This document describes a heart rate monitoring system using an Arduino. It discusses using a pulse sensor to detect heartbeats which are then sent to an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The Arduino calculates beats per minute over 10 seconds and displays it on an LCD screen. Potential benefits are monitoring heart health for those at risk of heart attacks. It outlines the hardware, components, schematics and programming involved. Future applications discussed include integrating ECG measurements into a wearable smart t-shirt.

1. HEART RATE MONITORING SYSTEM USING ARDUINO
Presented by
Group 31
TECHNO MAIN SALT LAKE
Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering
(ECE)
TECHNO MAIN SALT LAKE
SEC V , KOLKATA
SEMINAR
on

2. GROUP MEMBERS
GROUP 31
NAME
• Anirjit Datta Roy
• Antariksha Ghosh
• Indranil Sain
• Muntaj Mondal
• Nilava Chanda

3. PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Introduction
Average Heart Rates
Project Overview
Benefits of This Project
Detailed Descriptions of Hardware equipments &
Their Schemetic Diagram
Working Principle of Heart Beat Sensor
Arduino Program using Arduino IDE
Processing & Final Result
Future Scope
Resources

4. INTRODUCTION
 Heart beat sensor is designed to give digital output of heat beat
when a finger is placed on it.
 When the heart beat detector is working, the beat LED flashes in
unison with each heart beat.
 This digital output can be connected to microcontroller directly to
measure the Beats Per Minute (BPM) rate.
 It works on the principle of light modulation by blood flow through
finger at each pulse.

5. PROJECT OVERVIEW
• We in this project are measuring the heart beat using the IR Pulse
Sensor & Arduino Uno.
• The timer we have set for counting the heart beat is 10 seconds.
• There is a set point we can decide, after 10 seconds the heart beat
would be shown on the screen.

6. BENEFITS OF THIS PROJECT
Why heart rate monitor system is important?
• More than 2 million people are at a high risk of having heart attack
• It would be helpful if there was a way for these people to monitor
their heart.
• So basically for this purpose our project focuses on how we can utilize
this problem and find a solution

7. HARDWARES & EQUIPMENTS
Arduino Uno
Pulse sensor
LCD display(16x2)
Bread Board
10k potentiometer
1k resistors
220 ohm resistors
LM324 QUAD OPAMP IC
LED
Connecting wires
Power adopter

8. ARDUINO UNO
 The Arduino UNO is an open source microcontroller board based on
ATmega328p microcontroller.
 The board is euipped with sets of digital and analog I/O pins that
may be interfaced to various expansion boards and other circuit.
Features:
• ATmega328 microcontroller
• Input voltage -> 7-12V
• 14 Digital I/O Pins (6 PWM outputs)
• 6 Analog Inputs
• 32k Flash Memory
• 16Mhz Clock Speed
• SRAM 2 KB
• EEPROM 1KB
Operating Voltage 5V

9. ARDUINO UNO DIFFERENT PARTS – TOP VIEW

10. LM324 QUAD OPAMP IC
 LM324 is a Quad op-amp IC integrated with four op-amps powered
by common power supply.
 The differential input voltage range can be equal to that of power
supply voltage.
 FEATURES:
• Integrated with four Op-Amps in a single package
• Wide power supply Range
• Singe supply – 3V to 32V
• Dual supply – ±1.5V to ±16V
• Low Supply current – 700uA
• Single supply for four op-amp operation enables reliable operation
• Operating ambient temperature – 0˚C to 70˚C
• Soldering pin temperature – 260 ˚C (for 10 seconds – prescribed)

11. PULSE SENSOR
 The Pulse Sensor Amped is a plug-and-play heart- rate sensor for
Arduino.
 It essentially combines a simple optical heart rate sensor with
amplification and noise cancellation circuitry making it fast and
easy to get reliable pulse readings.
 Simply clip the Pulse Sensor to your earlobe or fingertip and plug
it into your 3 or 5 Volt Arduino and you’re ready to read heart
rate!
 Dimensions: 24” cable, 0.625" Diameter and 0.125" Thick

12. LCD DISPLAY
• LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module
and find a wide range of applications.
• A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used
in various devices and circuits.
• These modules are preferred over seven segments and other multi
segment LEDs.

13. ATmega328p
 The ATmega328p is a single chip microcontroller created by Atmel in
the megaAVR family (later microchip technology acquired Atmel).
 It has a modified havard architechure 8 bit risk processor core.
 USE OF ATmega328p
The Atmega328 is a very popular microcontroller chip produced by
Atmel. It is an 8-bit microcontroller that has 32K of flash memory, 1K
of EEPROM, and 2K of internal SRAM. The Atmega328 is one of the
microcontroller chips that are used with the popular Arduino
Duemilanove boards.

14. Key Parameters and Block Diagram of ATmega328p

15. CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC

16. WORKING PRINCIPLE OF HEART BEAT SENSOR
 The principle behind the working of the Heartbeat Sensor is
Photoplethysmograph.
 Usually, the source of light in a heartbeat sensor would be an IR
LED and an LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) or a Photo Transistor.
 With these two i.e. a light source and a detector, we can arrange
them in two ways: A Transmissive Sensor and a Reflective Sensor.

17. PROJECT SETUP ( TOP VIEW)

18. DISPLAYING FINAL OUTPUT

19. DISCUSSIONS
 A simple project involving Arduino UNO, 16×2 LCD and Heartbeat
Sensor Module is designed here which can calculate the heart rate
of a person.
 This project can be used as an inexpensive alternative to Smart
Watches and other expensive Heart Rate Monitors.
 EEG, ECG and others health parameters can also be monitored.
 Communications monitoring and future diagnosis can be the
performed via the same system.
 More than a single patient at different places can be monitored
using such system.

20. LIMITATIONS
 Logic used is very simple. Therefore, results may vary as for a
sophisticated instrument for the same purpose.
 Using this for long duration could lead to soreness and chafing
of the skin.
 Sudden faliure of network may hamper the working of the
system.

21. FUTURE SCOPE
ECG T-SHIRT :
 Wearable technology that measures body parameters has become increasingly
popular in recent years.
 ECG T-shirt was devoloped with a portable recorder for unobtrusive and long-term
multichannel ECG monitoring with active electrodes.
 The t-shirt can monitor data such as the wearer's heart rate, heart rate variability,
activities performed and calories burned, and share information over the cloud via a
mobile phone, tablet or PC.

22. WORKING PRINCIPLE OF ECG T-SHIRT
 The smart t-shirt has two built-in textile nanoelectrodes .
 The nanoelectrodes are on the inside of the shirt at chest level with traces that run
to the left sleeve.
 The ECG unit with a 12-hour rechargeable battery clamps onto the left sleeve
where it connects with a smartphone via Bluetooth.
 Press one button to start monitoring and the ECG unit collects and records data
from the leads which it sends on to the smartphone app where it is analyzed by an
AI algorithm.

23. RESOURCES
www.arduino.cc
https://circuitdigest.com
www.wikipedia.org
www.instructables.com
www.electronicshub.org
www.hackster.io