture. 3. The bare, rocky land of Greece lent itself to scrub trees and scant vegetation. Mostly stony and arid, the soil required intense labor and was better suited for crops of barley and millet than wheat. Imported grain, therefore, was a necessity. This condition did much to shape politics, particularly in Athens . The lack of sufficient food resources also contributed to the establishment of colonies. 4. In contrast to the Spartan territories of Messenia and Laconia that contained some of the best lands in Greece, the lands of Attica were poor and thin. Nevertheless, Athens was protected from invaders by a semicircle of mountains around Attica through which there were only three passes. The city, with its 300,000 people, sat on a broad, flat plain measuring nine by thirteen miles and was peppered with small farms. The high-quality clay found here served to create a pottery industry, providing Athens with one of its primary exports. In southern Attica were found deposits of lead, copper, and silver. 5. The zenith of the Minoan civilization on Crete was between 2000 and 1450 B.C.E. and featured an elaborate palace complex at Knossus that centered on a courtyard surrounded by private living rooms for the royal family as well as workshops and storerooms. About 1450 B.C.E. the Minoan civilization collapsed, perhaps due to a volcanic eruption on the island of Thera or an invasion of the Mycenaeans . The war-like Mycenaean society consisted of complexes at Mycenae , Pylos , Thebes , and Orchomenos . It was the Mycenaean king Agamemnon who attacked Troy about 1250 B.C.E. Questions: 1. What impact did geography have on developing Greek values? 2. What effect did geography have upon the development of Athens? 3. How does geography contribute to the structure of Sparta?
24. World of the Hellenistic Kingdoms The World of the Hellenistic Monarchs 1. Unlike the other Hellenistic kings, the Ptolemies in Egypt were not city builders and made little effort to spread Greek culture. In the second century B.C. the Greeks and Egyptians began to intermarry with each adopting the language and customs of the other thereby creating a Greco-Egyptian culture. 2. In order to attract Greeks, the far ranging Selucid Empire established many cities and military colonies in Mesopotamia. Although the Selucids had no apparent plan for Hellenizing the population, the arrival of so many Greeks must have had an impact. Especially important in the Hellenizing process had to be the military colonies located near native villages. 3. The great wealth Alexander found in the Persian capitals was used to finance the creation of new cities, building roads, and modernizing harbors. 4. Contact with India by sea was established by the Ptolemies who learned to utilize the monsoon winds. This route further stimulated the exchange of ideas and goods. The commerce came by sea into the Persian Gulf , up the Tigris to Seleucia . From Seleucia , the trade would move by caravan to Antioch and Ephesus on the west coast of Asia Minor. By land, the trip from the Indus to Seleucia took forty days and from Seleucia to the Mediterranean another fifteen. The longer alternate southern route wound its way by sea along the coast from India , around Arabia , and up the Red Sea . Goods would be transferred by caravan to the Nile and floated down to Alexandria and the Mediterranean . 5. The Hellenistic Age marked a shift in the center of eastern Mediterranean trade from Athens to Corinth and the new cities of Egypt and Asia. The Black Sea's commercial importance was reduced due to the Gallic and Scythian invasions. 6. The despotism of Hellenistic kingdoms was countered by a city-state federalism established by the Aetolian League (stretching across central Greece and parts of the Peloponnesus) and the Aechean League (including much of the Peloponnesus). These confederations were national unions in the modern sense. Questions: 1. After the breakup of Alexander's empire, how did the new kingdoms approach their political organization? How was it different from the polis? 2. How did trade contribute to the development of the Hellenistic Age?