This study evaluated heterosis for yield and yield traits in bottle gourd hybrids. Twenty-eight F1 hybrids were evaluated along with eight parental lines. Heterosis over the mid-parent and standard check was estimated for 16 quantitative traits. Several hybrids showed significant positive heterosis for traits like fruit yield per vine, average fruit weight, and number of fruits per plant. The highest heterosis for fruit yield per vine was observed in the hybrid Aditi X PSPL, with 68.5% heterosis over the standard check. Positive heterosis was also observed for traits related to fruit quality and plant growth. The results identified hybrids with improved yield and suggest that heterosis breeding can help increase bottle g
Genetic studies of genotypic responses to water stress in upland cotton (Goss...INNS PUBNET
The present study was carried out to examine the potential in cotton germplasm for breeding water stress tolerant plant material, and understand the genetic basis of different morphological traits related to water stress tolerance. Portioned analysis of variance was employed to obtain good parents for this purposes. The parental genotypes MNH-512, Arizona-6218, CIM-482, MS-39, and NIAB-78 were crossed in complete diallel fashion and F0 seeds of 20 hybrids and five parents were planted in the field in randomized complete block design with three replications during 2010. Simple regression analysis of F1 data revealed that additive-dominance model was quite adequate for all morphological traits. The unit slope of regression lines number of bolls (b = 1.07 ± 9.14), boll weight (b = 0.99 ± 0.11), yield per plant (b = 0.96 ± 0.31), plant height (b = 1.10 ± 0.34), leaf area index (b = 0.82 ± 0.27), and ginning percentage (b = 1.01 ± 0.12) suggested that the epistatic component was absent in the inheritance of all characters studied. The result of various plant characters including seed yield showed drastic effects of water stress as compared with those assessed in non-stressed condition. Leaf area index in the analysis of variance suggested that additive variation was more important for the character. Narrow leaf varieties NIAB-78 and CIM-482 were water stress tolerant while varieties Arizona-6218, MNH-512 and MS-39 were broader leaf showing less resistant to water stress. The information derived from these studies may be used to develop drought tolerant cotton material that could give economic yield in water stressed conditions of cotton belt. Full articles at: http://innspubnet.blogspot.com/2016/08/diversity-and-distribution-of-anuran-in.html
Order of dominance for maturity traits in eight parents of bottle gourdDr. Mahesh Ghuge
The experiment was conducted to assess the performance of 28 bottle gourd hybrids and their 8 parental lines. Vr-Wr graphs were created to analyze the gene action for maturity traits. For days to first staminate flower, partial dominance was observed, with IC 093236 having dominant genes and Samrat and Aditi having recessive genes. For days to first pistilate flower and primary branches per plant, overdominance was observed. Node number of first staminate flowers showed partial dominance while node number of first pistilate flowers showed overdominance. The study provides insights into the gene actions and effects that will help in bottle gourd breeding programs.
Estimation of genetic variation for maturity traits in eight genotypes of bot...Dr. Mahesh Ghuge
The experimental material for the present study consisted of eight distinct
genotypes and important varieties collected from Indian Institute of
Vegetable Research. These were Samrat (P1 + Stranded variety), Aditi (P2),
Pusa Summer Prolific Long (P3), IC 093236 (P4), TC 092372 (P5), VRBG
100 (P6), VRBG VAR - 45 (P7) and VRBG 444 (P8). Additive (D)
component was lower in magnitude than dominance components of genetic
variation for all the maturity characters except node number of first
staminate flowers and node number of first pistilate flower which revealed
preponderance of both dominant and recessive component of variance.
Proportion of genes (H2/4H1) in the parents were less than 0.25 for all the
maturity traits except node number of first staminate flowers which showed
asymmetrical distribution of loci showing dominance in the inheritance of
these characters. The ratio of (4D H1)
1/2+F/(4D H1)
½
-F indicated the excess
of dominant as well as recessive genes among the parental strains for most
of the maturity characters.
The document discusses three methods for selecting pure lines from crosses in self-pollinated crops: pedigree method, bulk method, and single seed descent method.
The pedigree method involves selecting individual plants from segregating generations and tracking their offspring through generations until homozygosity is achieved. The bulk method involves growing segregating generations in bulk until homozygosity, then selecting individuals. The single seed descent method rapidly advances generations by growing only one seed per plant in each generation to achieve a random sample of homozygous lines.
Variability, heritability and genetic advance analysis for grain yield in riceIJERA Editor
Ten diverse genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were crossed in a diallel fashion to study variability , heritability and genetic advance for 12 quantitative characters . A considerable amount of variability (gcv) varied from 5.95 for no. of leaves per tiller to 17.40 for grain yield per plant and the estimates of pcv varied from 7.08 for days to 50% flowering to 17.49 for grain yield per plant. The heritability estimates ranged from 0.721 for total biological yield per plant to 1.000 for plant height . Since the heritability in broad sense was estimated , therefore . other parameters should also be considered for selecting the genotypes. The genetic advance varied from 0.71 for no. of leaves per tiller to 46.23 for no. of spikelets per panicle. High estimates of genetic advance was reported for plant height , days to maturity , days to 50% flowering and total biological yield per plant . However, high heritability estimates was associated with high predicted genetic advance for plant height , days to maturity ,days to 50% flowering and no. of spikelets per panicle. The situation is encouraging since selection based on these characters being of additive in nature , is likely to be more effective for their improvement. As such phenotypic selection for those traits is likely to be more effective for their improvement. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation were higher than those of genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits except plant height. High estimates of heritability and genetic advance were obtained for plant height , number of spikelets per panicle , days to 50 per cent flowering and days to maturity . These traits were mostly governed by additive gene action. And these characters are important for the breeder to construct selection indices.
Genetic Enhancement- Need for Genetic EnhancementKK CHANDEL
Journey From Wild to Domestication; Genetic Enhancement- Need for Genetic Enhancement; Genetic Enhancement in Pre Mendelian Era and 21st Century; Genetic Enhancement and Plant Breeding; Reasons For Failure in Genetic Enhancement; Sources of Genes/ Traits- Novel Genes For Quality
This document discusses mass selection, a method of plant breeding where individual plants are selected based on desirable phenotypes from a mixed population. Seeds from selected plants are then combined to grow the next generation. Mass selection can be used to improve self-pollinating or cross-pollinating crops. It has resulted in improved varieties of crops like bajra, yellow sarson, brown sarson, maize, desi cotton, and castor. While mass selection is simple and applicable to many crops, the improvements may be less than other methods and varieties developed have more genetic variation than pure lines.
Genetic studies of genotypic responses to water stress in upland cotton (Goss...INNS PUBNET
The present study was carried out to examine the potential in cotton germplasm for breeding water stress tolerant plant material, and understand the genetic basis of different morphological traits related to water stress tolerance. Portioned analysis of variance was employed to obtain good parents for this purposes. The parental genotypes MNH-512, Arizona-6218, CIM-482, MS-39, and NIAB-78 were crossed in complete diallel fashion and F0 seeds of 20 hybrids and five parents were planted in the field in randomized complete block design with three replications during 2010. Simple regression analysis of F1 data revealed that additive-dominance model was quite adequate for all morphological traits. The unit slope of regression lines number of bolls (b = 1.07 ± 9.14), boll weight (b = 0.99 ± 0.11), yield per plant (b = 0.96 ± 0.31), plant height (b = 1.10 ± 0.34), leaf area index (b = 0.82 ± 0.27), and ginning percentage (b = 1.01 ± 0.12) suggested that the epistatic component was absent in the inheritance of all characters studied. The result of various plant characters including seed yield showed drastic effects of water stress as compared with those assessed in non-stressed condition. Leaf area index in the analysis of variance suggested that additive variation was more important for the character. Narrow leaf varieties NIAB-78 and CIM-482 were water stress tolerant while varieties Arizona-6218, MNH-512 and MS-39 were broader leaf showing less resistant to water stress. The information derived from these studies may be used to develop drought tolerant cotton material that could give economic yield in water stressed conditions of cotton belt. Full articles at: http://innspubnet.blogspot.com/2016/08/diversity-and-distribution-of-anuran-in.html
Order of dominance for maturity traits in eight parents of bottle gourdDr. Mahesh Ghuge
The experiment was conducted to assess the performance of 28 bottle gourd hybrids and their 8 parental lines. Vr-Wr graphs were created to analyze the gene action for maturity traits. For days to first staminate flower, partial dominance was observed, with IC 093236 having dominant genes and Samrat and Aditi having recessive genes. For days to first pistilate flower and primary branches per plant, overdominance was observed. Node number of first staminate flowers showed partial dominance while node number of first pistilate flowers showed overdominance. The study provides insights into the gene actions and effects that will help in bottle gourd breeding programs.
Estimation of genetic variation for maturity traits in eight genotypes of bot...Dr. Mahesh Ghuge
The experimental material for the present study consisted of eight distinct
genotypes and important varieties collected from Indian Institute of
Vegetable Research. These were Samrat (P1 + Stranded variety), Aditi (P2),
Pusa Summer Prolific Long (P3), IC 093236 (P4), TC 092372 (P5), VRBG
100 (P6), VRBG VAR - 45 (P7) and VRBG 444 (P8). Additive (D)
component was lower in magnitude than dominance components of genetic
variation for all the maturity characters except node number of first
staminate flowers and node number of first pistilate flower which revealed
preponderance of both dominant and recessive component of variance.
Proportion of genes (H2/4H1) in the parents were less than 0.25 for all the
maturity traits except node number of first staminate flowers which showed
asymmetrical distribution of loci showing dominance in the inheritance of
these characters. The ratio of (4D H1)
1/2+F/(4D H1)
½
-F indicated the excess
of dominant as well as recessive genes among the parental strains for most
of the maturity characters.
The document discusses three methods for selecting pure lines from crosses in self-pollinated crops: pedigree method, bulk method, and single seed descent method.
The pedigree method involves selecting individual plants from segregating generations and tracking their offspring through generations until homozygosity is achieved. The bulk method involves growing segregating generations in bulk until homozygosity, then selecting individuals. The single seed descent method rapidly advances generations by growing only one seed per plant in each generation to achieve a random sample of homozygous lines.
Variability, heritability and genetic advance analysis for grain yield in riceIJERA Editor
Ten diverse genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were crossed in a diallel fashion to study variability , heritability and genetic advance for 12 quantitative characters . A considerable amount of variability (gcv) varied from 5.95 for no. of leaves per tiller to 17.40 for grain yield per plant and the estimates of pcv varied from 7.08 for days to 50% flowering to 17.49 for grain yield per plant. The heritability estimates ranged from 0.721 for total biological yield per plant to 1.000 for plant height . Since the heritability in broad sense was estimated , therefore . other parameters should also be considered for selecting the genotypes. The genetic advance varied from 0.71 for no. of leaves per tiller to 46.23 for no. of spikelets per panicle. High estimates of genetic advance was reported for plant height , days to maturity , days to 50% flowering and total biological yield per plant . However, high heritability estimates was associated with high predicted genetic advance for plant height , days to maturity ,days to 50% flowering and no. of spikelets per panicle. The situation is encouraging since selection based on these characters being of additive in nature , is likely to be more effective for their improvement. As such phenotypic selection for those traits is likely to be more effective for their improvement. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation were higher than those of genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits except plant height. High estimates of heritability and genetic advance were obtained for plant height , number of spikelets per panicle , days to 50 per cent flowering and days to maturity . These traits were mostly governed by additive gene action. And these characters are important for the breeder to construct selection indices.
Genetic Enhancement- Need for Genetic EnhancementKK CHANDEL
Journey From Wild to Domestication; Genetic Enhancement- Need for Genetic Enhancement; Genetic Enhancement in Pre Mendelian Era and 21st Century; Genetic Enhancement and Plant Breeding; Reasons For Failure in Genetic Enhancement; Sources of Genes/ Traits- Novel Genes For Quality
This document discusses mass selection, a method of plant breeding where individual plants are selected based on desirable phenotypes from a mixed population. Seeds from selected plants are then combined to grow the next generation. Mass selection can be used to improve self-pollinating or cross-pollinating crops. It has resulted in improved varieties of crops like bajra, yellow sarson, brown sarson, maize, desi cotton, and castor. While mass selection is simple and applicable to many crops, the improvements may be less than other methods and varieties developed have more genetic variation than pure lines.
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance Analysis in Upland Rice...Premier Publishers
The experiment was conducted to assess genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for yield and yield related traits in some upland rice genotypes. A total of 23 rice genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 at Pawe and Assosa. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among the genotypes for most of the traits at individual and across locations, and error variances of the two locations were homogenous for most of the traits including grain yield. Moreover, the genotypes showed wider variability for grain yield in the range between 3707-6241kg/ha, 4853-7282kg/ha and 4280-6761kg/ha at Pawe, Assosa and over locations, respectively. A relatively high (>20%) phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variations were estimated merely for number of unfilled grains per panicle. High heritability estimates (> 60%) were obtained for all of the traits, except plant height and Protein content. A relatively high genetic advance was obtained for traits like unfilled grains per panicle and fertile tiller per plant. Thus, this study revealed that there was higher genetic variability among the tested genotypes, which could be potentially exploited in future breeding programs.
1. The document discusses plant genetic resources and their utilization, covering topics such as the historical perspective on plant genetic resource conservation, importance of plant genetic resources, classification, centers of origin, exploration and collection, evaluation, conservation strategies, and the roles of organizations like NBPGR.
2. It notes that plant genetic resources are critical for agriculture as the backbone for developing new cultivars and stresses. It outlines India's rich diversity as a center of origin for many crops and importance conserving resources.
3. Methods of ex situ conservation like seed banks, plant banks, shoot tip cultures, and DNA banks are described as well as evaluation and the work of groups like NBPGR in India to collect, conserve,
Plant genetic resources their utilization and conservation in crop improvementNaveen Kumar
This document discusses plant genetic resources. It defines plant genetic resources as the genetic material in crop plants and their wild relatives. It notes that plant genetic resources include landraces, obsolete and modern cultivars, advanced breeding lines, wild relatives, and induced mutants. The document outlines the various components that make up plant genetic resources and strategies for conserving genetic resources both in and ex situ.
This ppt illustrate about various breeding method used in cross pollinated crops. best breeding methods available for cross pollinated crops. basic introduction of cross pollination mechanism.
This document provides details about a proposed study on genetic variability and diversity in okra. The study will analyze 30 okra genotypes to determine genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and path coefficients between yield and other traits. It will also assess genetic divergence among genotypes. The study aims to identify diverse parents for hybridization and develop superior genotypes. It will be conducted in 2021 at the Research Farm of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India using a randomized block design. Observations will be recorded for 12 traits related to plant growth, flowering, fruit characteristics and yield.
Inter specific hybridization to introduce useful genetic variability for pig...Vipin Pandey
Pulses occupy an important place in Indian agriculture. Within this protein-rich group of crops, red gram or pigeonpea occupies an important place among rainfed resource poor farmers because it provides quality food, fuel wood, broom and fodder.
Hybrids are plants that result from controlled cross-breeding of two different but specific varieties or breeding lines of the same species of plant. Wild species are important sources of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses as they have evolved to survive droughts, floods, extremes of temperature (heat/ cold) and have the capability to with stand damage by insect pests and diseases. Ten alleles reported unique to inter-specific derivatives of Cajanus cajan × C. scarabaeoides. The presence of alleles unique to specific population or group indicates an inimitable genetic variability at certain loci. This information is valuable to categorise interspecific hybrids with exclusive genetic variability, whose selection can increase the allele richness of breeding population (Saxena, 2015).
High levels of resistance is available in wild Cajanus species, these are not being utilised adequately in pigeonpea breeding programs. The major limitation is due to the linkage drag and different incompatibility barriers between cultivated and wild species. Under such situations, pre-breeding provides a unique opportunity to expand primary gene pool by exploiting genetic variability present in wild species and cultivated germplasm and will ensure continuous supply of new and useful genetic variability into the breeding pipelines to develop new cultivars having high levels of resistance and broad genetic base (Sharma et al., 2013). The major limitation in successfully using Cajanus platycarpus for the improvement of cultivated pigeonpeais embryo abortion in the BC1 generation from the cross C. Platycarpus × C. cajan. This Cajanus platycarpus, although placed in the tertiary gene pool of pigeonpea, is now amenable to gene transfer with the development of suitable embryo rescue techniques (Mallikarjuna et al., 2011).
Participatory Plant Breeding, Biodiversity, Genetic Resources, Gender and Cli...CIAT
This document discusses participatory plant breeding and biodiversity. It notes that biodiversity is key to food security but 75% of genetic diversity in agricultural crops has been lost. Participatory plant breeding is presented as a way to reconcile biodiversity and food security by involving farmers in plant breeding. It describes participatory plant breeding programs in many countries on various crops, including barley, lentils, wheat, and chickpeas. Benefits of participatory plant breeding include variety development, building institutional capacity, empowering farmers, enhancing biodiversity, and higher benefit-cost ratios compared to conventional breeding.
1) The document discusses pre-breeding in field crops using indigenous landraces to improve genetic diversity and introduce beneficial traits for crop improvement.
2) It notes the importance of landrace conservation and utilization in pre-breeding to broaden the genetic base of crops and transfer genes for traits like biotic/abiotic stress resistance from unadapted plant genetic resources.
3) The document outlines strategies for identifying beneficial landraces and wild relatives for use in pre-breeding, including evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic traits of interest.
The document reviews several studies on eggplant/aubergine variability, heritability, genetic diversity, and performance. One study identified high heritability and genetic advance for fruit and shoot borer infestation, branches, and yield in four interspecific crosses. Another found genetic variation among Ralstonia solanacearum strains isolated from eggplants in the Philippines. A third noted high phenotypic and genotypic variation for traits like fruit length and weight, indicating potential for selection-based improvement.
STUDY OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND YIELD ATRIBUTING CHARACTERS IN INDIGENOUS RICE (OR...Vipin Pandey
The present study was carried out to study ninety four rice accessions, along with checks, on the basis of sixteen
qualitative and twenty quantitative characters. Analysis of variance for quantitative characters showed differences for
different characters. High coefficient of variation in the entire genotypes was observed for grain yield per plant (27.4 %),
number of effective tillers per plant (22.37 %), test weight (21.14 %) and kernel length breadth ratio (20.59 %).
Correlation analysis revealed positive and highly significant correlation of total number of filled grains per panicle, total
number of grains per panicle, plant height and number of effective tiller per plant; harvest index, test weight, flag leaf
length and days to maturity had positive highly significant correlation with grain yield per plant. Principal Component
Analysis revealed, out of 20, only seven principal components (PCs) exhibited more than 1.00 eigen value, and showed
about 77.42 % variability among the traits studied. So, these 7 PCs were given due importance for further explanation.
Component matrix revealed that the PC1 was mostly related to quality characters while PC2, PC3, PC4, PC5, PC6 and
PC7 mostly associated with yield related traits. Cluster analysis performed by UPGMA method using Euclidean distance
as dissimilarity measure divided the 97 genotypes of rice into ten clusters. The cluster III constituted of 48 genotypes,
forming the largest cluster followed by cluster VI (22 genotypes), cluster V (10 genotypes), cluster II (5 genotypes) and
cluster VIII (4 genotypes), cluster I, IV and VII (two genotypes each), cluster IX and X had (only one genotypes each).
Quality analysis performed for 97 rice genotypes revealed wide range of genetic variability for most of the quality traits.
The document summarizes three plant breeding methods: bulk method, pedigree method, and line breeding.
The bulk method involves growing generations of plants in bulk and delaying selection until later generations, allowing natural selection to influence the population. The pedigree method involves maintaining detailed records on individual plants and their progeny over multiple generations to develop pure lines. Line breeding uses male sterile lines to facilitate hybrid seed production, including one-line approaches using apomixis, two-line approaches using genetic or cytoplasmic male sterility, and three-line approaches using cytoplasmic genetic male sterility.
DOI: 10.21276/ijlssr.2016.2.3.1
ABSTRACT- Genetic variability studied for eleven characters viz., number of leaves, branches, clusters, pods, pod
length (cm), seed per plant, plant height (cm), 100 seed weight (g), days to flower, maturity and yield per plant (g) in
group of forty two genotypes of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) revealed highly significant difference for all the
characters. High heritability not only guideline for breeding improvement must to associated with genetic advance
expressed a wide range of variability for all the traits. Heritability estimated and expected genetic advance were high
for number of leaves (95.46< 97.00), branches (45.85 > 14.00), clusters (89.45< 92.00), pods (92.84< 99.00), pod length
(88.94< 99.00), seeds per plant (92.20> 32.00), plant height (96.41< 106.00), 100 seed weight (99.22> 72.00), days to
flower (94.82 > 32.00), maturity (56.26> 13.00) and yield per plant (80.13 < 140.00) suggesting that these are more
useful traits for varietal improvement programme.
Key-words- French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Genetic Variability, Heritability, Phenotypic coefficient of variation,
Genotypic coefficient of variation
Gene introgression from wild relatives to cultivated plantsManjappa Ganiger
This document summarizes a seminar on using crop wild relatives to introduce beneficial genes into cultivated crops. It discusses how crop wild relatives contain genetic diversity that can provide traits like pest and disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, and improved yields. Specific examples are given of introducing disease resistance genes from wild relatives into tomatoes and rust resistance genes into wheat. The use of wild rice species to develop rice varieties with improved resistance to various diseases and insects is also described.
Generation Mean Analysis of Some Agronomic Traits in HB42xSabini Barley CrossPremier Publishers
This study investigated gene effects and interactions controlling agronomic traits in a barley cross between HB42 and Sabini cultivars. Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, BC2) were evaluated for days to heading, days to maturity, spike length, number of kernels per spike, thousand kernel weight, and grain yield per plant. Generation mean analysis showed significant differences among generations for all traits except grain yield. Heterosis estimates revealed the F1 had higher spike length and thousand kernel weight than both parents, but lower number of kernels per spike and grain yield, indicating negative heterosis. Scaling tests and genetic variance component analysis suggested non-additive gene effects like ep
Study of Genotypic and Phenotypic Correlation among 20 Accessions of Nigerian...IOSRJAVS
Morphological techniques were used to evaluate the diversity in 20 cowpea accessions collected from some parts of Nigeria for two years (2007 and 2008) at Ibadan, South Western Nigeria. Correlation analysis was employed to show the relationships among the traits. Similarly, genotypic and phenotypic variances, genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability and expected genetic advance were estimated for the twelve traits in cowpea for each season. This study shows that for cowpea yield improvement, number of main branches, pod numbers, pods per plant, pods per peduncle and seeds per pod should be part of the selection criteria.
1) A synthetic variety is developed by inter-crossing multiple good inbred lines and mixing their F1 seeds. It partially exploits heterosis through open pollination over generations.
2) Synthetic varieties are developed to exploit heterosis and additive gene effects. They have wider adaptability than hybrids due to genetic diversity.
3) A synthetic variety initially consists of many heterozygotes, but some homozygosity is fixed over generations through self-pollination. Later generations consist of both heterozygotes and homozygotes.
Clinicopathological changes induced by heat stress, their resolution by miner...IOSR Journals
This study evaluated genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Monech). Significant differences were found among genotypes for most traits studied. High genetic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for traits like number of branches and disease resistance. Heritability was high for traits like number of branches, fruit length, and days to maturity, indicating less environmental influence. Number of branches and days to maturity showed high heritability and genetic advance, suggesting these traits can be improved through selection. Traits with high genetic variation, heritability and advance can be selected for to develop new okra varieties with improved yield and disease resistance.
15. mass selection in cross pollinated cropsNaveen Kumar
This document discusses breeding methods for cross-pollinated crops. It describes 10 different breeding methods including mass selection, backcrossing, heterosis breeding, and transgenic breeding. It focuses on two main categories of breeding for cross-pollinated crops: population improvement and hybrid/synthetic varieties. Population improvement methods include mass selection and progeny testing methods like ear-to-row selection and recurrent selection. Mass selection involves selecting plants based on phenotype without progeny testing, while ear-to-row selection and recurrent selection do involve progeny testing over multiple generations.
Genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, genetic advance as percen...Premier Publishers
This document summarizes a study on the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, and character associations of 49 Ethiopian mustard landraces. The study found significant genetic variability among the accessions for all traits measured. Traits like seed yield, oil yield, and plant height showed high genotypic and phenotypic variation, indicating potential for selection. Heritability was highest for thousand seed weight, days to flowering, stand percent, and oil quality traits. Positive correlations were found between seed yield and traits like oil content, oil yield, plant height and seed yield per plant. Primary branches and oil yield showed direct positive effects on seed yield per plot. Seed yield, oil content, oil yield and primary branches were determined to be
Breeding methods in cross pollinated cropsANANDALEKSHMIL
This document provides an overview of plant breeding methods for cross-pollinated crops. It discusses mass selection, progeny selection, and recurrent selection as methods of population improvement. It also describes hybridization techniques like single cross hybrids, double cross hybrids, and three-way cross hybrids. The objectives of plant breeding are to improve traits like yield, quality, disease resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance. Plant breeding has significantly increased global food production through the development of superior crop varieties.
Heterosis studies for yield and yield contributing characters in blackgramNirmal Parde
The document summarizes a study on heterosis (hybrid vigor) in blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper). Seven blackgram varieties were crossed in a diallel mating design, producing 21 F1 crosses. The crosses were evaluated for yield and other agronomic traits. Several crosses showed significant heterosis over the mid and better parents for traits like plant height, pods per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield. The crosses AKU-9904 x NUL-7, AKU-9904 x BDU-1, and AKU-9904 x LBG-402 displayed the highest heterosis for seed yield as well as for components contributing to yield. These crosses can
Study on Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Correlation a...IJEABJ
The present investigation entitled “Studies on genetic variability in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)” was carried out at the UCOA, vegetable research farm, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda during rabi 2015-16 to evaluate tomato genotypes. The experiment was laid out in CRD with three replications. Total 20 genotypes including check cultivar were evaluated for horticultural Traits contributing yield and quality (suitable for processing) .There is a wide variability in different genotypes in tomato. Traits i.e. Number of primary branches per plant, Days to first fruit harvest, Plant height (cm),number of fruits per cluster, number fruits per plant, average fruit weight (gm), equatorial diameter of fruit (cm), polar diameter of fruit (cm), number of locules per fruit, pericarp thickness (mm), fruit pH, Fruit TSS (0brix), days to last fruit harvest and average yield per plant (kg) were studied during the investigation Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all the characters under study during the investigation. High Phenotypic and Genotypic coefficient of variation were detected for characters like number of fruits per plant, number of locules per fruit, pericarp thickness and average yield per plant. High heritability coupled with genetic gain were recorded for number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, number of locules per fruit and average yield per plant. Therefore these characters also show some scope for improvement through selection. A highly significant and positive phenotypic and genotypic correlation were found in number of fruits per cluster, plant height, number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight.
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance Analysis in Upland Rice...Premier Publishers
The experiment was conducted to assess genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for yield and yield related traits in some upland rice genotypes. A total of 23 rice genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 at Pawe and Assosa. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among the genotypes for most of the traits at individual and across locations, and error variances of the two locations were homogenous for most of the traits including grain yield. Moreover, the genotypes showed wider variability for grain yield in the range between 3707-6241kg/ha, 4853-7282kg/ha and 4280-6761kg/ha at Pawe, Assosa and over locations, respectively. A relatively high (>20%) phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variations were estimated merely for number of unfilled grains per panicle. High heritability estimates (> 60%) were obtained for all of the traits, except plant height and Protein content. A relatively high genetic advance was obtained for traits like unfilled grains per panicle and fertile tiller per plant. Thus, this study revealed that there was higher genetic variability among the tested genotypes, which could be potentially exploited in future breeding programs.
1. The document discusses plant genetic resources and their utilization, covering topics such as the historical perspective on plant genetic resource conservation, importance of plant genetic resources, classification, centers of origin, exploration and collection, evaluation, conservation strategies, and the roles of organizations like NBPGR.
2. It notes that plant genetic resources are critical for agriculture as the backbone for developing new cultivars and stresses. It outlines India's rich diversity as a center of origin for many crops and importance conserving resources.
3. Methods of ex situ conservation like seed banks, plant banks, shoot tip cultures, and DNA banks are described as well as evaluation and the work of groups like NBPGR in India to collect, conserve,
Plant genetic resources their utilization and conservation in crop improvementNaveen Kumar
This document discusses plant genetic resources. It defines plant genetic resources as the genetic material in crop plants and their wild relatives. It notes that plant genetic resources include landraces, obsolete and modern cultivars, advanced breeding lines, wild relatives, and induced mutants. The document outlines the various components that make up plant genetic resources and strategies for conserving genetic resources both in and ex situ.
This ppt illustrate about various breeding method used in cross pollinated crops. best breeding methods available for cross pollinated crops. basic introduction of cross pollination mechanism.
This document provides details about a proposed study on genetic variability and diversity in okra. The study will analyze 30 okra genotypes to determine genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and path coefficients between yield and other traits. It will also assess genetic divergence among genotypes. The study aims to identify diverse parents for hybridization and develop superior genotypes. It will be conducted in 2021 at the Research Farm of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India using a randomized block design. Observations will be recorded for 12 traits related to plant growth, flowering, fruit characteristics and yield.
Inter specific hybridization to introduce useful genetic variability for pig...Vipin Pandey
Pulses occupy an important place in Indian agriculture. Within this protein-rich group of crops, red gram or pigeonpea occupies an important place among rainfed resource poor farmers because it provides quality food, fuel wood, broom and fodder.
Hybrids are plants that result from controlled cross-breeding of two different but specific varieties or breeding lines of the same species of plant. Wild species are important sources of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses as they have evolved to survive droughts, floods, extremes of temperature (heat/ cold) and have the capability to with stand damage by insect pests and diseases. Ten alleles reported unique to inter-specific derivatives of Cajanus cajan × C. scarabaeoides. The presence of alleles unique to specific population or group indicates an inimitable genetic variability at certain loci. This information is valuable to categorise interspecific hybrids with exclusive genetic variability, whose selection can increase the allele richness of breeding population (Saxena, 2015).
High levels of resistance is available in wild Cajanus species, these are not being utilised adequately in pigeonpea breeding programs. The major limitation is due to the linkage drag and different incompatibility barriers between cultivated and wild species. Under such situations, pre-breeding provides a unique opportunity to expand primary gene pool by exploiting genetic variability present in wild species and cultivated germplasm and will ensure continuous supply of new and useful genetic variability into the breeding pipelines to develop new cultivars having high levels of resistance and broad genetic base (Sharma et al., 2013). The major limitation in successfully using Cajanus platycarpus for the improvement of cultivated pigeonpeais embryo abortion in the BC1 generation from the cross C. Platycarpus × C. cajan. This Cajanus platycarpus, although placed in the tertiary gene pool of pigeonpea, is now amenable to gene transfer with the development of suitable embryo rescue techniques (Mallikarjuna et al., 2011).
Participatory Plant Breeding, Biodiversity, Genetic Resources, Gender and Cli...CIAT
This document discusses participatory plant breeding and biodiversity. It notes that biodiversity is key to food security but 75% of genetic diversity in agricultural crops has been lost. Participatory plant breeding is presented as a way to reconcile biodiversity and food security by involving farmers in plant breeding. It describes participatory plant breeding programs in many countries on various crops, including barley, lentils, wheat, and chickpeas. Benefits of participatory plant breeding include variety development, building institutional capacity, empowering farmers, enhancing biodiversity, and higher benefit-cost ratios compared to conventional breeding.
1) The document discusses pre-breeding in field crops using indigenous landraces to improve genetic diversity and introduce beneficial traits for crop improvement.
2) It notes the importance of landrace conservation and utilization in pre-breeding to broaden the genetic base of crops and transfer genes for traits like biotic/abiotic stress resistance from unadapted plant genetic resources.
3) The document outlines strategies for identifying beneficial landraces and wild relatives for use in pre-breeding, including evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic traits of interest.
The document reviews several studies on eggplant/aubergine variability, heritability, genetic diversity, and performance. One study identified high heritability and genetic advance for fruit and shoot borer infestation, branches, and yield in four interspecific crosses. Another found genetic variation among Ralstonia solanacearum strains isolated from eggplants in the Philippines. A third noted high phenotypic and genotypic variation for traits like fruit length and weight, indicating potential for selection-based improvement.
STUDY OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND YIELD ATRIBUTING CHARACTERS IN INDIGENOUS RICE (OR...Vipin Pandey
The present study was carried out to study ninety four rice accessions, along with checks, on the basis of sixteen
qualitative and twenty quantitative characters. Analysis of variance for quantitative characters showed differences for
different characters. High coefficient of variation in the entire genotypes was observed for grain yield per plant (27.4 %),
number of effective tillers per plant (22.37 %), test weight (21.14 %) and kernel length breadth ratio (20.59 %).
Correlation analysis revealed positive and highly significant correlation of total number of filled grains per panicle, total
number of grains per panicle, plant height and number of effective tiller per plant; harvest index, test weight, flag leaf
length and days to maturity had positive highly significant correlation with grain yield per plant. Principal Component
Analysis revealed, out of 20, only seven principal components (PCs) exhibited more than 1.00 eigen value, and showed
about 77.42 % variability among the traits studied. So, these 7 PCs were given due importance for further explanation.
Component matrix revealed that the PC1 was mostly related to quality characters while PC2, PC3, PC4, PC5, PC6 and
PC7 mostly associated with yield related traits. Cluster analysis performed by UPGMA method using Euclidean distance
as dissimilarity measure divided the 97 genotypes of rice into ten clusters. The cluster III constituted of 48 genotypes,
forming the largest cluster followed by cluster VI (22 genotypes), cluster V (10 genotypes), cluster II (5 genotypes) and
cluster VIII (4 genotypes), cluster I, IV and VII (two genotypes each), cluster IX and X had (only one genotypes each).
Quality analysis performed for 97 rice genotypes revealed wide range of genetic variability for most of the quality traits.
The document summarizes three plant breeding methods: bulk method, pedigree method, and line breeding.
The bulk method involves growing generations of plants in bulk and delaying selection until later generations, allowing natural selection to influence the population. The pedigree method involves maintaining detailed records on individual plants and their progeny over multiple generations to develop pure lines. Line breeding uses male sterile lines to facilitate hybrid seed production, including one-line approaches using apomixis, two-line approaches using genetic or cytoplasmic male sterility, and three-line approaches using cytoplasmic genetic male sterility.
DOI: 10.21276/ijlssr.2016.2.3.1
ABSTRACT- Genetic variability studied for eleven characters viz., number of leaves, branches, clusters, pods, pod
length (cm), seed per plant, plant height (cm), 100 seed weight (g), days to flower, maturity and yield per plant (g) in
group of forty two genotypes of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) revealed highly significant difference for all the
characters. High heritability not only guideline for breeding improvement must to associated with genetic advance
expressed a wide range of variability for all the traits. Heritability estimated and expected genetic advance were high
for number of leaves (95.46< 97.00), branches (45.85 > 14.00), clusters (89.45< 92.00), pods (92.84< 99.00), pod length
(88.94< 99.00), seeds per plant (92.20> 32.00), plant height (96.41< 106.00), 100 seed weight (99.22> 72.00), days to
flower (94.82 > 32.00), maturity (56.26> 13.00) and yield per plant (80.13 < 140.00) suggesting that these are more
useful traits for varietal improvement programme.
Key-words- French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Genetic Variability, Heritability, Phenotypic coefficient of variation,
Genotypic coefficient of variation
Gene introgression from wild relatives to cultivated plantsManjappa Ganiger
This document summarizes a seminar on using crop wild relatives to introduce beneficial genes into cultivated crops. It discusses how crop wild relatives contain genetic diversity that can provide traits like pest and disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, and improved yields. Specific examples are given of introducing disease resistance genes from wild relatives into tomatoes and rust resistance genes into wheat. The use of wild rice species to develop rice varieties with improved resistance to various diseases and insects is also described.
Generation Mean Analysis of Some Agronomic Traits in HB42xSabini Barley CrossPremier Publishers
This study investigated gene effects and interactions controlling agronomic traits in a barley cross between HB42 and Sabini cultivars. Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, BC2) were evaluated for days to heading, days to maturity, spike length, number of kernels per spike, thousand kernel weight, and grain yield per plant. Generation mean analysis showed significant differences among generations for all traits except grain yield. Heterosis estimates revealed the F1 had higher spike length and thousand kernel weight than both parents, but lower number of kernels per spike and grain yield, indicating negative heterosis. Scaling tests and genetic variance component analysis suggested non-additive gene effects like ep
Study of Genotypic and Phenotypic Correlation among 20 Accessions of Nigerian...IOSRJAVS
Morphological techniques were used to evaluate the diversity in 20 cowpea accessions collected from some parts of Nigeria for two years (2007 and 2008) at Ibadan, South Western Nigeria. Correlation analysis was employed to show the relationships among the traits. Similarly, genotypic and phenotypic variances, genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability and expected genetic advance were estimated for the twelve traits in cowpea for each season. This study shows that for cowpea yield improvement, number of main branches, pod numbers, pods per plant, pods per peduncle and seeds per pod should be part of the selection criteria.
1) A synthetic variety is developed by inter-crossing multiple good inbred lines and mixing their F1 seeds. It partially exploits heterosis through open pollination over generations.
2) Synthetic varieties are developed to exploit heterosis and additive gene effects. They have wider adaptability than hybrids due to genetic diversity.
3) A synthetic variety initially consists of many heterozygotes, but some homozygosity is fixed over generations through self-pollination. Later generations consist of both heterozygotes and homozygotes.
Clinicopathological changes induced by heat stress, their resolution by miner...IOSR Journals
This study evaluated genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Monech). Significant differences were found among genotypes for most traits studied. High genetic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for traits like number of branches and disease resistance. Heritability was high for traits like number of branches, fruit length, and days to maturity, indicating less environmental influence. Number of branches and days to maturity showed high heritability and genetic advance, suggesting these traits can be improved through selection. Traits with high genetic variation, heritability and advance can be selected for to develop new okra varieties with improved yield and disease resistance.
15. mass selection in cross pollinated cropsNaveen Kumar
This document discusses breeding methods for cross-pollinated crops. It describes 10 different breeding methods including mass selection, backcrossing, heterosis breeding, and transgenic breeding. It focuses on two main categories of breeding for cross-pollinated crops: population improvement and hybrid/synthetic varieties. Population improvement methods include mass selection and progeny testing methods like ear-to-row selection and recurrent selection. Mass selection involves selecting plants based on phenotype without progeny testing, while ear-to-row selection and recurrent selection do involve progeny testing over multiple generations.
Genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, genetic advance as percen...Premier Publishers
This document summarizes a study on the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, and character associations of 49 Ethiopian mustard landraces. The study found significant genetic variability among the accessions for all traits measured. Traits like seed yield, oil yield, and plant height showed high genotypic and phenotypic variation, indicating potential for selection. Heritability was highest for thousand seed weight, days to flowering, stand percent, and oil quality traits. Positive correlations were found between seed yield and traits like oil content, oil yield, plant height and seed yield per plant. Primary branches and oil yield showed direct positive effects on seed yield per plot. Seed yield, oil content, oil yield and primary branches were determined to be
Breeding methods in cross pollinated cropsANANDALEKSHMIL
This document provides an overview of plant breeding methods for cross-pollinated crops. It discusses mass selection, progeny selection, and recurrent selection as methods of population improvement. It also describes hybridization techniques like single cross hybrids, double cross hybrids, and three-way cross hybrids. The objectives of plant breeding are to improve traits like yield, quality, disease resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance. Plant breeding has significantly increased global food production through the development of superior crop varieties.
Heterosis studies for yield and yield contributing characters in blackgramNirmal Parde
The document summarizes a study on heterosis (hybrid vigor) in blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper). Seven blackgram varieties were crossed in a diallel mating design, producing 21 F1 crosses. The crosses were evaluated for yield and other agronomic traits. Several crosses showed significant heterosis over the mid and better parents for traits like plant height, pods per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield. The crosses AKU-9904 x NUL-7, AKU-9904 x BDU-1, and AKU-9904 x LBG-402 displayed the highest heterosis for seed yield as well as for components contributing to yield. These crosses can
Study on Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Correlation a...IJEABJ
The present investigation entitled “Studies on genetic variability in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)” was carried out at the UCOA, vegetable research farm, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda during rabi 2015-16 to evaluate tomato genotypes. The experiment was laid out in CRD with three replications. Total 20 genotypes including check cultivar were evaluated for horticultural Traits contributing yield and quality (suitable for processing) .There is a wide variability in different genotypes in tomato. Traits i.e. Number of primary branches per plant, Days to first fruit harvest, Plant height (cm),number of fruits per cluster, number fruits per plant, average fruit weight (gm), equatorial diameter of fruit (cm), polar diameter of fruit (cm), number of locules per fruit, pericarp thickness (mm), fruit pH, Fruit TSS (0brix), days to last fruit harvest and average yield per plant (kg) were studied during the investigation Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all the characters under study during the investigation. High Phenotypic and Genotypic coefficient of variation were detected for characters like number of fruits per plant, number of locules per fruit, pericarp thickness and average yield per plant. High heritability coupled with genetic gain were recorded for number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, number of locules per fruit and average yield per plant. Therefore these characters also show some scope for improvement through selection. A highly significant and positive phenotypic and genotypic correlation were found in number of fruits per cluster, plant height, number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight.
Combining Ability for Yield and Yield Components through Diallel Analysis in ...IOSR Journals
This document summarizes a study that analyzed combining ability for yield and yield components in okra using diallel analysis. Eight okra varieties were crossed in a full diallel design. Both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant for all traits, indicating importance of both additive and non-additive gene action. SCA variance was higher than GCA variance for most traits, suggesting predominance of non-additive gene action. The varieties Arka Anamika and Arka Abhay had the highest GCA effects for several traits like yield. The cross Arka Anamika x DBh-43 showed the highest significant positive SCA effect for fruit yield per
This study assessed genetic diversity in 23 horse gram accessions. Significant differences were found among accessions for all studied characters, indicating genetic variation. Accessions were grouped into 7 clusters by D2 statistics. Cluster I had 11 genotypes, while clusters III-VII each had 1 genotype. Test weight (8.7%) and seed yield per plant (5.5%) contributed most to divergence. Seedling dry weight (50.99%) contributed most to genetic divergence among seed quality parameters. The maximum inter-cluster distance was between cluster V and VII genotypes, indicating they have the most divergence and should be used as parents for hybridization to obtain better offspring.
This study evaluated 7 cherry tomato accessions using a half-diallel mating design to determine suitable parents for developing hybrids. Analysis found preponderance of additive gene action for most traits studied. Parents Solanumlycopersicum var. cerasiforme LYC 196/81 cv. Bubjekosoko (P1), PI 647522 cv. Cal Red Cherry (P3) and PI 639207 cv. Black Cherry (P7) were best general combiners for fruit yield and quality. The cross between P1 and P7 showed highest significant positive specific combining ability for yield and quality traits. Some F1 hybrids showed significant heterosis for evaluated traits.
This document describes a study that evaluated 10 F1 hybrid sweet pepper crosses, their 7 parent lines, and a commercial hybrid for fruit yield and quality traits under greenhouse conditions. Significant variations were observed among the hybrids and parents for traits like early yield, total yield, average fruit weight, pericarp thickness, fruit diameter, and ascorbic acid content. The highest levels of positive heterobeltiosis (improvement over the best parent) were recorded for early yield (62.9%), total yield (50.5%), average fruit weight (96.7%), and other traits. Two hybrids, P2 × P3 and P2 × P4, showed the highest positive commercial heterosis (improvement over the commercial hybrid
Heterosis, Combining ability and Phenotypic Correlation for Some Economic Tra...Galal Anis, PhD
This investigation was carried out to study heterosis , combining ability and phenotypic correlation in a diallel mating design among 6 Egyptian rice genotypes (excluding reciprocals),including 3 varieties ( Sakha 101, Sakha 104 and Sakha 105),and 3 promising lines (Gz6903, Gz7576 and Gz8479). An experiment was conducted at the research Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr EL-sheikh, Egypt during 2013 growing season and designed in a randomize complete block with three replications. Data were recorded on nine traits; days to maturity, chlorophyll content, flag leaf area, plant height, number of panicles / plant, panicle fertility (%), Panicle weight ,1000-grain weight and grain. The results revealed that, the genotypes were highly significant different in all studied characters. The cross (Sakha 101 × GZ6903) showed positive and significant heterosis for mid and better parents for most studied traits. The parent (Sakha 101) was good general combiner for most studied traits. The cross (Sakha 101 × GZ6903) showed positive and highly significant for specific combining ability effects for grain yield and its components.Grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with days to maturity, chlorophyll content, plant height, number of panicles/plant and panicle weight .On the contrary, plant height had significant negative association with days to maturity.
Genetic Variability, Heritability for Late leaf Spot tolerance and Productivi...IOSR Journals
This document summarizes a study on genetic variability, heritability, and traits related to late leaf spot tolerance and productivity in a recombinant inbred line population of groundnut. The study evaluated 106 recombinant inbred lines plus parental lines. High genetic variation was observed for traits related to late leaf spot score, yield, and other components. High heritability and genetic advance were found for traits like late leaf spot score, 100-seed weight, and haulm weight per plant, indicating these are controlled by additive genes and good for selection. Several lines were identified with improved late leaf spot tolerance, early maturity, yield, and other traits.
This document summarizes a study that evaluated heterosis in pearl millet for agronomic traits and resistance to downy mildew. Sixteen hybrids were produced by crossing four resistant varieties with four susceptible varieties. The hybrids and parents were evaluated in field trials. Significant differences were found among parents and hybrids for all traits except a few. Location effects were only significant for yield and number of panicles. Several hybrids showed high and significant heterosis for yield and components like panicle weight and number. Negative heterosis for traits like disease incidence and earliness are desirable for breeding resistance and earliness. Correlation analysis showed traits like panicle weight and number were strongly correlated with yield. Overall, the study demonstrated potential
An experiment was carried out in Bakura and Zaria to evaluate heterosis for downy mildew resistance in some pearl millet using Complete Randomized Block Design. Four resistant varieties (PEO5532, SOSATC88, P1449 and DMR15) and four susceptible varieties (BDP1, MOP1, LCIC9702 and PEO5984 were used as male and female respectively. The resistant varieties were crossed with the susceptible varieties using North Carolina design 11. Sixteen (F1) hybrids obtained were evaluated along with their parents for downy mildew resistance, grain yield and other agronomic traits. The analysis of variance showed highly significant difference among parents and hybrids for all agronomic characters. Location × genotype interaction effects were only significant for grain yield and number of panicles per plot. The study selected the best parents that give high heterosis in terms of yield components, yield and downy mildew resistance. Two hybrids PEO5984 × P1449 and PEO5984 × PEO5532 had significant heterosis for 50% days to flower ng, PEO5984 × P1449, PEO5984 × PEO5532, PEO5984 × DMR15 and PEO5984 × SOSATC88 for yield, the best MP and BP heterosis for downy mildew incidence is PEO5984 × P1449 and MOP1 × p1449 for MP heterosis and BDP1 × P1449 for BP heterosis. Correlation among the characters studied showed that magnitudes of genetic correlation were higher than those of phenotypic correlation in some of the traits considered. The number of panicles / plot and panicle weight / plot showed significant genetic correlations indicate degree of correlation with grain yield. This showed that selection for any of these characters could lead to indirect selection of grain yield.
Single seed descent and multilines varieties pptSheetal3497
The document discusses single seed descent (SSD) method and multiline varieties. It begins by explaining the SSD method, which involves selecting a single seed randomly from selected plants at each generation to make the bulk, instead of bulking the whole seed lot. This method is useful for improving quantitative traits like yield rather than qualitative traits. It then describes the steps involved in the SSD method from hybridization to seed multiplication. The document also discusses advantages and disadvantages of the SSD method and multiline varieties. It provides examples of crops developed using these methods like wheat varieties Kalyan Sona and KML7404.
Heritability and genetic advance in F5 segregating generation of Tomato (Sola...Open Access Research Paper
The present study investigated the yield and its contributing attributes among F5 segregating tomato lines so as to find degree of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance. This research study was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) during season 2018-2019 at Agricultural Research Station Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The experimental material (23 segregating lines and 2 parental genotypes) were characterized for morphological days to first flowering, days to fruiting, plant height, stem diameter, cluster per plant, flowers per cluster, fruits cluster-1, fruits per plant, yield hectare-1. Analysis of variance regarding morphological attributes showed highly significant differences (P≤ 0.01) among tomato F5 segregating lines. Minimum days to first flowering and days to fruiting were recorded for ST-12, ST-14, ST-17 with values of (50.00), (78.33) each, respectively. Maximum plant height, stem diameter, clusters per plant, flowers per cluster, fruit per cluster, fruits per plant, single fruit weight were observed for ST-20, ST-17, ST-12, ST-21, Roma, ST-12, ST-8, Roma with values of (105.38), (1.69), (29.33), (6.18), (6.00), (150.27), (81.41). Very little differences were observed between phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation for all traits except cluster plant-1 and fruits plant-1 indicating that most of the traits were less influenced by environmental factors for their phenotypic expression. All traits had high h2 but only fruit plant-1 (0.37), single fruit weight (0.58), yield ha-1 (0.39) were found to be moderate and clusters plant-1(0.12) had low h2. Low genetic advance (20.0) was recorded for all traits except yield. Moderate to low genetic advance suggests the action of both additive and non-additive genes and favorable influence of environment in the expression. Desired morphological characterization on the basis of the yield attributing traits to fruit yield showed these lines ST-1, ST-2, ST-4, ST-5, ST-6, ST-7, ST-9, ST-11, ST-12, ST-14, ST-17, ST-18, ST-19, ST-21, could further be used for the development of improved varieties in future tomato breeding program.
This study assessed the adaptability of 12 improved groundnut varieties (Sadi, manipinter, etc.) grown in Ethiopia. The varieties were planted in 2012/13 at two sites - a research center and nearby sub-site. Combined data analysis found significant varietal differences in yield, flowering time, maturity time, plant height, and seed weight. Location significantly affected yield, flowering time, maturity time, and plant height. Sadi and Fetene were the earliest to flower and mature. Manipinter had the highest 100-seed weight and was the highest yielder, followed by Sartu, Sadi, and wr961. Fetene and Oldhale performed poorly. The study identified varieties best suited to
This study assessed the adaptability of 12 improved groundnut varieties at two sites in Ethiopia. At both sites, varieties showed significant differences in yield, days to flower, days to maturity, plant height, and hundred seed weight. Manipinter yielded highest (16.9q/ha), followed by Sartu (12.2q/ha), Sadi (11.8q/ha), and wr961 (11.05q/ha). Location significantly affected yield, days to flower, days to maturity, and plant height. Varietal differences were highly significant for yield, days to flower, days to maturity, stand count, and plant height across locations.
Genomics-enabled early generation selection in peanut breeding pipelineICRISAT
1) The document describes ICRISAT's peanut breeding program which uses genomics-assisted breeding to develop high oleic peanut varieties with improved traits like disease resistance and yield.
2) Marker-assisted selection and near-infrared spectroscopy are used for early generation selection, resulting in lines with larger seed size and 17g genetic gain for 100-seed mass.
3) Superior performing lines with high oleic content and resistance to rust and late leaf spot are being tested for release in India.
Response of commercial rice germplasm on agronomic traitAlexander Decker
This document analyzes the response of five commercial rice varieties to seed contaminants. Purity tests found the Basmati Super variety had the highest germination rate of 96% and least contaminants, while KSK-133 and KS-282 had higher levels of impurities and lower germination rates. Most varieties showed similar shoot growth, while IR-06 was more stunted. KSK-133 exhibited the longest roots. Analysis found the presence of fungi like Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium associated with the seeds, indicating potential risks to food safety if not properly stored.
22. utilization of ssr markers for seed purity testing in popular rice hybridsVishwanath Koti
This document describes a study that used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to identify two popular rice hybrids (KRH-2 and DRRH-2) and their parental lines. Thirty-five SSR markers were tested, and six were found to be polymorphic across the hybrids and parents, allowing unique fingerprints for each hybrid. Five markers (RM 206, RM 276, RM 204, RM 234 and RM 228) differentiated the two hybrids. Analysis of parental lines found residual heterozygosity at two loci, highlighting the importance of SSR markers for maintaining genetic purity. A 20x20 grow-out matrix trial validated that the identified SSR markers effectively detected contaminants in commercial seed lots, comparable to
Similar to Heterosis in bottle gourd [lagenaria siceraria (mol.) standl.] (20)
Evaluation of fungicide and botanicals against major seed borne pathogen of c...Dr. Mahesh Ghuge
The present study revealed that the growth of R. bataticola was effectively
inhibited (100%) by all the fungicides viz., Carbendazim (0.2%), Carboxin
(0.2%), Mancozeb (0.2%), Carbendazim (0.1%) + Carboxin (0.1%) except
inhibition (23.28%) by Neem extract 5%. Similar trend was observed in
pathogens viz., F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri, Penicillium spp. and A. niger.
The completely growth (100%) was inhibited by fungicides Carbendazim
(0.2%), Carboxin (0.2%), Carbendazim (0.1%) + Carboxin (0.1%) followed
by Mancozeb (77.49, 75.60 and 74.52 %). Whereas Neem extract was
resulted in poor inhibition of the pathogens (74.56, 48.41 and 43.97%). The
seed-borne pathogens Rhizopus spp. was effectively completely (100%)
inhibited by the Carbendazim (0.1%)+Carboxin (0.1%) followed by
Carboxin (42.34%), Mancozeb (30.98%), Carbendazim (23.49%) and the
lowest inhibition of the pathogens radial growth was showed by the Neem
extract (23.43%).
Production and economics of cluster bean and pearl millet intercropping syste...Dr. Mahesh Ghuge
All the growth parameters(plant height and tillers/ row
length) and yield attributes of clusterbean and pearlmillet (number of pods/plant, pod
length, no. of seed/pod, test weight, plant height, effective tillers/row length, ear head
length and ear head girth of pearlmillet) were significantly influenced by intercropping
systems. The yield attributes and yields of pearlmillet increased by legumes effect in
intercropping system as compared to sole stand of pearlmillet. However, intercropped
stand of clusterbean recorded its lower productivity (2853 kg ha1
) when compared to
its sole stand (5145 kg ha1
), but intercropping system recorded statistically similar to
clusterbean equivalent yield as compared to sole stand. Significantly improvement in
all the yield attribute characters and yield under weed management practices with the
application of pendimethalin 1.5 kg ha1
as pre emergence + one hand weeding at 25
DAS, followed by two hand weeding at 25 and 45 DAS over the other weed
management practices in arid and semi arid conditions.
Influnce of organic amendments and fungicides on populationDr. Mahesh Ghuge
This study evaluated the effects of organic amendments and fungicides on fungal populations in chickpea crops. Twenty treatments were tested in field and in vitro conditions, including applications of vermicompost, neem cake, kranj cake, and biocontrol agents like Trichoderma. The treatment combining vermicompost with Trichoderma showed the best results against the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotinia rolfsii both in the field and in lab dishes. This treatment resulted in the lowest populations of these pathogens in the field and lowest Fusarium growth in lab cultures. Organic amendments and biocontrol agents like Trichoderma were more effective than fungicides alone at
Influence of inm on growth and seed yield on okraDr. Mahesh Ghuge
The document summarizes a study on the effects of integrated nutrient management on the growth and seed yield of okra. The study found that applying 75% of the recommended NPK dose along with farmyard manure, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and Azotobacter resulted in the maximum plant height, number of leaves, seed yield, and other growth and yield parameters. Applying 125% of the recommended NPK dose resulted in the maximum stem diameter. Applying 100% of the recommended NPK dose resulted in the earliest flower bud initiation, flowering, and fruit initiation. The integrated application of organic and inorganic nutrients thus led to improved growth, earliness, and yield for okra.
Papaya is a tropical fruit native to Central America. It has 18 chromosomes and can be propagated through seeds, though vegetative methods are not viable commercially due to its fragile stem. There are dioecious and gynodioecious varieties that bear male and female or hermaphroditic flowers separately. Papaya grows best in tropical climates, well-draining soil, and requires irrigation every 5-6 days in summer and 8-10 days in winter. It is harvested 9-10 months after planting when the fruit skin changes color and latex becomes consistent. Papaya is a source of papain enzyme and vitamin A, and has an economic life of 2-3 years.
This document provides information about grapes (Vitis vinifera), including their botanical details, origin, varieties grown in different regions of India, propagation methods, training and pruning practices, yield, and common pests and diseases. It discusses the introduction of grapes to northern India in 1300 AD and lists the main uses of grapes in India, with 85% consumed fresh, 120,000 tonnes dried for raisins, and 20,000 and 10,000 tonnes used for juice and wine production respectively. Key propagation methods include hardwood cuttings, grafting, and tissue culture. Major varieties grown include Thompson Seedless, Anab-e-Shahi, Bangalore Blue, and Gulabi. Average yields range from
This document provides information on banana production. It discusses the botany and classification of banana, describing it as a perennial herb in the order Zingiberales. It details banana's origin in Southeast Asia and lists its major varieties. The document also outlines banana's ecological requirements, cultivation practices including planting materials, spacing, fertilization, and pest and disease management. It notes banana's status as the fourth most important global crop and lists India as a major producer. In conclusion, it identifies constraints to banana production such as availability of quality planting materials and pest and disease problems.
This document discusses various methods of plant breeding for different species including autogamous, allogamous, and asexually propagated species. It also covers topics like heterosis, hybrid vigor, inbreeding depression, genetic models for heterosis including overdominance and dominance hypotheses, manifestations of heterosis, and methods for fixing heterosis.
This document discusses strategies for vegetable breeding. It begins by describing the importance of building a robust germplasm collection through targeted collection of genetic variation. It discusses approaches for developing germplasm, including MAGIC populations which combine genetic material from multiple parents, utilizing wild relatives as a source of novel traits, and gene pyramiding to stack multiple genes controlling traits like disease resistance. The document also outlines how molecular techniques like marker assisted selection and genetic transformation can aid breeding efforts when integrated with conventional methods. It emphasizes that field evaluation remains important for selecting traits adapted to different environments.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
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Heterosis in bottle gourd [lagenaria siceraria (mol.) standl.]
1. AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE
www.arccjournals.com/www.ijarjournal.com
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: mbgbhu@gmail.com
1
Department of Horticulture, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.
2
Department of Plant Pathology College of Agriculture, Indore, R.V.S.K.V.V, Gwalior.
Indian J. Agric. Res., 50 (5) 2016 : 466-470
Print ISSN:0367-8245 / Online ISSN:0976-058X
Heterosis in bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]
Mahesh B. Ghuge*, M. M. Syamal1
and Shraddha Karcho2
Department of Horticulture,
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 002, India.
Received: 28-02-2016 Accepted: 12-08-2016 DOI:10.18805/ijare.v0iOF.3756
ABSTRACT
Studies were carried out to estimate heterosis for yield and yield traits in bottle gourd. Heterosis for fruit yield per vine
ranged from -35.2 to 23.9 per cent over mid parent and -17.6 to 68.5 per cent over standard check Samrat. For number of
fruits per plant and average fruit weight was ranged from -28.2 to17.9 per cent and -22.1 to 22.4 per cent over mid parent
and -17.6 to 53.3 per cent and -11.7 to 44.6 per cent over standard check Samrat, respectively. Regarding fruit length the
heterosis ranged from -15.1 to 19.9 over mid parent while standard heterosis ranged from -7.05 to 48.9. Heterosis for days
to first fruit harvest ranged from -0.53 to -12.4 and -0.55 to -14.7 over mid parent and standard check respectively. It was
important to note that six F1
hybrids viz., Samrat XAditi followed byAditi X TC 092372, IC 093236 X TC 092372, Samrat
X TC 092372, Samrat X IC 093236 andAditi X PSPLproduced significantlyhigher yield than the standard check Samrat.
Key words: Fruit diameter, Fruit length, Heterosis, PSPL, Samrat, Yield per vine.
INTRODUCTION
Bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]
is synonymouslycalled as Calabash gourd. It is an important
annual cucurbitaceous crop grown through out country. The
tender edible fruit are also prepared into sweets, pickles,
rayata and other delicious preparation. It is one of the most
nutritive menu for human and tone up his energy and vigour,
because it happens to be valuable source of carbohydrates,
proteins, vitamins and minerals.
Inspite of the potential economic and medicinal
importance of the crop, due attention was not given towards
a need based crop improvement programme. However,
recently the cultivation of bottle gourd has become
increasingly popular, because of the growing awareness of
the anti-diabetic property and nutritive value of the crop
among the consumers. Due to the efforts of the many
vegetable breeders marked improvement in yield has been
achieved and a good number of new varieties and hybrids
have been developed.
The commercial exploitation of hybrid vigour
depends on the ease with which the technique employed for
hybrid seed production and reasonably the low cost of seed
production. Bottle gourd being monoecious in sex expression
can be profitably utilized for the production of hybrid seeds
at cheaper rate. High number of hybrid seeds per cross makes
it more economical. Further, the crop being cultivated at
wider spacing, the seed requirement per hectare for
commercial cultivation would be low and cost effective.
Therefore, bottle gourd offers greater scope for exploitation
of hybrid vigour on commercial scale to increase the
productivityand production.
Therefore, for development of effective heterosis
breeding programme in bottle gourd one need to elucidate
the genetic nature and magnitude of quantitative traits and
estimated prepotency of parents in hybrid combinations.
MATERIALSAND METHODS
The experimental material for the present study
consisted of eight distinct genotypes and important varieties
collected from Indian Institute ofVegetable Research. These
were Samrat (P1
+ Stranded variety), Aditi (P2
), Pusa Summer
Prolific Long (P3
), IC 093236 (P4
), TC 092372 (P5
), VRBG
100 (P6
), VRBG VAR - 45 (P7
) and VRBG 444 (P8
). The
experiment was conducted in randomized complete block
design with three replications to assess the performance of
28 hybrids and their 8 parental lines conducted at Vegetable
Research Farm, Department ofHorticulture, Banaras Hindu
University, Varanasi during the summer season of 2013 and
2014. The crop was planted in rows spaced at 3.0 meters
with plant to plant spacing of 0.5 meter apart. All the
recommended agronomic package of practices and plant
protection measures were followed to raise a good crop.
The data were recorded on sixteen quantitative
characters viz., days to first staminate flower anthesis, days
to first pistilate flower anthesis, days to first fruit harvest,
fruit length, fruit diameter, rind thickness, flesh thickness,
fruit circumference, average fruit weight, fruits per plant,
fruit yield per vine, vine length, primary branches per plant,
2. Volume 50 Issue 5 (2016) 467
node number of first staminate flower and node number of
first pistilate flower.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The magnitude of heterosis was calculated as per
cent increase or decrease of F1
values over the mid parent
(MP) and standard check Samrat which as used as parental
line in the investigation. The estimates of heterosis of F1
hybrids are presented in Table 1. The negative estimates of
heterosis were considered desirable for all maturity traits
viz. days to first staminate flower anthesis, days to first
pistilate flower anthesis and days to first fruit harvest, rind
thickness, primary branches per plant, node number of first
staminate flower and node number of first pistilate flower.
However, for rest of the characters positive estimates of
heterosis was considered favourable.
Among 28 F1
’s, eleven hybrids showed significant
heterosis in favourable direction over standard check for days
to anthesis of first staminate flower. The F1
, TC 092372 X
VRBG 444 (-12.6%) showed highlysignificant heterosis in
desirable direction for days to anthesis of first staminate
flower over mid parent. Hybrid TC 092372 X VRBG VAR-
45 and TC 092372 X VRBG 444 showed highly significant
heterosis (-13.5%) in desirable direction over standard check.
The F1
, TC 092372 X VRBG VAR-45 showed maximum
heterosis (-11.3%) which was highly significant over mid
parent while PSPL X VRBG 100 showed maximum
significant heterosis (-12.8%) over standard check in
desirable direction for days to pistilate flower anthesis. In
case of days to first fruit harvest, maximum significant
heterosis (-14.7%) was recorded in F1
,PSPLX VRBG VAR-
45 over standard check. Highly significant heterosis
percentage for fruit length (48.9%) was expressed by IC
093236 X TC 092372 followed by Samrat X IC 093236
(23.9%) over standard variety Samrat.
In case of fruit diameter, IC 093236 XVRBG VAR-
45 exhibited highly significant heterosis (25.6%) over
standard check. F1
Samrat X IC 093236 (-56.0%) showed
highly significant heterosis over standard variety for rind
thickness in desirable direction while IC 093236 X TC
092372 showed minimum heterosis (-4.31%) over standard
check in favourable direction. Highly significant heterosis
percentage for flesh thickness (26.0%) was expressed byIC
093236 X VRBG VAR-45 followed by VRBG VAR-45 X
VRBG 444 (24.2%) over standard varietySamrat. Maximum
significant heterosis for fruit circumference in favourable
direction (25.5%) was recorded in F1
IC 093236 X VRBG
VAR-45, whereas minimum heterosis (2.89%) was observed
in hybrid Samrat X PSPL over standard variety.
IC 093236 X VRBG 444 showed highlysignificant
heterosis (44.6) over standard varietyin desirable direction
for average fruit weight. The F1
Aditi X PSPL showed
maximum heterosis for fruits per vine (17.9%), which was
highlysignificant over midparent while minimum favourable
heterosis (2.33%) expressed by F1
IC 093236 X TC 092372
over mid parent. Aditi X PSPL (53.3%) showed highly
significant heterosis for number of fruits per vine. Highly
significant heterosis for fruit yield per vine in desirable
direction (68.5%) was recorded in F1
, Aditi X PSPL over
standard check.
In case of vine length, highly significant heterosis
for vine length (35.7%) was expressed by PSPL X VRBG
100 followed by Samrat XVRBG 100 (23.5%) over standard
check Samrat in desirable direction. Highly significant
heterosis percentage for primarybranches per plant (53.6%)
was expressed by TC 092372 X VRBG 444 followed by
PSPL X IC 093236 (37.9%) over standard variety Samrat.
Hybrid Aditi X VRBG VAR-45 possess highly significant
heterosis (-24.1) followed by PSPL X IC 093236 (-17.3) in
desirable direction over standard check for node number of
first staminate flower. Maximum significant heterosis (-
18.5%) was recorded in F1
,Aditi X VRBG VAR-45 whereas
minimum heterosis (-0.97%) was observed in hybrid Samrat
X VRBG 444 over standard check in favourable direction
for node number of first pistilate flower.
Number of fruit per vine is one of the most
important components of fruit yield in respect of which
hybrids with positive heterosis are desirable. The findings
of the present study revealed that the twenty four crosses
expressed significant heterosis in desirable direction over
standard check (Sharma et al., 2009). The highest heterosis
for number of fruit per plant was recorded bythe crossAditi
X PSPL followed by Aditi X VRBG 100 and Samrat X
VRBG 444 over standard variety Samrat. In general, the
hybrids with significant heterosis for yield also expressed
significant heterosis either for fruit weight or for fruits per
vine (Yadav and Kumar, 2012).
Fruit yield per plant being a complex trait and is a
multiplicative product of several basic component traits
(Singh et al., 2005). The improvement in heterosis for yield
component may not necessarily be reflected in increased
yield. Contrarily the increased fruit yield will definitely
because of increase in one or more components traits (Pandit
et al., 2009). In the present studythe top performing hybrids
for yield also showed significant heterosis for average fruit
weight along with some other yield component traits.
Likewise, crosses showing heterosis for other yield
component did not necessarilyshow heterosis for fruit yield.
This showed that heterosis depends upon nicking for genes
(Singh, 2008).
The above finding indicated that some inbreds has
strong heterotic capability compared to other ones during
hybridization process. This might be due to diverse parents
and favourable cross combination. As the performance of
hybrids developed upon the heterotic capabilityof the parents
involved, from economic point of view it will be useful to
select and utilize the parental inbreds with strong heterotic
3. 468 INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Table
1:
Estimates
of
heterosis
(%)
over
mid
parent
(MP)
and
standard
variety
(SV)
for
sixteen
characters
in
bottle
gourd
Crosses
Days
to
first
Days
to
first
Days
to
first
Primary
Branches
Node
Number
of
Node
Number
staminate
pistillate
Fruit
harvest
Per
Plant
first
Staminate
of
first
Pistilate
flower
anthesis
flower
anthesis
Flowers
Flower
M.P.
S.V.
M.P.
S.V.
M.P.
S.V.
M.P.
S.V.
M.P.
S.V.
M.P.
S.V.
Samrat
X
Aditi
-1.14*
-2.99**
-3.60**
-6.29**
-4.71**
-8.99**
24.3**
35.1**
-0.19**
-2.55**
-1.43**
-5.94**
Samrat
X
PSPL
20.3**
19.4**
17.6**
14.7**
8.88
6.74*
3.61*
16.7*
10.8*
0.60**
3.85
-3.70**
Samrat
X
IC
093236
8.01
1.31
6.00*
1.27
4.74*
3.87
9.00*
12.7*
10.9*
8.36*
6.07
3.41
Samrat
X
TC
092372
-1.38*
-8.33**
-1.33*
-5.73*
-3.33*
-4.40*
16.6*
22.4**
2.57*
1.65**
4.42
2.48*
Samrat
X
VRBG
100
0.34
-7.55**
-1.63*
-7.93*
-3.28*
-5.85*
-12
18.1*
4.56*
-5.59*
-0.14*
-9.55*
Samrat
X
VRBG
VAR-45
4.56**
-1.32*
2.36
-1.30*
-1.63*
-4.74*
-28.3**
-7.87
10.3*
-1.44*
16.5
7.29
Samrat
X
VRBG
444
1.74
-4.58*
1.34
-2.58*
0
-0.56*
-26.0*
6.32*
3.27*
-10.0*
10.9*
-0.97*
Aditi
X
PSPL
5.75
4.55
4.80*
4.41
-1.50*
-4.09**
-0.38
23.0**
16.9**
3.87*
11.1*
-1.32**
Aditi
X
IC
093236
9.93*
1.31*
9.59*
1.91
5.54**
0
-2.73*
9.50*
21.9**
16.38**
24.3*
21.6
Aditi
X
TC
092372
-4.56*
-12.8**
-2.05**
-8.92*
1.74
-3.85*
17.6*
34.7**
13.3*
9.68
21.8
18.3
Aditi
X
VRBG
100
-0.69*
-10.1*
-2.34*
-11.0**
-1.14*
-7.98*
-14.9
26.6*
17.1*
3.53**
11.9
-2.76*
Aditi
X
VRBG
VAR-45
0.71*
-6.62**
-0.35*
-6.49*
-1.70*
-8.95**
-15.1
20.7*
-13.3*
-24.1**
-7.59*
-18.5**
Aditi
X
VRBG
444
2.84
-5.23*
2.07*
-4.52*
2.34
-2.78*
-16.9
32.7*
7.30*
-8.40*
3.35
-11.4**
PSPL
X
IC
093236
5.96*
-1.31*
6.48
-0.64*
2.27
-0.55*
26.8**
37.9**
-10.8*
-17.3**
-4.38*
-13.4**
PSPL
X
TC
092372
-1.39*
-8.97*
-1.02*
-7.64*
-3.12*
-6.04**
18.7**
27.0**
-3.09*
-11.3*
7.98
-1.59*
PSPL
X
VRBG
100
-4.47*
-12.6**
-4.67**
-12.8**
-5.29*
-9.57*
2.40*
20.0**
2.66*
2.06
-3.09**
-5.53*
PSPL
X
VRBG
VAR-45
-4.59*
-10.6**
-3.45**
-9.09**
-10.2**
-14.7**
16.7**
31.5**
-2.34**
-4.02*
-2.89*
-3.65*
PSPL
X
VRBG
444
1.05
-5.88*
1.03
-5.16*
-1.99*
-4.44**
9.78*
36.9**
-5.82*
-10.0*
1.9
-2.19**
IC
093236
X
TC
092372
-4.21*
-5.13*
-3.18*
-3.18*
0.28
0
30.5**
32.4**
19.1**
17.4**
30.1**
29.3*
IC
093236
X
VRBG
100
-7.69**
-9.43*
-7.79*
-9.76*
-9.49**
-11.2**
-9.58
16.6**
4.31
-3.82**
11.2
-1.51*
IC
093236
X
VRBG
VAR-45
-1.97*
-2.61**
-1.61*
-2.55**
-6.20*
-8.42**
-25.5*
-7.87
7.72
-1.72*
13.8
2.34
IC
093236
X
VRBG
444
2.61
2.61
3.21
2.55
5.26
4.97
-8.17
26.5**
10.4**
-1.90*
15.9*
1.22
TC
092372
X
VRBG
100
-11.1**
-11.9**
-10.3**
-12.2**
-8.65**
-10.1**
1.73*
28.8**
8.24
-1.47*
9.73*
-2.26*
TC
092372
X
VRBG
VAR-45
-12.1**
-13.5**
-11.3**
-12.1*
-12.4**
-14.2**
4.68*
27.1**
8.77
-2.01*
17.4
6.25
TC
092372
X
VRBG
444
-12.6**
-13.5**
-10.9**
-11.5**
-9.94*
-10.4**
13.7**
53.6**
4.32
-8.40**
6.09
-6.81**
VRBG
100
X
VRBG
VAR-45
0
-2.52*
0
-3.05*
-0.53*
-1.05*
0.03*
3.62*
1.16*
0.00*
-3.84*
-5.53*
VRBG
100
X
VRBG
444
-3.85**
-5.66*
-2.82**
-5.49**
-2.17*
-4.26*
-15.4
-10.7
-2.40*
-6.23*
-5.81*
-7.30*
VRBG
VAR-45
X
VRBG
444
-2.63*
-3.27*
-1.62*
-1.94*
-3.24*
-5.79*
-0.76
8.76*
0.7
-2.17*
5.41*
1.95
5. 470 INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Table 1: Cont.
Crosses Average Fruit Weight Fruits Per Plant Vine Length Fruit Yield Per Vine
M.P. S.V. M.P. S.V. M.P. S.V. M.P. S.V.
Samrat X Aditi 0.94* 2.72* 13.0** 18.2** 6.38** 9.21** 16.0** 17.3**
Samrat X PSPL 0.28* 7.53* -2.70* 20.0* -0.68 0.71* -1.41 32.1*
Samrat X IC 093236 1.66* 5.00* -4.55 -4.55 -5.19 -2.28 -1.28 1.73*
Samrat X TC 092372 -3.05 -2.40* 6.97** 9.52** 9.17* 11.7** 4.59* 7.20*
Samrat X VRBG 100 -13.7 0.70** -18.9* 0.00** 3.93* 23.5** -30.1* 3.31**
Samrat X VRBG VAR-45 7.46* 24.1** -17.9 -5.88** -4.76 2.82* -11.5 20.3**
Samrat X VRBG 444 -18.8 6.87** 5.56* 35.7** -12.0** -1.44 -19.7 40.9**
Aditi X PSPL 12.7* 18.7** 17.9** 53.3** -5.40* -1.49 23.9* 68.5**
Aditi X IC 093236 -4.92 0.00 -4.34 0.00* 2.79* 8.86* -5.59 -3.85
Aditi X TC 092372 0.27* 1.36* 11.1** 19.1** -4.03 -3.71 14.2** 18.4**
Aditi X VRBG 100 -3.37* 10.5* 7.69* 40.0* 0.10* 22.7** 6.77* 60.3**
Aditi X VRBG VAR-45 -22.1* -11.7** -17.1 0.00* -6.32 4.03* -35.2** -10.5*
Aditi X VRBG 444 3.33* 33.0* -10.5 21.4* -3.89 10.8** -8.63 63.0**
PSPL X IC 093236 -3.93 6.63* -2.70* 20.0* 3.54* 5.23* -7.73 28.4*
PSPL X TC 092372 -4.10 2.11* 5.56* 26.7** 0.60* 4.41* -0.47 29.4*
PSPL X VRBG 100 7.94* 16.8** 6.67* 6.67* 16.0** 35.7** 12.5* 21.8**
PSPL X VRBG VAR-45 1.29* 8.62** -12.5 -6.67** -1.96 4.30* -8.15 -7.07
PSPL X VRBG 444 -3.36 17.2** -17.2* -14.3** 1.50* 11.9** -19.0 1.09*
IC 093236 X TC 092372 0.51* 4.53* 2.33* 4.77* -2.97 2.40* 2.67** 8.52**
IC 093236 X VRBG 100 -16.5 1.05** 8.10* 33.3** -8.09 5.59* -11.4 36.3**
IC 093236 X VRBG VAR-45 3.88* 24.5** -28.2* -17.6** -11.1** -6.98 -25.8* 4.84**
IC 093236 X VRBG 444 5.64* 44.6** -11.1* 14.3** -3.81* 4.24* -12.9* 59.5*
TC 092372 X VRBG 100 -4.24 10.9* -16.7 0.00** -10.0* 9.82* -27.5* 3.88*
TC 092372 X VRBG VAR-45 -8.57 4.83* -10.5* -0.01* -3.13 7.19* -14.8* 12.4**
TC 092372 X VRBG 444 2.30* 33.5* -14.3 7.14** -1.91 12.6* -16.1 42.2**
VRBG 100 X VRBG VAR-45 -11.0 -10.2 -12.5* -6.67** -4.52 4.47* -22.9 -17.6
VRBG 100 X VRBG 444 22.4** 36.1* -10.3* -7.14** 7.71** 13.7** 10.2* 25.8*
VRBG VAR-45 X VRBG 444 8.22* 21.5** 3.23** 14.3** -7.91 -4.74 14.0* 40.2**
capabilityfor important traits associated with yield in order
to achieve higher fruit yield in hybrids through exploitation
of heterosis.
The best cross combination Samrat X Aditi
followed by Aditi X TC 092372, IC 093236 X TC 092372,
Samrat X TC 092372, Samrat X IC 093236 and Aditi X
PSPL produced significantlyhigher yield than the standard
check Samrat. These F1 combinations may be exploited as
commercial hybrids after their stability test as they are not
onlyhigher yielder but also possessed attractive fruit as per
present market demand.
REFERENCES
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and yield in bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria Molina. Standl.) genotypes. Acta Horticulturae, 809: 221-225
Sharma, N., Sharma, N.K. and Malik, Y.S. (2009). Estimate of economic heterosis for yield and yield related traits in
bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.]. Haryana Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 38: 137-139
Singh, K.P., Choudhury, D.N., Mandal, G. and Saha, B.C. (2008). Genetic variability in bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria
(Molina) Standl.). Journal of Interacademicia, 12: 159-163
Singh, N.P., Narayan, P., Dubey, A.K. and Srivastava, J.P. (2005). Studies on combining ability, heritability and genetic
advance in bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.). In : Abstract Book of National Seminar on Cucurbits,
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Yadav, Y.C. and Kumar, S. (2012). Estimation of heterosis for yield and yield contributing traits in bottle gourd [Lagenaria
siceraria (Molina) Standl]. Asian Journal of Horticulture, 7: 310-314