Heart Dissection Essay

Heart Dissection Essay
Heart Dissection The heart dissection lab was a great way to learn the different slices for imaging
the heart. I found this lab to be very helpful and enjoyable. Interactive learning processes like the
heart dissection help give me a better perspective on the image slices. I am a kinesthetic learner and
gain more knowledge when I am performing the task rather than listening or reading the
information. What made the dissection knowledgeable was having the heart in my hand and
performing the slice. My group was given the task of presenting the horizontal long axis slice on the
heart. Visualizing and performing that slice helped me understand the anatomy of the heart slice.
While viewing the slices of the short axis and vertical long axis
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Drying Of Potato Slices : Effect Of Pretreatments
DRYING OF POTATO SLICES: EFFECT OF PRETREATMENTS AND
MATHEMATICAL MODELINGjfpp_594 310..319
I˙BRAHIM DOYMAZ1
ABSTRACT
The effect of pretreatments on drying characteristics of potato slices was investigated in a cabinet
dryer. The experiments were conducted on potato slices with thickness of 8 mmat 65Cwith an air
velocity of 2.0 m/s.Prior to drying,potato sliceswere pretreated with citric acid solution (1:25 w/w, 3
min, 20C) or blanched hot water
(3 min, 80C). Besides, the untreated samples were dried as control. The shortest drying time was
obtained with potatoes pretreated with citric acid solution. The drying data were fitted with ten
mathematical models available in the literature. The results indicated thatMidilli et al., ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A possible method of storing potatoes and avoiding further deterioration is by drying treatment of
the product. Decreasing the moisture content guards against degradative reactions, fromboth the
physicochemical and microbiological points of view (Rosselló et al. 1992).
Drying is a classical method of food preservation, which provides an extension of shelf life,
lighterweight for transportation and less space for storage (Okos et al. 1992; Teles et al.
2006; Pardeshi et al. 2009). The main objective of any drying process is to produce a dried product
of desired quality at minimum cost and maximum throughput, and to optimize these factors
consistently (Teles et al. 2006). This process improves the food stability, since it reduces
considerably the water and microbiological activity of the material and minimizes physical and
chemical changes during its storage
(Hatamipour et al. 2007). Sun drying is the most common drying method of agricultural product in
the tropical and subtropical countries. This method is cheapest and is successfully employed in
various agricultural products.Moreover, it is traditionally practiced because there is negligible cost
in processing and work of spreading and turning the crop.
However, the long drying time is undesirable for economic reasons and because of the danger of
contamination and spoilage of the product exposed to the open environment
(Sacilik et al. 2006; Adedeji et al. 2008). To improve the quality of products,

Potato Osmosis Lab Report
Osmosis is the movement across a semipermeable membrane from a lower concentration to a higher
concentration. Hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic help describe the type of osmolarity of a cell.
Hypertonic means the water moves out of a cell to the higher solute which will make the cell shrink.
Hypotonic means the water moves in the cell to the higher solute which will make the cell swell.
Lastly, isotonic means the water moves in and out of the cell at the same rate, making the cell about
equal size to what it was originally. Usually, cells should ideally be isotonic so they do not swell and
burst or shrink and is not a good use to the organism's body. For example, red blood cells should to
be isotonic because red blood cells help the body ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The linear fit line for the data shows that 1.5 is a good amount of salt in 100 ml of water to have
potato slices be isotonic; however, the table data shows that there was 0.16% average difference in
the mass of the different potato slices for 1 gram of salt in 100 ml of water. 3% of salt in 100 ml of
water was too much salt and had –13.89% average percent difference in mass from the potato slices
which means that the salt water was hypertonic to the potato making the potato lose mass. This
concludes that 1%–1.5% of salt concentration is most isotonic to potato slices and you can see this
in the graph and in the average table for difference in mass. The % closest to 0 is the most isotonic
which means the potato slice didn't gain nor lose

Slice Of Life Shows Comparison
Going to school may be a chore for most students, but what if everything was not as it seemed for a
certain student? Both, at least start out as, slice of life shows. Slice of life is a popular genre in
Japanese animation where the story portrays parts of the character's life. It is a genre that is never by
itself and always goes along with other genres such as comedy, drama, or romance. Both shows
have some similarities and differences in the three categories of: types of characters, story lines, and
the format. Both of the shows have a main character that parallel each other. In Love, Chunibyo &
Other Delusions, Rikka Takanashi is a delusional character who believes she is a sorceress
possessed by the "Eye of the Wicked Lord" and wears an eyepatch to "seal its power". In School–
Live!, Yuki Takeya has delusions of her own, as she believes everything is perfectly fine and is
unable to notice the zombie apocalypse going on around her the whole time. Their reasoning for
believing in their delusions is quite similar in a way, and in both shows, the other characters tend go
along with their delusions to keep them happy. While there are similarities in the characters,
differences obviously exist as well. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First of all, both shows are in the slice of genre as said before. While Love, Chunibyo & Other
Delusions is about the school life of a group of odd characters with some who believe themselves to
have powers, School–Live! is about a character who believes herself to have a normal school life
despite the "club activities" being survival missions to gather more food or equipment to survive the
zombies. The other similarity is that both start out fairly slow as slice of life before getting into the
action or drama heavily near the end. The stories and setup for each show as a zombie or comedy
series influence the differences between each much as more characters are introduced or backstories
are

Key Elements Of Lecture Power Point Slices And Some Studies
3. Key elements of EIBI
Combine lecture power point slices and some studies, there are several key elements of EIBI have
been noticed. Firstly, there is an empirical evidence that children who enter interventions at younger
ages make greater gains than those children who interventions at older ages (Corsello, 2005).
Howlin, Magiati and Charman (2009) also indicated that the intervention should begin as early as
possible, ideally before the age of 3 years of children with autism. Secondly, most studies have
showed that EIBI is delivered intensively, the intervention typically lasted at least 2 years and
involved upwards to 40 hours of therapy each week (Reichow & Wolery, 2009; Love, Carr, Almason
& Petursdottir, 2009). In 1987, Lovaas compared 40 or more hours a week and over at least 2 years
of intensive 1:1 behaviour analytic treatment to a minimal treatment control group which was less
than 10 hours of 1:1 instruction, and to a second group of children receiving non–behavioural
services elsewhere. Among the intensive treatment children, 47% (9 of 19) were successfully
completed first grade and scored in the average to above average range on standardized IQ tests
(gain up to 30 points) and other measures (Weiss, 1999; Howlin, Magiati & Charman, 2009). In
addition, the general aim of the intervention is to enhance or develop cognitive, communication,
language acquisition, play, social and self–help skills while reducing autistic symptomatology and
other challenging behaviors

Apple Lab Experiment : The Purpose Of The Apple Lab...
The purpose of the "Apple Lab Experiment" was to identify the reasons for the browning of the
apple in four different scenarios. Upon exposure to air and when the cortex of the apple is cut, the
colour changes, which is also known as the browning of the apple. (Di Guardo et al., 2013) Apples
contain an enzyme called polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which is responsible for the browning of the
apple. (Di Guardo et al., 2013) When in contact with O2 (Oxygen), the polyphenol oxidase catalyzes
quinones which in turn undergo self–polymerization resulting in the brown pigment. (Di Guardo et
al., 2013) The degradation of the compartments in the internal cellular structure can also be
attributed to the gene known as Polygalacturonase gene. (Di Guardo et al., 2013) In addition to the
gene, the degradation of the compartments within the cellular structure causes the browning in
apples to appear. (Di Guardo et al., 2013) Temperature plays a vital role in enzyme action as well
because enzymes work in certain temperatures. They cannot function properly in very high or low
temperatures as they start to denature and therefore their activity is inhibited. (Di Guardo et al.,
2013) Ascorbic Acid can be used to temporarily inhibit the activity of the polyphenoloxidase (PPO),
which is the enzyme responsible for the browning on the slices of the apple. (Di Guardo et al., 2013)
This temporary inhibition of the enzyme occurs due to a series of oxidation, reduction reactions
between the ascorbic acid and

Explain How To Make A Peanut Butter And Jam Sandwich
How to make a Peanut Butter and Jam sandwich
Collect your materials
Two Slices of Bread
Jam Jar
Peanut Butter Jar
Plate or Napkin
Knife or Spoon (for spreading the Jam or Peanut Butter)
Open your bread bag
Lay your two slices of bread next to each other on your plate or napkin. Open your peanut butter jar.
Collect your desired amount of peanut butter with your knife or spoon and begin to spread the
peanut butter evenly across the topside on your left slice of bread
Your slices should look like this (keep in mind the drawings are a computer render so it will not look
exactly as shown but it is similar)
Wipe off the excess peanut butter on the other slice of bread.
Close your peanut butter jar
Open your jam jar
With the same knife,

Diffusion And Osmosis Lab Report
For anatomy and physiology we were learning about human and plant cells. With this lesson we
concentrated on the concepts of diffusion and osmosis. Diffusion is the movement of molecules in
general from an area of high concentration to low concentration. An example of diffusion is when
you spray air freshener. Slowly the smell will spread from one side of a room to another where it is
not present, this is diffusion. Now osmosis is a special type of diffusion dealing with the movement
of water molecules from an area of high concentration to a low concentration. An experiment that
was conducted in class took place to physically observe the effects of osmosis through placing plant
cells (a potato slice) in three different solutions containing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
As soon as I submerged the potatoes I recorded the solution levels. Starting time was 12:30pm. The
isotonic solution level was 3.5cm, hypertonic 3.7cm, and hypotonic 4.3cm. Be sure to start with
equal parts of each solution to ease the experiment and it will help see the change in the levels, this
was my flaw in the experiment. After fifteen minutes I recorded the levels again with the isotonic
remaining the same, hypertonic not at 3.8cm, and hypotonic at 4.1cm. After these measurements
were taken I proceeded on with the experiment and let fifteen more minutes pass to complete the
thirty minutes of the experiment. At this point, now 1:00pm, I recorded the solution levels a final
time with the isotonic solution at 3.5cm, hypertonic at 3.8cm, and hypotonic at 4.1cm. Lastly I
observed the physical character of each potato slice from the solutions. The potato slice from the
isotonic solution had no changes due to the solute outside of it being of the same concentration
allowing water to move in and out at a constant rate. Once I removed the slice from the hypertonic
solution it instantly wilted over with a weakened structure. The water from inside the plant cells
moved out to equalize the outer concentration of solute or salt. With the potato from the hypotonic
solution, once removed, had swollen a bit because water from the outside surrounding moved into
the cell to equalize the solute within it. One difference of the effects on plant cells versus the
animal/human cells is when a human blood cell is surrounded by a hypotonic solution, as the water
continues to move into the cell it will eventually burst or lyse because it does not contain strong cell
walls like that of a plant cell. As a human blood cell is surrounded by a hypertonic solution is will
shrink or crenate almost to the physical shape of a raisin, in which blood clots may form while a
plant cell may

Elo's Slice To Far
Should a spectator who views a ballet for the very first time be concerned whether it was created in
1994, 1998, 2006 or 2017? Or if it was choreographed by Lynne Taylor–Corbett, Peter Martins,
Jorma Elo or Justin Peck?
Like so many contemporary ballets Chiaroscuro contains sequences which seem strange or peculiar.
Set to attractive Baroque music, it is nonetheless an appealing work. Seeing Ashley Laracey and
Brittany Pollack (both looking positively gorgeous) in this piece alone was worth the price of
admission to program No. 8 of the Festival. These two were well–complemented by Lauren King
and the three men in the cast, particularly Andrew Veyette, who had an effective part. This is the sort
of ballet with a vague narrative that intrigues you.
Conversely, the Baroque music chosen for Slice to Sharp is less engaging, despite being in part by
Vivaldi. Elo's reaction on first listening to the latter's composition, as described in the program note,
is worth noting: "he felt 'It was extreme playing on the edge of madness' ". This explains somewhat
what transpires on stage; but I find neither the baroque melodies nor the accompanying "modern
movement" in this ballet especially beautiful. Watching the four(!) principal women–Ashley Bouder,
Maria ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Things are not so simple in practice, however–particularly one would suppose for choreographers.
That Martins' Stabat Mater served as a tribute to a much–loved ballet teacher who had recently
passed away is certainly quite laudable. Yet is it proper to create a ballet in any way connected to the
crucifixion of Christ and Mary's suffering? A convincing, powerful effort would manage to be at the
same time undeniably beautiful (the main function of ballet) and absolutely shattering. Stabat Mater
is just the former. Would it be palatable fare to NYCB audiences if it were somehow also the

The Use Of Ltp And Burst Frequency
fEPSP data The fEPSP was measured in four groups of brain slices, 10 minutes before and 30
minutes after HFS. The results show that all four groups of brain slices had an increase in fEPSP
from baseline following HFS (Figure 1a). Therefore, overall LTP was seen in all four groups of
brain slices. The two groups of brain slices that were kept at 32°C showed a greater increase in
fEPSP from baseline following HFS than the two groups of brain slices kept at 25°C. In the two
groups of brain slices kept at 25°C, the group of brain slices stimulated at a frequency of 5Hz had a
greater increase in fEPSP from baseline, than the group stimulated at a frequency of 2.9 Hz. These
results show that, although not significant, temperature appears to have an effect on the induction of
LTP and burst frequency has very little effect on LTP at a temperature of 32°C; but, at a temperature
of 25°C, it can be observed that burst frequency has an effect on LTP, however this is not significant.
Because fEPSP increased in all four of the groups of brain slices, this indicates that LTP can be
induced over a range of burst frequencies. Grover et al. (2009) found that LTP occurred with burst
frequencies ranging from 0.05 to 10 Hz. However, unlike Grover et al. (2009) who found that
stimulation in the delta range induced the most prominent LTP, this experiment did not find this
same effect. However, in the two groups of brains slices kept at a temperature of 25°C it appears as
though a burst

The Slice Of A Knife
The Slice of a Knife He didn't look that dead. Apart from the river of blood rushing out the gaping
neck wound, he looked pretty much the same as he did a few minutes before. His hand was still
clasped around his bottle of beer and face was still frozen in a permanent gaze of boredom. The only
thing different about James's face was the single tear that rolled down his cheek and hung on the
cliff of his chin amongst his stubble. As it fell from his face, his body smashed forward into the
wooden table. And in that moment I felt completely alone. James was the only reason I was there
with the oudious group of so–called 'friends'. Only a few moments before we had been having a
wonderful time, drinking wine out of chipped coffee mugs and reminiscing about 'the good old
days'. Then in a beat of a heart, the lights gave out. Exploded glass cascaded from the ceiling and the
sudden fright caused everyone to panic. There were a few minutes of clattering in the murky
darkness before Bill switched his massive solar–powered lamp he (ever so conveniently) had with
him. So typical of Bill, why had he even brought a lamp in the first place, particularly a solar
powered one. He had also carried an excessive amount of electronic devices that he immediately
proceeded to plug in as soon as he got the chance, perhaps thats why the power gave out. James was
murdered in that dark but did Bill have reason to see James dead? With James out of the way he
would be in total control of their company,

Fight For The Last Slice
Nowadays, as human activities have increasingly negative effects on the environment and critical
resources, the ideology of being environment–friendly is widely advertised around the world. As a
result, producers try to advance green capitalism to urge consumers to purchase their ostensibly
environment–friendly products to help the environment. This article examines how the following
image "Fight For the Last Slice" is related to green capitalism and how the producers greenwash
their non–eco part.
Firstly, there is some brief analysis of this image. This is a print ad of a Spanish pizza restaurant,
Pizza & Love. From the large white bold "FIGHT FOR THE LAST SLICE", that this advertisement
is more focus on an economical lifestyle, which is what the restaurant wants to introduce to their
consumers. The round pizza can be seen as the world, and the green cauliflowers on that veggie
pizza represent the forest resources. The last slice of veggie pizza represents a serious environment
situation in the world, which raise the consumers ' awareness of environment protection. The words
in the bottom left corner below the red logo "We make pizza not global warming" and "100%
recycled boxes" try to show that Pizza & Love is an eco–friendly restaurant, and is really focus on
the environment situation.
However, this is just a greenwashing of this pizza restaurant. Greenwashing is considered as "the act
of misleading consumers regarding the environmental practices of a company or the

Slice Of Cherry Research Paper
In the story Slice of Cherry it states, " But what if the monsters come?"
"Fancy." Kit looked away from the drama to stare at her sister, surprised. "We are the monsters."
Jonbenet Ramsey passed the Christmas night in the year of 1996. About 21 years later pass, and the
case still has not been solved. All three members of the immediate family were questioned by
investigators, but many believe that the kidnappers have done this. On the night of December 25th
John Bennett spotted a ransom note. The kidnappers demanded that they must give 118,00 dollars
and they will return their daughter safely. Couple hours past and John find his daughter dead in the
basement of their house. However, many believe that ransom note was made up. They believe that

Taking a Look at Neurotransmitter Release
Neurotransmitter release is a key step to neuro–transmission, in the middle of the 20th century; it
has been clearly revealed that chemical signals transfer the great majority of the information in the
brain. Therefore, different neurochemistry approaches have been emerged to investigate
neurotransmitter release process. Later, introducing a radiolabeled precursor into the CNS and
measuring the accumulation of a radiolabeled product have made critical improving and developing
in vitro preparations approaches including isolated nerve ending fractions or synaptosomes, cultured
cells and tissue slices. However, in this study we focused on the use of brain slices, as well as intact
structure giving a close picture of th in vivos situation. The tissue slice method was introduced by
Warburg in 1920s to investigate the energy metabolism of tissues slice and Henry McIlwain
extended it to study brain metabolism. Currently, slices structure is an accepted technique for
studying many aspects of neurobiology. Slices are made using a mechanical device, such as a tissue
chopper or vibrato me. Subsequently, they are immediately transferred into cold carbongenated iso–
osmotic salt solution. Tissue slices are used with and without radiolabeled tracers dependent on the
case of studies. Subsequently they are transferred into small chamber and superfused 1 hour with
fresh carbongenated medium to achieve stability. Following equilibration slices can then be exposed
to chemical and/or electrical

Campus Slice: Personal Narrative Analysis
In May of 2012, I became a co–owner of a restaurant called Campus Slice. It was a newly built
pizzeria located directly across the street from Tuskegee University. I came up with the concept of
Campus Slice with two of my peers; it was a pizza lounge for students of Tuskegee University as
well as the community in order to bring everyone together and create revenue for a poverty stricken
area. As a young girl, I always told others I wanted to be a business mogul. My time in college
revealed my entrepreneurship spirit, by senior year I had developed so many new activities and
events in the role President of these organizations, I was elected Senior Class President. During the
summer of my last year I was approached by the SGA president at the

Constructing A Peanut Butter And Jelly Sandwich Lab Report
Constructing a peanut butter and jelly sandwich encompasses a number of steps. First, open the jar
of peanut butter by holding the jar by the side in one hand and screwing the lid off of the jar using
your fingers on the other hand. Then repeat the same procedure to open the jar of jelly. Using your
fingers, lift up the knife in the middle of the handle and insert the knife, blade down, into the jar of
peanut butter. Keeping your fingers on the knife's handle, rotate the knife in the jar, so that the knife
accumulates a dollop of peanut butter. Extract the knife by the handle out of the peanut butter jar
and use the knife to smoothly spread the peanut butter onto the top of one of the slices of bread.
When you have finished spreading the peanut

Peanut Butter And Jelly Research Paper
Directions for Making a Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwich Items needed: A bag of White or Wheat
Sliced Bread (whatever your preference) A jar of Crunchy or Creamy Peanut Butter A jar of Jelly
(whatever flavor) A Plate A Butter Knife/Spatula– Used for spreading the peanut butter. A Spoon–
Used for spreading the Jelly. Side Note: The last two items on the list are used to prevent cross
contamination between the peanut butter and jelly jars. Before you can begin to make the peanut
butter and jelly sandwich you must purchase the items on the list from a grocery store, unless you
have these items on hand or in your kitchen. Precautionary measure: Make sure the person eating
the peanut butter and jelly sandwich is not allergic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Open the bread bag and remove two slices of bread. Lay them down side by side onto the clean
plate. 4. Then open the peanut butter and jelly jars. 5. Using the butter knife or spatula, retrieve
approximately 1 tablespoon of peanut butter or desired amount and spread the peanut butter onto
one of the slices of bread evenly. Use caution when spreading the peanut butter onto the bread
because it is thick and can cause the slice of bread to tear. Tip: If the peanut butter is too hard to
spread on the piece of bread without tearing. Put the peanut butter in a bowl and microwave it for
10–20 seconds to aid in the ease of spreading. 6. Using the spoon, scoop up approximately 1
tablespoon of jelly or desired amount. Put the jelly onto the second slice of bread and use the back
of the spoon to spread the jelly evenly. 7. When putting the two slices of bread together make sure to
place the slice of bread with peanut butter top of the slice of bread with jelly. Doing this, will
prevent jelly from sliding off the slice of bread with the jelly on it. 8. You can either eat the
sandwich as it is or you can cut the peanut butter and jelly sandwich in half with the knife
diagonally or lengthwise which ever you desire. If you are not a fan of the crust on the bread this
can be cut off with the knife as

Grilled Cheese Research Paper
Most people love Grilled Cheese. People love to dip their Grilled Cheese in their soup during
Winter. This Grilled Cheese is the cheesiest Grilled Cheese ever! This grilled cheese was made in
following steps: getting prepared to cook, then actually cooking, and finally eating your Grilled
Cheese.
The first step to is to prepare the ingredients that are needed to make the grilled cheese. The cook
needs to make sure that they have a small skillet pan, a can of Pam non–stick spray, a butter knife, a
regular cutting knife, a paper plate, and a spatula. The cook will also need: two slices of bread of
their choice, five slices of cheese of their choice, and a tablespoon of butter of your choice. Now
that all ingredients are together, the cook will

A Slice Of Life Genre
A Slice of Life genre has the capacity to tell a story about society itself through a small relatable
story. In the shows that fall under the category of the Slice of life genre, the viewer is able to see a
reflection of life allowing them to make their own judgements. As the viewer you get to know the
characters from just their interactions. In a Slice of Life genre you get to witness firsthand how
different character driven narrative is different from linear narrative. Clannad establishes people as
irrevocably social creatures, and justifies their sincerity. In Clannad the viewer's learn firsthand that
each character in this world just wants to be happy, but unfortunately this world is unforgiving and
has dealt them all a bad hand. Clannad uses character driven narrative to deliver this viewpoint
brilliantly. With Character driven narrative Clannad molds each character to be resemble realistic
characteristics of a human. In linear narrative the story is more important than the personal
character. In a character driven narrative the viewer comes to know and care about them on a deeper
level. The character driven stories in Clannad leave a profound effect on the viewer, making them
reconsider the situations of people that they see in their own lives. Through social commentary and
moral struggles, the viewer can genuinely begin to respect each fictional character as a human
being.
Every character has a story behind their sad or happy mask. With character driven narrative

The Diffusion Of A Potato Slice Meaning Plant Cells And...
In this experiment we will learn the effects of hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions on a
potato slice meaning plant cells and the difference between osmosis and diffusion. "Osmosis is
when something is dissolved in something."(Sheppard) This is where the solute and solvent come in,
solute dissolves in the solvent. "Osmosis is a type of passive transport that involves the net
movement of water from an area of high concentration of water to an area of low concentration of
water. Osmosis occurs when solutions with different concentrations of solutes are separated by a
selectively permeable or semi permeable membranes through which water can pass, but solutes
cannot pass."(McKinley) Diffusion also as diffuse meaning to separate or spread, in this case we are
talking about how diffusion works when dealing with solutions. "The strict definition of diffusion is
the movement of particles from an area of high density to an area of low density, or the movement
of a substance down its concentration gradient. This is basically just a posh way of saying that
things move from where there 's lots of it to where there 's not much of it."(Tim Sheppard) "When
understanding diffusion, we know that particles tend to move down their concentration gradients,
creating a uniform distribution of particles. Osmosis is a process that moderates diffusion, and stops
a uniform distribution from occurring. It is due to the presence of a solute and a semi permeable
membrane."(Khan) "Hypertonic

Hippocampal Slices
Figure 6. Gamma oscillations are impaired in the hippocampal CA3 region of sdy slices.
Hippocampal slices were prepared from sdy mice and their WT littermates for recordings in the
CA3 area. (A) Sample power spectrogram (top) and voltage traces after CCH treatment (bottom); 20
M CCH was added to the bath at 10 min after baseline recordings. (B) Mean power spectral
density of LFPs. (C) Integrated power spectral density of LFPs at 20–80 Hz recorded from the CA3
region of hippocampal slices prepared from WT mice and their sdy littermates injected with
designated lentivirus in the CA3 region; 20 M CCH was added to the bath at 10 min after baseline
recordings; slices treated with Mdivi–1 were perfused with 100 M Mdivi–1 at 10 min before ...
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5–week–old sdy mice and their WT littermates were injected with virus and implanted with
optoelectrodes or optic fibers in the CA3 region, and then subjected to in vivo recording and the
NOR test. (A) Experimental schedule. (B) NOR test protocol. (C) The site of viral injection and
placement of optoelectrode. The image shows the expression of Cry2–Drp1 (red) and CIB1–Drp1
(green) and DAPI staining (blue) at the injection site. (D) Time–frequency spectrogram of LFP
oscillations before and after object exploration during the test session of NOR. The dashed line
indicates the time when the mouse started exploration. (E, F) Ratio of the gamma–range integrated
power spectral density during novel object exploration to that during familiar object exploration
(Gamma N/F) before and after light stimulation. (G, H) Ratio of the theta–range integrated power
spectral density during novel object exploration to that during familiar object exploration (Theta
N/F) before and after light stimulation. (I, J) Ratio of time exploring the novel object to that
exploring the familiar object (Exploration N/F) before and after light stimulation. Data are presented
as mean ± SEM; * p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Supplementary Figure 1. Mitochondria are elongated in sdy
mice. Hippocampal slices cultured from sdy mice and their WT littermates were transduced with
lentivirus expressing mitoDsRed. Histograms show cumulative probabilities of mitochondrial length
in WT and sdy slices.

Salt Concentration On The Mass Of A Potato Lab
The purpose of this lab was to determine the effect of solutions with different salt concentrations on
the mass of a potato slice. The data collected and analyzed in this experiment seems to support the
hypothesis, which stated that the mass of a potato slice would decrease, as the salt concentration
increased. This can be evidenced in Graph 1 where the downward slope of the data shows a negative
correlation between salt concentration and average percent change.
During the experiment, only the potato slices placed in distilled water gained mass. Their mass
increased by approximately 0.915%. This indicates that distilled water is hypotonic to potatoes,
which results in water diffusing from the salt solution to the inside of the potato through

The Enzymatic Browning Of Apples
The Enzymatic Browning of Apples
Practical experiment:
The purpose of the experiment is to measure the level of browning, due to the effects of the enzyme
called polyphenol oxidase (phenolase), on apple slices exposed to different Ph. levels.
When exposed to oxygen the enzyme catalyzes the reaction creating melanins (brown pigments) on
the fruit. Soaking the apple slices in acetic acid, orange juice (ascorbic acid), tap water and calcium
carbonate (alkaline) will affect the rate in which the apple slices brown. The reduction of the
browning is dependent on the Ph. levels of the soaking solutions, also soaking the apple slice in
water will restrict the amount of oxygen that comes into contact with the apple thus temporarily
inhibiting the effects of the phenolase.
Understanding the Prac:
By peeling or cutting fruit and vegetables the enzymes that are stored within the plant cells are
released. When in the presence of oxygen the enzyme phenolase catalyzes the biochemical reaction
of converting phenolic compounds into melanins. Enzymatic browning occurs optimally between a
PH of 5.0 and 7.0.
Browning can also occur via the bruising or other injury to the plant tissue, exposing the enzyme to
oxygen. Although enzymatic browning is not always a defect, for instance it is required in the
process of making raisins, coffee, prunes and cocoa, it does however have significant effects on the
fruits and vegetables that do not require browning such as apples. Enzymatic browning not only

Art Education For Public Schools Persuasive Slice
Outline: Art Education for Public Schools Persuasive Slice Brain experimentation confirmation is
one of the several proofs education as well as commitment in fine arts is constructive for a child 's
educational process. Beginning from an improved clarity and creativity in being able create ideas to
increased awareness in mind, body, voice, arts education has had a tremendous impact. In its several
ways, it supports the advancement of the whole child along with preparation of a life filled with
opportunities for learning and delight. Art education is sadly interpreted as more of a 'luxury' rather
than a 'must' to a child's education; although research has proved that simple, creative activities
serve as essential building blocks for a student 's future development. In addition, the fine arts
provide students non–academic aid such as an increase in self–esteem, motivation, improved
emotional expression and appreciation in diversity. Students cherish that their "voice" and interests
are listened to and understood by others. Children gave form to their feelings through drawing and
paintings. All fibers are highly important for a young mind, so why is art not a part of a student 's
curriculum? In these past few years, there has been big concern between educators in the
relationship in arts–based learning and human development. The arts construct neural systems
building a variety of profits running between fine motor skills to creativity and enhanced emotional
balance. Gaining

Kimbo Slice Essay
Professional mixed martial artist Kimbo Slice, 42, has died this evening at Florida hospital from
heart failure, according to ESPN. Police officer Carla Kmiotek of the Coral Springs police
department has told Yahoo Sports no foul play is suspected. Kmiotek also added they already
dispatched a team of officers to Slice's home to prevent and control the gathering of the crowd
outside his home. "We are all shocked and saddened by the devastating and untimely loss of Kimbo
Slice, a beloved member of the Bellator family," Bellator president Scott Coker said in a statement
via the ESPN, calling Slice "a charismatic, larger–than–life personality that transcended the sport."
"Outside of the cage he was a friendly, gentle giant and a devoted family man," Coker said. "His
loss leaves us all with extremely heavy hearts, and our thoughts and prayers are with the entire
Ferguson family and all of Kimbo's friends, fans, and teammates." ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The 42–years–old Kimbo his MMA debut in 2007, and won his UFC debut in 2009. The 6–foot–2
inch, 225 pounds MMA fighter has an impressive professional record of 5–2 with four came by way
of knockouts. In 2009, Slice signed a deal with the UFC to headline on Season 10 of "The Ultimate
Fighter, where he face and eliminated by Roy Nelson in the opening round. Slice fought once more
in the UFC and was knocked out in the second round by Matt Mitrione at UFC 113. The former
streetfighter was signed to Bellator MMA and scheduled to fight at Bellator 158 on July 16 in
London against James Thompson. Slice last fought at Bellator 149 on Feb. 19 in Houston, where he
defeated Dhafir Harris in a three–round decision, but the result was later overturned by the Texas
commission after Slice tested positive for banned

Extinguing Fire Research Paper
In the fire service, strategies and tactics for extinguishing fire are essential for the management of
emergency situations. These strategies and tactics have given firefighters a guide to follow to ensure
that a fire is extinguished in the best way possible. Three common models are SLICE–RS,
DICRES–VO, and RECEO–VS. The letters for SLICE–RS stand for the following: S– Size up, L–
Locate the fire, I– Identify and control the flow path, C– Cool from a safe location, E– Extinguish
the fire, R– Rescue, and S– Salvage. Some of the advantages that SLICE–RS has is that SLICE–RS
is intended for to serve for the first engine on scene. The model is very clear and paints a picture of
what the roll of the fireman is. A disadvantage of this method is ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
An advantage of this model is that it has isolation as a component while slicers does not. A
disadvantage of this model is that it is mostly used for interior attack, not interior and exterior. A
unique aspect of DICERS–VO verses SLICE–RS is that there is an indication of ventilation as
needed. RECEO–VS is another strategy for fighting fire. The letters stand for: R– rescue, E–
exposure, C– confinement, E– extinguishment, O– overhaul, V– ventilation, S– salvage. An
advantage of this system is that rescue is first. This could also be a disadvantage because in some
cases rescue is dangerous. I also think that ventilation should be earlier in the process for more
effective extinguishment. All of the models above are good to use during firefighting and all of them
have their own advantages. If I were to choose a model to use in practice, I would choose SLICE–
RS. Today's fires are hotter, and burn faster. The earlier that you apply water to cool the fire, the
slower the fire growth rate will be. SLICE–RS is plain and simple, and is easy to use, even under the
pressure of fighting a fire. I like how it has a step–by–step format. It's almost like a check–off sheet.
The other models are also good and valuable, but they sometimes be confusing/vague. This is why I
prefer SLICE–RS over any of the other

Grilled Cheese Research Paper
How to Make a Grilled Turkey and Cheese Sandwich
By: Isadora Villanueva
There is one food that is known to be a favorite across the nation for lunch. The infamous grilled
cheese! Everyone loves this tasty sandwich. But, not many people know how to make it!
There are many different variations of the grilled cheese, but my favorite is to eat it with turkey. So,
that is what I am going to teach you how to make.
The first thing you should do when making this delicious food is of course to get out the materials
and ingredients. You need an oven (of course), a pan, 1 slice of cheese (any kind you want), 2–3
slices of turkey, 2 pieces of bread, and some butter along with a butter knife.
Next, heat up the stove to medium heat (4–5). While you wait

Slice: A Short Story
Slice pulled himself of the wall, stared at the both of them and said in a fuck it tone of voice. "Hey
man let's play." That was always his answer when things were at its worst. "Who knows it might
help. Come on let's give it a try. How about it?" "What are we going to play on Slice? Take a look
around, there's nothing here," Juice swore, then realize what he just said himself and turned his
attention quickly back to his little brother. "What happened to all your stuff? Have you been
robbed?" "Gnaw man. The only thing that was stolen around here was my heart. All my stuff is over
B.J. and Crash's pad. I took it over there when you went to see Mom." Juice curiosity took a giant
leap forward. "Why did you do that?" "Jay though ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Who's Fashion?" Slice finally truly woke up from his initial shock and cut in. "I know that group
and their sound stinks, but their lyrics are unbelievable. If I didn't know better Juice, I would swear
that your little brother here was moonlighting. As your brother just said, there's nothing special
about the group except the lead singer. She's the only thing worth salvaging. The rest of them should
be scrapped or turned into a bad Las Vegas lounge act. I've never seen them in person, but I heard
them on the radio" "Guys I have some bad news." He looked towards his older brother. "Juice
remember when we were kids, I told you that someday I was going to write a book of songs so hot
that it world set the whole world on fire. "Yeah man, I was ten and you were about seven or eight.
You took some paper and a pencil into the bathroom and wrote your first song. I remember it
because it was our first song we ever did together. It was the first song you put it into that book
grandpa gave you. The one with the African something or other symbol on its cover." "Well big
brother I finished it about three weeks ago and it was more than even I expected it would

Christina Rossetti's No Thank-You John and Robert Graves'...
Christina Rossetti's No Thank–You John and Robert Graves' A Slice of Wedding Cake
Poetry is a completely malleable form of expression that writers use as an outlet for emotion and
advocacy. Because each poet is distinct in form and content, a poet may harbor some characteristics
that bare a resemblance to work of another. If there is no room for comparison, a poem may have a
literary complement that sets up an interesting contrast between poems, or a poem may reinforce the
ideas of another poem. The works of Christina Rossetti and Robert Graves are no exception. Though
the two lived in different centuries, they both wrote about relationships between the sexes. Rossetti
and Graves' forms differed even as their contents played upon one ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Serving time with the army in World War I provided Graves with inspiration for his first published
work, "Goodbye to All That" ("Robert Graves" 2444). Starting with war as his subject, Graves
settled on domestic concepts and the annoyances of personal relationships ("Robert Graves" 2445).
Graves differs from most Georgian poets because his "visionary" and "colloquial" diction intertwine
in his works ("Robert Graves" 2444). The language in his poetry creates a conversational rhythm in
his stanzas ("Robert Graves" 2444). Graves' tone is no contrast to his language. The Norton
Anthology includes that Graves writes in a way that combines "the ironic and the visionary"
("Robert Graves" 2444). Graves' poetry has most accurately been labeled by the Norton Anthology
as "down–to–earth" ("Robert Graves" 2444). Graves lived his ordinary life until 1985 when he died
as a poet who would be remembered on two continents for his works.
"No Thank You John" was written in 1859 by Rossetti and after reading it, one would find it
impossible to forget the message of tactful rejection. In this poem, the speaker rejects the offering of
love from the persistent John. Her work speaks to the idea of unrequited love. The speaker contends
that she never told John that she loved him and that he knew she never loved him. As the poem
progresses, Rossetti's speaker moves from a simple refusal

Peanut Butter And Jelly Research Paper
Directions for Making a Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwich
Items needed:
A bag of White or Wheat Sliced Bread (whatever your preference)
A jar of Crunchy or Creamy Peanut Butter
A jar of Jelly (whatever flavor)
A Plate
A napkin
A Butter Knife/Spatula– Used for spreading the peanut butter.
A Spoon– Used for spreading the Jelly.
Side Note:
The last two items on the list are used to prevent cross contamination between the peanut butter and
jelly jars.
Before you can begin to make the peanut butter and jelly sandwich you must purchase the items on
the list from a grocery store, unless you have these items on hand or in your kitchen.
Procedures:
1. Be sure to sanitize the area you are going to use to prepare the sandwich.
2. Make sure the plate, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then open the peanut butter jar. Using your non–dominate pick up the peanut butter jar and hold the
bottom secure. Then grab the lid with your dominate hand and turn the lid counter clockwise to
unscrew and open the lid. Place the lid on the counter and leave the opened peanut butter jar in your
non–dominate hand.
5. Then pick up the butter knife or spatula with your dominate hand. While holding the peanut butter
jar secure take the butter knife or spatula and scrape out approximately 1 tablespoon of peanut butter
from the jar.
6. Put the peanut butter jar down onto the area you are using to make the sandwich. Then use your
now free hand to stabilize one of the slices of bread on the plate. Take the butter knife or spatula
with the 1 tablespoon of peanut butter that is in your other hand and spread the peanut butter onto
the slice of bread evenly. Use caution and be gentle when spreading the peanut butter onto the slice

of bread, it is thick and can cause the slice of bread to tear.
Tip: If the peanut butter is not spreading easily onto the piece of bread without the bread tearing. Put
the peanut butter in a small bowl and microwave it for 10–20 seconds to help aid in the ease of

Do You Love The Earth As Much As You Pizza?
Do you love the earth as much as you love pizza? In an advertisement for Pizza & Love, a pizza
place that uses recycled pizza boxes, shows a photograph of an opened brown pizza box with one
slice of pizza left. The only thing left on the round cardboard base where the pizza sat is grease and
a single slice of pizza. The advertisers used this round cardboard base to represent the earth and the
grease remaining on the round base forms the shape of the continents. The last slice of pizza is
loaded with greens, specifically broccoli. I don't think it was by accident that they chose broccoli
toppings on the pizza slice as broccoli look like small trees. The slice sits in what would be
considered South America and the Amazon rain forest. On the left hand side of the print–ad there are
the words in bold white font, one word per line, that states, "Fight for the last slice." In the bottom
right hand corner is the Pizza & Love's logo that says, "We make pizza not global warming." This
print–ad is very well thought out, and makes you think about the deeper meaning behind the ad.
In this print–ad, the first thing that caught my attention was the how the one slice of pizza left in the
box was only covered in greens on one side. It took a little to realize that the leftover grease and
pizza combined to create the earth. I felt it was clever how the grease darkened the cardboard
suggesting that the continents displayed in the grease were dry and dead. Also, the fact that the only
slice

Essay on The Effects of Temperature on Beetroot Cell...
Effects of Temperature on Beetroot Cell Membranes
Background Information: A cell membranes is a thin structure that surrounds the whole cell. It
contains the cytoplasm of a cell. The cell membrane is made up of hydrophilic region and a
hydrophobic region. The hydrophilic region likes water, it is on the outside of the cell, the
hydrophobic region is the inside of the cell where its protected from H2O. The cell membrane's
outer surface lets larger molecules into the cell. The inner surface deals with proteins that are
important for development and cellular function. The cell membrane contains specific proteins and
lipid components that enable it to perform its roles for the cell or organelle. A cell membrane can
perform many different ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After 90 seconds the test tube was removed and the water in the test tube was tipped out. 10ml of
tap water was then added to it and then left to stand in the test tube rack.
The beaker was then heated to 65c. The burner was then turned off and the water's temperature was
left to rise to 70c. 5 beetroot slices where then added to the test tube labelled 70c, then water was
added to the slices just to cover them. The 70c test tube was then placed into the beaker with the
water's temperature at 70c for 90 seconds. After 90 seconds the test tube was removed and the water
in the test tube was tipped out. 10ml of tap water was then added to it and then left to stand in the
test tube rack.
The beaker was then heated to 75c. The burner was then turned off and the water's temperature was
left to rise to 80c. 5 beetroot slices where then added to the test tube labelled 80c, then water was
added to the slices just to cover them. The 80c test tube was then placed into the beaker with the
water's temperature at 80c for 90 seconds. After 90 seconds the test tube was removed and the water
in the test tube was tipped out. 10ml of tap water was then added to it and then left to stand in the
test tube rack.
After 30 minutes the test tubes were shook and then held against a white background in a well lit
room. The colour of each solution was recorded.
Results:
Colour Intensity Scale 1 2

Potato Osmolarity Lab Report
Experiment 5.5
Estimating the Osmolarity of Potato Cells Through Diffusion & Osmosis
Sterling B. Porter
D. Nelson
BSC 115 – 011
14 November 2014
Abstract
During osmosis, solvents move across a semipermeable membrane in order to regulate the solute
balance within the cell (Campbell Biology). Experiment 5.5 was conducted to further research
osmotic activity, particularly in potato cells in different osmolarities of a NaCl solution. The goal of
the experiment was to find out whether the potato slices used would be hypotonic or hypertonic to
the different osmolarities. This process is relevant because without osmosis, the passage of solvents
would not be possible. To perform the experiment, seven potato slices were soaked in 5cm of a
different osmolarity level of a NaCl solution (0M – 0.6M) to determine whether each slice was
hypotonic or hypertonic to the NaCl solution it was placed in, based on percent weight change. The
prediction that the potato slices soaked in solutions with lesser osmolarities (0M – 0.1M) of NaCl
would be hypotonic to their solutions, and the potato slices soaked in solutions with higher
osmolarities (0.2M – 0.6M) would be hypertonic to their solutions was supported by this experiment
because the slices soaked in (0.2M – 0.6M) had ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After they soaked, they were dried, placed back in the Petri dishes, and individually weighed again
to determine whether each slice was hypotonic or hypertonic to the NaCl solution it was placed in,
based on percent weight change. When the experiment was complete, Microsoft Excel was used to
further analyze the data by viewing the percent weight changes for each potato slice in the form of a
Scatter Plot

Peeled Clementine
What are the Effects of Osmosis on a Peeled Clementine Which is Exposed to Water over Different
Amounts of Time? Purpose: To have gained better understanding of the process of osmosis on
clementine slices.
Background information:
Homeostasis is the tendency in organisms to maintain a stable internal environment while the
external environment changes. This is an essential component in the survival of living organisms,
because if they were not able to keep their internal environment stable then they would die off
whenever they experienced stimulus.
Every eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell has a selectively permeable membrane, also known as a cell
membrane. Its function is to help protect the cell and filter what can flow in and out of it. Some ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Step 2: A clementine was peeled and separated into slices. Four slices were taken.
Step 3: Each individual clementine slice was massed, their mass recorded in grams.
Step 5: 100 milliliters of water was poured into each cup.
Step 6: One clementine slice was placed in each cup with the use of tweezers. Those clementine
slices would from then on be referred to as slice A, slice B, slice C, and slice D.
Step 7: A timer was put on for one hour to let the clementine's go through the process of osmosis.
Step 8: After an hour had passed, each clementine slice was removed from its cup with tweezers, in
alphabetical order, and placed on the scale to mass it. The mass was then recorded. For example,
slice A was removed from its cup and massed, then recorded. It was then placed back into the cup
and slice B was removed, and so on.
Step 9: Step 7 and Step 8 were repeated until 6 hours had passed.
Step 10: the clementine's, cups, and water were disposed of.
Step 11: All of the data was added up together and averaged to create an average clementine osmosis
trend.

My Life : My Personal Reflection
I'm so glad I've been able to participate in a philosophy class like this. Art of the Living Ethically
has made me have many thoughts and ideas about what and how I do things. I never really even
thought out my core values or what I fully wanted to do with my life until this course. After sitting
around thinking, brainstorming, free writing, and asking others for advice my top value is family
and what I choose to stand up for is racism. With values and what you stand up for can be a sensitive
and serious subject it was hard to find a poem that elaborates on both topics so I have two separate
poems that spoke to me. The first is "A Tribute To Family" by Michelle A Morgan and the other is
called "Racism is Around Me Everywhere " by Francis Duggan.
I figured out how much family is important during the summer but I actually didn't think it was my
top value until I had to write it on paper. They have always been on my side through thick and thin
and I know I can always count on them without hesitation. In "A Tribute To Family" most of the
lines stick out to me because I can relate . It's hard for me to pick out the lines that mean to the most
to me because I feel like if I don't put one of his sentences in then it loses its significance. But the
poem reads I don't know when it started, Or how it all began.But God created families, As only our
Lord can.He was teaching what it means,To love, honor, and obey.He wanted a strong bond,That we
don't see too much today.He wanted

Top-Slice Drivers
Top–Slice Drivers
Two years ago the Top–Slice Company moved from just making golf balls to also producing
oversized drivers. Top–Slice makes three different models: the Bomber, the Hook King, and the Sir
Slice–A–Lot. As the names suggest, the last two clubs help correct for golfers who either hook or
slice the ball when driving. While, Top–Slice is pleased with the growing sales for all three models
(see the following tables), the numbers present Jacob Lee, the production manager, with a dilemma.
Jacob knows that the current manufacturing work cell is capable of producing only 2700 drivers per
month, and total sales seem to be rapidly approaching that number. Jacob's staff has told him it will
take at least three months to plan ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
c) Develop Simple Linear Regression model for Jacob Lee. ➢ Perform necessary measures to check
the performance of the model.
d) Perform necessary measures to compare the accurate of the models in (a) and (b).
e) Which model in (a) and (b) you will suggest to Jacob? Why?
f) According to your suggested model, ➢ Predict the sales for the month April 2006 to March 2007.
➢ When will Top–Slice need to have the expanded work cell up and running?
g) Base on (a) to (f), what do you recommend to Jacob Lee. Case2: Julia's Food Booth
Julia Robertson is a senior at Tech, and she's investigating different ways to finance her final year at
school. She is considering leasing a food booth outside the Tech stadium at home football games.
Tech sells out every home game, and Julia knows, from attending the games herself, that everyone
eats a lot of food. She has to pay $1,000 per game for a booth, and the booths are not very large.
Vendors can sell either food or drinks on Tech property, but not both. Only the Tech athletic
department concession stands cal sell both inside the stadium. She thinks slices of cheese pizza, hot
dogs, and barbecue sandwiches are the most popular food items among fans and so these are the
items she would sell. Most food items are sold during the hour before the game starts and during
half time; thus it

The Phenomena Of Osmosis, Discovered By Rjh Dutrochet
Background information
The phenomena of osmosis, discovered by RJH Dutrochet in 1826, has been a significant area of
interest in biology since. Osmosis is the process of diffusing water molecules through a selectively
permeable membrane to dilute solutions with high concentrations of solutes until that solution has
the same concentration as the solution on the other side of the membrane (Freeman, n.d., p. 96–99).
An important component of osmosis is diffusion, which is when molecules or ions in the presence of
a concentration gradient move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
(Borg, 2003, p. 13). The purpose is to have the same concentration of solutes on both sides of the
membrane and this process generally occurs when the solute causing the concentration gradient is
unable to traverse the selectively permeable membrane. Moreover, it is an example of passive
transport, meaning that it doesn't require energy (ATP).
WeThe original aim of this experiment was to observe and understand the effects of osmosis by
placing a slice of potato in both hypertonic and hypotonic solutions. The objectives have since been
expanded to include observing the effects of a sugary hypertonic solution (sucrose solution) in
addition to the previously used salty hypertonic solution (NaCl). It is unsure if the two solutions will
generate similar outcomes or if one of the two will be more effective in conducting osmosis.
Additional variables that will be added in the

Eating A Slice Of Chocolate Cake
When one thinks about eating a lemon, pursing of the lips, squinting of the eyes, and an extreme
sour taste all come to mind. On the other hand, when thinking about eating a slice of chocolate cake,
most people think about happy facial gestures as well as the sweet and satisfying taste. Why are
some flavors preferred more than others? How and when do we develop these preferences? First,
there are several different senses that play a role while eating. Gustatory (taste) senses, olfactory
(smell) senses, and oral somatosensory stimulation (temperature, texture, etc.) all make up what we
know as flavor. Gustatory senses include sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and savory (also known as
umami). While there are only a select few different tastes, there are hundreds of different scents that
the nose can identify. In addition, how the food feels on the tongue plays a role in the perception of
flavor. Although three separate components make up the perception of flavor, we perceive them all
as a single unit. This explains why, for example, it is harder to taste food when we have a stuffy
nose– we are unable to smell the food, and therefore the flavor perceived is not as prevalent. Our
preference for flavors begins before we are even born. Humans have innate flavor preferences (such
as sweet and savory) as well as preferences based on the food the mother consumes during
pregnancy. After birth, infants also learn to prefer flavors through formula and breastfeeding, as well
as repeated

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