The document discusses hemophilia, an incurable hereditary bleeding disorder characterized by the deficiency of specific clotting factors, leading to spontaneous bleeding and potential disability. It details the types and severity of hemophilia, common joint and muscle involvement, and treatment options including factor replacement and physiotherapy. Additionally, it mentions famous historical figures with hemophilia and highlights recent advancements in gene therapy for hemophilia B.

2.  An incurable heriditiary.
bleeding disorder due to
absence or deficiency of
clotting factors in the blood
 Repeated Spontaneous
bleeds inside the joint and
muscles of the patient, if not
treated promptly lead to
permanent disability.

3. Types
 Hemophilia A
• Most common type
• Caused by lack of clotting factor VIII
 Hemophilia B
• Caused by lack of clotting factor IX
 Hemophilia C
• Caused by lack of clotting factor XI

4.  Mild
• Level is 5-50%
• Only occasional bleeding usually related to
significant Trauma or Surgery.
 Moderate
• Level is 1-5%
• Spontaneous bleeding is uncommon but occur
after minor Trauma or Surgery.
 Severe
• Level is <1%
• Spontaneous joint and soft tissue bleeding
several times several months.

5. Which Joint bleeds are most common ?
 Common Joints involved
• Knees
• Ankles
• Elbows
• Joints of the hands are not
usually affected except
after injury.

7. Muscles affected by
Hemophilic bleeding
• Biceps brachii
• Forearm flexors
• Iliopsoas (hip flexor)
• Quadriceps
• Hamstrings
• Calf muscles

8. Forearm
flexors

9. • Yes
• The level of clotting factor in his blood
usually stays the same through out his life.

10. Physiotherapy is the branch of modern
medical science deals with the treatment
of injury and diseases by physical means.
This is used to regain and increase
abilities /function.

11.  Early
•Tingling sensation
•Feeling of warmth
 Late
•Difficulty in movement
•Pain with movement
•Tightness or swelling
•Numbness or Tingling feeling

12. To relief Pain
 To reduce muscle spasm
 To soften contracted Tissue
 To increase or maintain muscle
power
 To increase proprioception
sensation

13.  Replacing the missing clotting factor in the
blood.
• Whole blood
• Plasma
• Cryoprecipitate
• Factor concentrate
 Physiotherapy
• Therapeutic exercise
• Electro therapy

14. Isometric exercise
Active assisted
Active free exercise
as pain allows

15.  Mobilizing exercise according to R.O.M
 Strengthening exercise according to
muscle power
 Stretching exercise (Self stretching)
 Ultrasound therapy
 Electrical stimulation

16.  The Therapeutic pool play a vital role in
management of a Hemophilic patients.
 Buoyancy of water may assist or resist the
exercise program.

18.  Orthotics or any external device
used to correct limb to perform
a particular task or normal activities
of P.W.H
Some assisted device are :
o AFO
o KAFO
o Calliper
For Lower Limb
o Cockupsplint
o Elbow support
o Dynamic splint
o Elbow crutch
For upper Limb

19. Exercise regularly prescribed by the Physical Therapist.
Avoid certain medication--
Some drugs can aggravate bleeding such as “Aspirin”, “Ibuprofen.”
Some drugs prevent blood from clotting such as “Heparin”, ”Warfarin.”
Practice good dental hygiene.
Protect your child from injuries that could cause bleeding.

20. Abraham
Lincon
Mother
Teresa
Queen
Victoria
Genghis
Khan
Abraham Lincoln the sixteenth president of United States of America was a Hemophilic.
Queen Victoria was born on May 24, 1819, she was a carrier of
Hemophilia B. Mother Teresa was over 45 years, she ministered to the poor, sick,
orphaned, and dying, while guiding the Missionaries of Charity's Expansion. Genghis Khan
was the founder of the Mongol Empire. Genghis was also rumored to have had
Hemophilia.
Ref : http://missingfactor.weebly.com/famous-people-with-hemophilia.html

21. On 10th December 2011 team of
British and American investigators
reported the successful treatment of
Hemophilia B using Gene therapy.