Ancient greece – the classical age
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Classical Greece spanned from 500-336 BC and was divided into city-states. Athens reached its political and cultural height under the democratic leadership of Pericles. Athens' government consisted of citizens who attended the Assembly to make laws and decisions. Sparta had a different government ruled by two kings and ephors. During this time, Greece produced great literature, philosophy, drama, and art. Athenian democracy and rational thinking developed.
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Ancient Greece lasted from around 800 BC to 600 AD and included the Classical period from the 5th to 4th centuries BC. Greece has a mountainous landscape and was dominated by city-states along the coast. The economy used coinage and most citizens were middle class, with a small upper class and slaves at the bottom. Society was patriarchal and religion centered around major gods. Art, architecture, and philosophy flourished during this period.
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The document provides information on ancient Greece, including details about various city-states and aspects of Greek culture. Key points include:
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The document provides information on Ancient Greece from 750-336 BCE. It describes the Archaic Period which saw the rise of literature, trade, colonization, and the Olympic Games. City-states like Athens and Sparta gained prominence. Classical Greece saw the dominance of Athens and construction of landmarks like the Parthenon. Athenian democracy developed under Solon and Cleisthenes, establishing systems like the Council of 500, Assembly, and Courts where citizens participated directly in governance. However, democracy at the time was not fully inclusive or representative.
GreekPolisImproved
The document describes the political systems and society of ancient Greek city-states (polis) between 750-500 BCE. It discusses that the polis were small, independent city-states that included the city, surrounding countryside, and sometimes nearby towns. Athens and Sparta are highlighted as having contrasting political systems and values - Athens emphasized education and developed direct democracy, while Sparta focused on military strength and an oligarchic system. The document traces the political evolution in Athens from aristocratic rule to reforms establishing representative democracy and eventually direct democracy under Clisthenes. Citizenship and duties also varied between polis.
Roots of Democracy Notes
This document provides an overview of the roots of democracy in ancient Greece and Rome. It begins with notes on Athens in ancient Greece, which originated as a monarchy but later transitioned to a direct democracy under the reforms of Cleisthenes. All male citizens were able to participate directly in the Assembly and help make decisions. The document then discusses the origins and government of the Roman Republic, which was ruled by a combination of elected patrician Senators and Consuls, with checks and balances between the groups. Over time, plebeians gained more rights and representation in government as well. By the 1st century BC, Roman rule extended across the Mediterranean region.
Greek Ancient Civilization(Greek Mythology)
Greek Ancient Civilization(Greek Mythology)
Introduction:
Ancient Greece is often called the cradle of Western civilization. It is famous for its profound cultural achievements and historical influence on our modern world. From its philosophical ideas to its impressive architecture and arts, Ancient Greek civilization has left an indelible mark on our society. In this article, we will delve into the wonders of Ancient Greek civilization and explore its remarkable cultural achievements.
Overview of the Article contents
Language: The ancient Greek language is part of the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages, and it has several dialects
Philosophy: Ancient Greece is famous for its philosophical tradition, which began in the 6th century BCE with philosophers such as Thales, Pythagoras, and Heraclitus
Science: The Greeks made important contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine
Literature: Greek literature includes epic poetry, drama, and lyric poetry
Art and Architecture: The Greeks are renowned for their contributions to art and architecture
Religion: The Greeks worshipped many gods and goddesses, who were believed to reside on Mount Olympus.
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Athens Caryatid Greece
Historical Background
The early civilizations that influenced Ancient Greece;
Ancient Greece was a civilization that emerged in the eastern Mediterranean region around the 8th century BCE. However, before the emergence of Greece, there were many early civilizations that had an impact on its development. Here are some of the civilizations that influenced ancient Greece
The Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations
Minoan Civilization: The Minoan civilization was based on the island of Crete from around 2700 BCE to 1450 BCE. They were known for their advanced art and architecture, and their influence on ancient Greece can be seen in the architectural styles and frescoes used in the palaces of Mycenae and Tiryns.
Mycenaean Civilization: The Mycenaean civilization emerged in Greece around 1600 BCE and lasted until 1100 BCE. They were known for their military prowess and their influence on ancient Greece can be seen in the development of the Greek language and the spread of their religious beliefs.
http://infoarticles.co
whistoryclub.comAlexander the Great
The Dark Age Of Greek
The Dark Age of Greece, also known as the Greek Dark Ages, was a period of Greek history spanning from the end of the Mycenaean civilization in the 12th century BCE to the beginning of the Archaic period in the 8th century BCE. It is called the "Dark Age" because of the relative paucity of written records, which makes it difficult for historians to piece together a complete picture of what was happening during this time.
During the Dark Age, many of the major Mycenaean cities were destroyed, and the population declined significantly. There was a general breakdown of the economic and political systems
Greek political life
Greek city-states like Athens and Sparta developed their own distinct political systems and cultures between 800 BC to 300 BC. Athens established a direct democracy with participation from citizens, while Sparta developed a powerful military state dominated by its warrior class. These city-states laid the foundations of Western civilization through advances in philosophy, drama, architecture and other cultural achievements that spread Greek influence throughout the Mediterranean world.
Supplemental government reading 2012
The document provides details on Athenian democracy and how it functioned. Some key points:
1) Athenian democracy was limited to adult male citizens and excluded many groups like women, foreigners, and slaves. Around 1/5 of Attica's population had citizenship rights.
2) Citizens participated directly in the ecclesia (assembly) and boule (council), and served on juries and in local and national offices by lot, providing many citizens experience in government.
3) While not fully democratic by modern standards due to exclusions, Athenian democracy developed innovations like selection by lot and rotation in office to prevent domination and encourage participation.
Exploring The Four Ancient Civilizations- Mesopotamia,...
Niccolo Machiavelli wrote The Prince to advise rulers on how to gain and maintain political power. He argues that it is better for a ruler to be feared than loved by the people, as love is unstable while fear relies on the ruler's strength. Machiavelli asserts that a prudent ruler cannot and should not honor his word when it is no longer useful or threatens his security, as the goals of a ruler are to maintain control and the well-being of the state above all else. He believes a ruler must know how to use both humanity and cruelty depending on the needs of the time in order to effectively govern.
The city states of greece
The ancient Greek city-states of Sparta and Athens emerged as centers of power due to the mountainous geography of Greece. Sparta developed a strict military society ruled by kings and elders, while Athens gradually transitioned to a democratic system where male citizens could directly participate in governing. Under the leadership of Pericles, Athenian democracy broadened further and Athens became a cultural center, though democracy was still limited. The Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta weakened both cities and marked the decline of Greek dominance. Key Greek contributions to political thought included concepts of direct democracy, participation of citizens in government, and separation of governmental powers.
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece developed along the Mediterranean coast and islands between 3000 BC to 30 BC. The civilization was never unified but shared a common language, religion, and culture. City-states called poleis governed independent territories and included democratic Athens and military Sparta. Athens and Sparta vied for power during the Classical period, fighting the Persian Wars and Peloponnesian Wars. Alexander the Great then conquered Greece and spread Greek culture across his vast empire before it was divided after his death, ushering in the Hellenistic period until Roman domination by the 1st century BC.
Greek_Civilization_Athens_and_Sparta_Gov.ppt
Athens and Sparta were both independent city-states in ancient Greece that had different forms of government. Athens practiced direct democracy where all male citizens over 18 could participate in voting and governance through assemblies. Sparta was an oligarchy ruled by two kings and a council of elders composed of wealthy older men. While Athens had more participation of citizens in government, Sparta prioritized military strength and obedience.
Ss greek civilization2
Greek civilizations experienced a decline during the Dorian Age as Greeks identified less with their ancestral cultures and more with their local city-states. Around 750 BC, powerful city-state governments emerged across Greece as the fundamental political unit. City-states were typically small territories governed as oligarchies, aristocracies, or monarchies until democracy emerged in Athens in 461 BC.
Greek Polis
The Greek city-states known as poleis developed various forms of government from monarchy to democracy. Tyrants could gain power by seizing control with mercenaries but also support reforms benefiting citizens. In Athens, Solon's reforms reduced slavery and opened political offices to more citizens. However, aristocratic infighting continued until Cleisthenes fully established democracy, granting all male citizens equal political rights. Meanwhile, the Persian Empire posed a threat that would unite the Greeks.
Chapter 7
The geography of Greece, with its mountainous terrain and many islands, made transportation and unified government difficult. However, it also fostered Greek maritime skills and the establishment of independent city-states. Two major city-states, Athens and Sparta, developed different forms of government - Athens gradually developed a limited democracy while Sparta was a strict military state. These differences came to a head during the Persian Wars in the 5th century BC, when the Greek city-states united to defeat the invading Persian forces in key battles.
Ancient Greece World History
Greece's geography, with its mountainous terrain and proximity to the sea, influenced the development of trade and city-states. Early Greek civilizations like the Minoans and Mycenaeans engaged in seaborne trading. Later, Greeks founded autonomous city-states (polis) for protection and security. Athens emerged as the most powerful city-state during the Golden Age under the leadership of Pericles, establishing the world's first democratic system of government.
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1. The earliest recorded use of the term "democracy" was found in works from the 430s BC, though the concept was likely older.
2. Athenian democracy took the form of a direct democracy, where citizens could speak and vote in the legislative assembly. However, citizenship excluded women, slaves, foreigners, and males under 20 years old.
3. Sparta also had democratic elements, with a legislative assembly where male citizens over 20 could participate through acclamation voting. However, decision making was ultimately controlled by the Spartan elite.
WH Ch 4-2
The document discusses the polis, or city-state, as the central focus of Greek life. The polis served as a political, economic, and religious center, with an acropolis atop a hill and an agora below for assemblies and markets. City-states varied in population size and class structure. Spartan and Athenian society are then compared, with Sparta creating a strict military state and Athens transitioning to democracy under the reforms of Cleisthenes.
Ancient greece
Ancient Greece was a peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea around the size of Louisiana. It had a mountainous geography which led Greek city-states to develop independently and often fight each other. The Greeks invented many technologies like naval ships, aqueducts, cranes, and siege weapons out of necessity. Athens was a direct democracy where male citizens could vote on policies, though most of Greece was ruled by monarchs or oligarchies. Alexander the Great spread Greek culture and ideas throughout Asia after conquering the Persian Empire.
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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Ancient greece – the classical age
- 1. Ancient greece – The classical age ashleycolbert AN INTRODUCTION
- 2. Classical Greece – the times What is known as the classical period of ancient Greek history, occurred between about 500 B.C., when The Greeks began to come into conflict with the kingdom of Persia to The east, and the death of The Macedonian king and conqueror Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. In The period from 500-336 B.C. Greece was divided into small city states, each of which consisted of a city and its surrounding countryside's.
- 3. Politics In the classical period the city state of Athens reached its greatest political and cultural heights. The democratic system of Government was ‘born’ under the leadership of The Athenian statesman Pericles.
- 4. More politics Ancient Greeks belonged to their city-state, not the larger area Greece. Each person followed the political decisions of their city-state.
- 5. Athenian government Consisted of Athenian citizens. There was a council of 500 citizens that were willing to serve. They prepared matters for the Assembly to discuss. Also carried out the decisions of the Assembly. All citizens could attend the Assembly and have an input. The Assembly dealt with laws, finance, war and peace. People were elected to run the day-to-day affairs of the city. Each year, Ten Generals were elected as politicians as well as military leaders. Any male citizen was allowed to stand for election, as long as they had military experience. As Athens was at war so much they became very powerful. A Jury was required to hear all crimes except murder and decide the verdict and punishment. Murder was not heard because it was considered a religious crime and was tried by the Council of Nobles. 6000 citizens were elected to be a part of the jury and on the day of the trial a lot was selected.
- 6. Government of Sparta Was very different to Athens as a city-state. Was ruled by a small class of masters. Sparta was ruled by two kings. One who lead the army into battle, and one who stayed behind to help govern. The kings were included in The Council of Elders which acted as advisers to the kings and a law court for important cases. The council consisted of the two kings and 28 citizens aged over 60. The Ephors held the real power in Sparta. It consisted of five men that were elected each year and were responsible for law and order and supervised Spartan life. The Assembly of Citizens were a group of males over 30 that listened to the kings and ephors discuss an issue and then vote on the issue. The vote was won by the side that shouted the loudest. These issues would be discussed at a meeting once a month outside the city.
- 7. Besides all the war and fighting In the Classical period the Greeks produced great literature, poetry, philosophy, drama, and art. This was the time when the genre of history was first established. It also produced the institution we know of as Athenian democracy.
- 8. Greek values The Greeks stayed with their history and continued to put their religious faith into their Gods and the just actions that the Gods would perform and the attainment of virtue in the polis(city). This history helped to shape in their belief of the significance of the individual and rationalistic spirit. The classical Greek world was a skilful combination of these values.
- 9. culture Athens’ position lead to it becoming the main trade route from the Aegean which brought men and their ideas from everywhere to the great cultural centre. Athens economic initiative lead to the polis becoming quite wealthy, which Pericles distributed generously to the Athenian citizens through a variety of forms. One form was the sponsorship of the production of dramas.
- 10. References Slide 1 picture - http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0210200/ancient_greece/athens2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0210200/ancient_greece/facts.htm&usg=__FaM01wx50EtNe-w6FFj5MAMPcP0=&h=313&w=534&sz=34&hl=en&start=5&zoom=1&tbnid=eh-1CE1ZDPCPvM:&tbnh=77&tbnw=132&ei=fU5LTpidGPDrmAWSzMSVCA&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dancient%2Bgreece%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DX%26rlz%3D1C1CHKB_en-GBAU430AU430%26ie%3DUTF-8%26tbm%3Disch%26prmd%3Divnsb&itbs=1