HDT Practical Exp. 6
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The document describes an experiment to determine the amount of eugenol, a phenolic compound with local anesthetic properties, present in clove oil by shaking a sample of the oil with potassium hydroxide solution, which solubilizes the eugenol but not other non-phenolic portions of the oil; the procedure involves transferring clove oil to a flask, adding potassium hydroxide solution, heating, then measuring the volume of the separated non-phenolic portion to calculate the volume of eugenol by difference.
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This document summarizes a seminar on adulteration in fats and oils, including methods to measure spoilage. It discusses common adulterants like sesame oil, cottonseed oil, and karanja oil that are added to expensive oils to increase profits. Analytical parameters for testing oils like iodine value, saponification value, and acid value are explained. Methods for detecting rancidity in oils like peroxide value testing, Kries test, and UV absorption are also outlined. The seminar was presented to provide an overview of oil adulteration issues and analytical techniques used for detection and measuring spoilage.
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This document describes procedures for determining the acid value and saponification value of oils and fats. The acid value is determined by titrating a sample of the oil or fat with potassium hydroxide to neutralize free fatty acids. The saponification value is measured by refluxing a sample with alcoholic potassium hydroxide, then titrating the unused KOH to determine the amount needed to saponify 1 gram of the sample. Both values provide information about the composition and quality of oils and fats.
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- 1. EXPERIMENT 6. DETERMINATION OF EUGENOL CONTENT OF CLOVE OIL. By Mrs. Poonam N. Chougule Assistant Professor and HOD of Pharmacognosy department AMCP, Peth-Vadgaon.
- 2. Aim: To determine the amount of Eugenol present in the given clove oil. Principle: Eugenol , a phenol occurs in the oil of clove and is used as local anesthetic against tooth ache. The determination eugenol depends on the fact that phenolic compounds containing volatile oil are reduced in volume, when shaken with potassium hydroxide, due to the solubility of phenols in alkali, but non- phenolic portion of the oil remains undissolved in potassium hydroxide solution. By using, cassia flask, the non- phenolic portion of the oil can be determined by difference in the volume of the phenolic portion, it can be calculated.
- 3. Procedure: Transfer from a burette, 10ml of clove oil into a cassia flask. Add 100 ml of potassium hydroxide solution (5% w/v of aqueous). Heat on a boiling water bath for 15min. With occasional shaking, cool and set aside until a clear oily layer is separated. Raise the oily layer to the graduated part using aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (5%). Determine the volume of the non-phenolic portion and calculate the volume of phenolic constituents.
- 4. Calculation: Eugenol + Aq. KOH Potassium eugenate + H2O Report:The amount of phenolic compound (eugenol) present in the clove oil was found to be---------.