The document discusses an H-bridge quad MOSFET driver for DC motor control, emphasizing its ability to control both the speed and direction of motors using a microcontroller. It details the design schematic, working mechanisms, and components like MOSFETs, comparators, and PWM techniques. Additionally, it highlights the practical applications of H-bridges in robotics and motor control systems.

1. “H-BRIDGE QUAD MOSFET DRIVER
FOR DC MOTOR CONTROL”
Submitted by
Ritesh Kakkar
2011-12
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
SHIVALIK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEHRADUN (UTTARAKHAND)-248001
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2. Acknowledgement
A special thanks to Mr.Rohan Raj of the Department of
Electrical & Electronics Engineering for his support and guidance
throughout the Project preparation. Also, special thanks to
Er.A.K.Gupta, Head of Department, Department of Electrical &
Electronics Engineering for supporting our endeavor .
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3. I. Introduction
An H-Bridge is an electronic power circuit that allows motor
speed and direction to be controlled. Often motors are controlled from
some kind of ”brain” or micro controller to accomplish a mechanical
goal. The micro controller provides the instructions to the motors, but
it cannot provide the power required to drive the motors.
An H-bridge circuit inputs the micro controller instructions and
amplifies them to drive a mechanical motor. This process is similar to
how the human body generates mechanical movement; the brain can
provide electrical impulses that are instructions, but it requires the
muscles to perform mechanical force. The muscle represents both the
H-bridge and the motor combined. The H-bridge takes in the small
electrical signal and translates it into high power output for the
mechanical motor.
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4. II. Project Requirment
1. MOSFET IRF 9540/540
2. MICRO-CONTROLLER (PIC16F67X)
3. COMPARATOR LM339
4. PMDC MOTOR
5. DIODE 1N4007
6. PCB, WIRES, RESISTANCE, POTTENTIAL METER, REQULATOR
7805, etc.
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5. III. Design Schematic
The integrated circuit allows N-Channel Power MOSFETS driving in a full H-bridge
configuration and is best suited for DC Motor Control Applications. The four drivers
outputs are designed to allow MOSFET switching.
The speed and direction of the motor are to be set by two pins. Voltage across the
motor is controlled by low side Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). This PWM feature
can be made internally when the input pin is connected to an analog signal, or it can
be given directly from a digital source.
Fig. Design schematic of H-BRIDGE QUAD MOSFET DRIVER FOR DC MOTOR CONTROL
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6. Fig. Microcontroller (PIC16F676) pin diagram
Moreover, integrates a 5V voltage regulator suitable as a power supply output for the
microcontroller.Using this circuit speed control of DC motor is achieved.
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7. III.WORKING
Bridge : The power electronics actually form a letter H configuration, as shown in
figure. The switches are symbolic of the electronic Power MOSFETs which are used
for switching.
If it is desired to turn the motor on in the forward direction, switches 1 and 4 must be
closed to power the motor. Figure below is the H-Bridge driving the motor in the
forward direction.
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8. If it is desired to turn the motor on in the reverse direction, switches 2 and 3 must be
closed to power the motor. Figure below is the H-Bridge driving the motor in the
reverse direction.
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9. IV.Test Results
Fig. PWM Voltage Waveform on CRO
The advantages possessed by PWM techniques are as under:
(a) The output voltage control with this method can be obtained without any
additional components.
(b) With the method, lower order harmonics can be eliminated or minimized along
with its output voltage control. As higher order harmonics can be filtered easily, the
filtering requirements are minimized.
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10. V.Picture of Final PCB
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11. VI. Picture of Simulation
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12. VII. Rating of MOSFET
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14. VII. Programing Microcontroller
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16. V. Applications and conclusion
Most often H-bridges are used to control rotational direction of DC motor. And
unless you buy a potentially expensive motor-driver, you need an H-bridge to
control any robot with a motor.
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