Hb2015 sadutto-calcium
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Tyler Sadutto conducted a study to understand how the addition of CaSiO3 affects soil respiration. The objectives were to measure total soil respiration, fine root production, and microbial respiration in calcium and control plots. Total soil respiration was measured every two weeks using a LI-COR 8100 and soil collars. Fine root production was measured using root screens over three weeks. Microbial respiration was measured using a base trap method on soil samples from each plot. The expected results were a decrease in fine root production, microbial respiration, and overall total soil respiration with the addition of CaSiO3.
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1) Soil respiration and belowground carbon allocation declined with increasing soil nutrient availability across study sites.
2) The addition of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients reduced soil respiration the most in the most infertile sites, likely by reducing belowground carbon allocation and root-associated respiration.
3) There were some indications that sites may have been co-limited by both nitrogen and phosphorus, as nutrient additions of both together had stronger effects on respiration in infertile sites than additions of either nutrient alone.
Stephanie snail REUcon
The document describes a study that placed cardboard in four forest stands to collect snails and examine the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium additions. Cardboard collection occurred four times over the summer. The results showed that only nitrogen and phosphorus additions in one stand (JBO) increased snail numbers compared to the control. Calcium additions increased snail numbers in all stands except one. The study aims to further examine the impacts of soil properties on snail populations.
Hb2013 yang tissuesovertime
This document summarizes a case study examining changes in tree tissue chemistry over time in the Huntington Wildlife Forest. It analyzes nitrogen concentration in branches of American beech, red maple, sugar maple, and yellow birch from 1985 to 2012, finding significant changes. It also discusses how branch nutrients vary by branch diameter and tissue position, citing data showing higher nitrogen and potassium concentrations in smaller diameter, living branches from the upper crown. The study aims to better understand how forest productivity and sustainability are impacted by nitrogen deposition and acidification over time.
Eli inventory REUcon
The document examines whether fertilizing trees leads to faster growth. It describes a study measuring the diameter growth of trees in plots with different nutrient treatments (nitrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen and phosphorus combined). The results found that yellow birch showed a strong growth response to the treatments, while previous findings of increased growth in white birch were no longer significant. Mapping of the mature tree stands was also conducted to understand tree interactions and nutrient limitations in northern forests.
Pierre bernier iufro2014
This document discusses uncertainty in forest management planning due to climate change, changing societal expectations, and globalization. It outlines three scales of forest management and sources of uncertainty at each scale. Specifically, it notes that climate change is a major cause of current and future uncertainty since tree growth and disturbances will change in unprecedented ways over decades or centuries. The document advocates for approaches like using multiple scenarios and projections, adaptive management through continuous learning and adjustment, and mainstreaming changes to regulations to help forest managers adapt to increasing uncertainty.
Hb2013 see resorption
This document summarizes a study that investigated whether soil nitrogen controls phosphorus resorption in a nitrogen and phosphorus co-limited forest system. The study found that phosphorus resorption efficiency was not correlated with soil phosphorus levels for the tree species studied. However, phosphorus resorption efficiency was positively correlated with soil nitrogen levels in 4 out of the 6 tree species, providing evidence that soil nitrogen availability may control phosphorus resorption under co-limitation by nitrogen and phosphorus. The document concludes that more nitrogen may be required to produce enzymes involved in resorbing phosphorus from leaves before abscission.
Shoestring2014 4-snails
Looking for Snails in Three MELNHE Stands. Stephanie Suttenberg, REU, SUNY ESF ‘17. Hubbard Brook Annual Cooperator's Meeting, W. Thornton, NH, July 10, 2014. Please see REU/RET conference slideshow for more recent results and interpretations.
Hb2013 mac pherson maple response
This study examined the effects of calcium addition on sugar maple growth. Measurements were taken of overstory, understory, and seedling sugar maples at plots with and without calcium addition. The results showed that overstory and understory sugar maples generally grew faster with calcium addition compared to the control plots. Seedling height showed no significant differences between calcium addition and control plots. The calcium addition was found to increase soil pH, and may benefit sugar maples by providing more calcium, an important structural component. Continued monitoring of effects on larger trees and further study of seedling biomass and survival were recommended.
Hb2013 intro
These slides introduce the MELNHE session at the 2013 annual Hubbard Brook Cooperators Meeting, July 11, 2013. They set up the Shoestring presentations that will follow.
Hb2013 biche decomp
This document describes a study on leaf litter decomposition in the Melnhe stands conducted by a researcher and middle school teacher. The study tested hypotheses about what controls litter mass loss by examining the effects of nutrients, mesh size, and litter mixes from young and mature tree stands. Methods involved placing litter in plots with different nutrient treatments, mesh sizes, and litter mixes. Preliminary results found significant effects of nutrients, mesh size, and their interaction on litter mass loss, with some indication of a phosphorus effect and young stand litter decomposing faster. The researcher and teacher saw the potential for middle school students to do authentic local science.
Yanai iufro subplenary
This document discusses quantifying uncertainty in ecosystem budgets. It provides examples of different types of uncertainty commonly encountered in ecosystem studies, including natural variability, measurement error, and model error. The document also examines specific studies that have quantified uncertainty in components of the nitrogen budget at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, including precipitation inputs, streamflow outputs, forest biomass nitrogen, soil nitrogen pools, and nitrogen accumulation rates. Monte Carlo simulations were used to analyze how uncertainty in inputs propagates to uncertainty in overall budget calculations. The studies aim to improve estimates of uncertainty and identify areas where reducing uncertainty could have the most impact.
Hb2013 dong foliarchem
The document examines whether stand age or soil nutrients better explain variation in foliar chemistry across tree species. Soil and foliage samples were collected from multiple sites varying in stand age. Results found that for most species, stand age did not affect foliar cation concentrations as much as natural heterogeneity in soil nutrients. Specifically, soil nutrients in the top 10cm of soil best predicted foliar calcium and magnesium concentrations for several species, including pin cherry, American beech, red maple, sugar maple, white birch, and yellow birch. The conclusion is that soil nutrient availability, rather than stand age, is the better predictor of foliar cation levels at these sites. More soil data is needed to further investigate the relationships between soil nutrients and
Hb2013 kendrick moisture
This document discusses a study investigating the effects of calcium addition on soil moisture levels. The study examines six plots in New Hampshire forests that were fertilized with calcium-silicate and compares them to control plots. The study hypothesizes that soil moisture levels will decrease more in the fertilized plots, especially in older stands with lower nutrient availability and closer to the forest floor. Soil moisture data is being collected using dataloggers placed at various soil depths. Preliminary results from two sites show differing impacts of calcium addition on soil moisture, depending on stand age and nutrient levels. Future work will examine data collection improvements and additional analysis methods.
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Elevated levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can increase plant productivity and carbon storage in ecosystems. This study examines how excess carbon is processed in a loblolly pine forest in North Carolina over 12 years. Soil samples from plots with normal and elevated carbon dioxide levels were analyzed to study carbon and nitrogen cycling. Previous results did not find significant carbon sequestration, instead increased carbon inputs sped up carbon turnover. The smallest particles in soil had the lowest carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, indicating this pool is most stable. Some evidence suggests plants and fungi extract nitrogen from these pools to meet demands from elevated carbon dioxide.
Effect of Global Warming on Soil Organic Carbon
Global warming is causing soils to release carbon into the atmosphere, exacerbating climate change. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important carbon pool that is sensitive to climate factors like temperature and precipitation. As temperatures rise due to global warming, it increases microbial decomposition of SOC, releasing more carbon dioxide. However, implementing strategies to sequester carbon in soils, like cover cropping, adding amendments, and reducing tillage, could help mitigate climate change by storing carbon long-term in SOC pools. Careful management of SOC is vital for protecting this important carbon sink and regulating greenhouse gas levels.
Peatland Diversity and Carbon Dynamics
The winning talk at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute's annual Student Seminar Day, given by Mike Whitfield as part of his PhD research.
Peatland Diversity and Carbon Dynamics (September 2010)
This document summarizes research on peatland diversity and carbon dynamics. Peatlands store a large amount of the global soil carbon but are threatened by climate change. The research aims to understand relationships between plant diversity, microbial communities, and greenhouse gas emissions across different peatland landforms. Preliminary results show differences in vegetation composition, peat depths, carbon stocks, and microbial communities between open moorland, eroded areas, and gullies. Monthly greenhouse gas flux measurements are ongoing to compare landforms and depths. Relationships found will help predict ecosystem-scale carbon cycling and emissions from biodiversity data.
Carbon sequestration through the use of biosolids in soils of the Pampas reg...
Como citar este trabajo
Torri S, Lavado R. 2011. Carbon sequestration through the use of biosolids in soils of the Pampas region, Argentina. In: Environmental Management: Systems, Sustainability and Current Issues.Editor: H. C. Dupont, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., Hauppauge, NY 11788,ISBN: 978-1-61324-733-4.pag. 221-236, 336 p
Required ResourcesRequired Text1. Environmental Science E.docx
Required Resources
Required Text
1. Environmental Science: Earth as a Living Planet
a. Chapter 3: Dollars and the Environmental Sense: Economics of Environmental Issues
b. Chapter 21: Air Pollution
Multimedia
1. Annenberg Learner. (n.d.). Carbon lab [Interactive lab]. In The Habitable Planet. Retrieved from http://learner.org/courses/envsci/interactives/carbon/
2. dennettracerocks3d. (2013, June 12). Carbon tax and cap and trade [Video clip]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RmRNCEur1ks
· Transcript
Recommended Resource
Article
1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2012). Cap and trade. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/captrade/
CrITICAl THINkING IssUe
Should Carbon dioxide Be Regulated Along with other Major Air Pollutants?
The six common pollutants, sometimes called the criteria pol- lutants, are ozone, particulate matter, lead, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide. These pollutants have a long history with the EPA, and major efforts have been made to reduce them in the lower atmosphere over the United States. This effort has been largely successful—all of them have been significantly reduced since 1990.
In 2009, the EPA suggested that we add carbon dioxide to this list. Two years earlier, the U.S. Supreme Court had or- dered the EPA to make a scientific review of carbon dioxide as an air pollutant that could possibly endanger public health and welfare. Following that review, the EPA announced that greenhouse gases pose a threat to public health and welfare. This proclamation makes it possible that greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, will be regulated by the Clean Air Act, which regulates most other serious air pollutants.
The EPA’s conclusion that greenhouse gases harm or en- danger public health and welfare is based primarily on the role these gases play in climate change. The analysis states that the impacts include, but are not limited to, increased drought that will impact agricultural productivity; more intense rainfall, leading to a greater flood hazard; and increased frequency of heat waves that affect human health. The EPA’s proposal pro- gram to regulate carbon dioxide as an air pollutant has been upheld by court decisions
The next step in adding carbon dioxide and other green- house gasses, such as methane, to the list of pollutants regulated by the EPA was a series of public hearings and feedback from a variety of people and agencies. Some people oppose listing carbon dioxide as an air pollutant because, first of all, it is a nutrient and stimulates plant growth; and, second, it does not
directly affect human health in most cases (the exception being carbon dioxide emitted by volcanic eruption and other volcanic activity, which can be extremely toxic).
The EPA in late September of 2013 announced the initial steps to reduce carbon pollution under President Obama’s Cli- mate Action Plan. The objective will be standards for new coal burning power plants. Conversations are st ...
Carbon sequestration in cropping system
Soil carbon sequestration involves transferring carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into the soil through crop residues and other organic materials. This helps offset carbon emissions while improving soil quality and productivity. Management practices that increase biomass additions to soils, minimize disturbance, conserve soil and water, and enhance soil structure and biology can sequester carbon through continuous no-till crop production. The document then discusses carbon sequestration in the context of Indian agriculture and the impacts of climate change on food production in India.
Impact of carbon sequestration on soil and crop productivity
This document discusses the impact of carbon sequestration on soil and crop productivity. It provides background on global carbon emissions and pools. Soil acts as both a source and sink of atmospheric carbon through processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition. Improving soil organic carbon through practices like conservation tillage, cover crops, nutrient management, and agroforestry can increase crop yields by improving soil quality properties. Maintaining or increasing soil organic carbon levels through appropriate land management practices helps mitigate climate change while enhancing soil health and agricultural productivity.
Growing Season Extension & its Impact on Terrestrial Carbon; Gardening Guidebook
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This document discusses the impacts of climate change on soil carbon dynamics. It begins with definitions of key terms like climate change and climatic extremes. It then outlines the different global carbon pools, with soils containing the third largest pool. The document discusses how climate change can impact the quantity and quality of soil organic carbon through changes in temperature, CO2, precipitation patterns, and climate extremes. It also examines potential carbon losses from soils under different climate change scenarios and considers approaches to mitigate these impacts through improved agricultural and land management practices.
Tropical forests in a changing world: Investigating global change impacts in ...
The document summarizes a presentation on the impacts of land use change and climate change on tropical forests in Amazonia and Puerto Rico. In Amazonia, the presentation examines how agricultural expansion and intensification impact carbon storage, energy balance, and habitat. It finds that the location of future agricultural expansion will largely determine impacts on ecosystem services. In Puerto Rico, it analyzes the effects of a severe drought on soil biogeochemistry and greenhouse gas emissions, finding complex impacts varying by topography. The presentation concludes that land use change likely has larger biogeochemical effects than agricultural intensification, and climate impacts on tropical forests will involve nutrient cycle feedbacks.
Williams J etal 2016 P&S
1) The study investigated how seasonal temperature changes affected the release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and phenols from soils treated with different plant litter types over 22 months.
2) The researchers found that seasonal soil temperature positively correlated with DOC loss from litter-free soils, but this correlation diminished over time for soils treated with grass and ash litter.
3) Phenol concentrations in the senescing litters were small, resulting in minor losses to water. The variety of dissolved phenols in litter-amended soil leachates increased over time and was influenced by litter type.
Climate change impacts on soil health and their mitigation and adaptation str...
The increasing concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is bringing about major changes to the global environment resulting in global warming, depletion of ozone concentration in the stratosphere, changes in atmospheric moisture and precipitation and enhanced atmospheric deposition. These changes impact several soil processes, which are influence soil health. Soil health refers to the capacity of soil to perform agronomic and environmental functions. A number of physical, chemical and biological characteristics have been proposed as indicators of soil health. Generally, biological processes in soil such as decomposition and storage of organic matter, C and N cycling, microbial and metabolic quotients are likely to be influenced greatly by climate change and have thus high relevance to assess climate change impacts (Allen et al., 2011). Soil organic matter (SOM) exerts a major influence on several soil health indicators and is thus considered a key indicator of soil health. An optimal level of SOM is essential for maintaining soil health and alleviating rising atmospheric CO2 concentration. Elevated CO2 has increased C decay rates generally but in some cases elevated CO2 increases soil C storage (Jastrow et al., 2016). Enhancing the soil organic carbon pool also improves agro-ecosystem resilience, eco-efficiency, and adaptation to climate change. Healthy soils provide the largest store of terrestrial carbon, when managed sustainably; soils can play an important role in climate change mitigation by storing carbon (carbon sequestration) and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere (Paustian et al., 2016).
Wright et al., (2005) reported that no tillage increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (SON) 11 and 21% in corn and 22 and 12 % in cotton than conventional tillage. Agroforestry system at farmers’ field enhance soil biological activity and amongst trees, P. cineraria based system brought maximum and significant improvement in soil biological activity (Yadav et al ., 2011).
Isotope its uses in soil and plant study
This document summarizes a seminar on using isotopes in soil and plant studies. It discusses the history and units of radioactivity, different types of isotopes, and monitoring instruments like Geiger counters. Key applications mentioned include using isotopes as tracers to study groundwater movement, fertilizer usage, soil carbon and nitrogen cycling, and erosion. The document concludes by outlining some future research areas like using isotope signatures to study plant silicon, heavy metal cycling and accumulation, and the effects of biochar application.
Soil Carbon Sequestration Potentials of Semi-arid soils at the CCAFS Site in ...
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PhD research presentation at the workshop of the Climate Food and Farming Network, Dec. 2-4 at Aarhus University, Foulum. The Climate Food and Farming Network is an initiative of Copenhagen U., Aarhus U., and the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security.
Whendee Silver - Soil
This document summarizes research on managing grasslands to mitigate climate change through carbon sequestration. It finds that:
1) Grasslands store large amounts of carbon in soils, and practices like applying livestock manure or compost can significantly increase soil carbon storage for decades or more, offsetting greenhouse gas emissions.
2) Managing half of California's grasslands to increase soil carbon by 0.5 metric tons per hectare per year could offset 21 million metric tons of CO2 equivalents annually.
3) Projects demonstrating increased soil carbon through compost and manure in California grasslands show the potential for agriculture and soil management to meaningfully contribute to climate change mitigation.
Impact of soil properties on carbon sequestration
1) The document presented on the impact of soil properties on carbon sequestration. It discussed topics like carbon pools in soil, ways carbon can be sequestered, role of soil properties like texture and biological activity, and management practices to enhance sequestration.
2) Case studies were presented showing higher carbon levels under no-till and residue retention practices compared to conventional tillage. Planting of shrub species also led to higher soil organic carbon and carbon sequestration rates.
3) Proper soil management through practices like reduced tillage, cover cropping, and organic matter addition can help boost carbon sequestration and mitigate climate change by storing atmospheric carbon in soil.
CAN BIOCHAR AMENDMENTS IMPROVE SOIL QUALITY AND REDUCE CO2? A Climate Change ...
ABSTRACT
Variations in rainfall, increased mean surface temperature, persistent drought, reduced soil moisture and nutrient, and crop failures have all been evidently linked to anthropogenic-induced climate change, which impacts food security. Agricultural soils can be used to reduce atmospheric CO2 by altering the physicochemical composition of soil organic matter through biochar soil amendments. This study draws on current literature published online, in peer review journal articles, books, and conference proceedings to assess the implications of biochar soil amendments to enhance soil quality, while reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration. Building on the critical analytical approach, biochar use as soil amendments have been tested to have promising environmental potential, which improves soil quality and quantity thereby enhancing soil moisture status and reduces atmospheric CO2. Analyses of biochar amended soils in terrestrial ecosystems reduces about 12% of the total Carbon (C) emitted through anthropogenic land use change. Biochar amended soil systems are dependable in tracing and quantifying sequestered C and can stay in the soil for thousands of years. The challenge with biochar as soil amendments is the type of biomass that can yield high quality biochar through the pyrolysis process.
Key words: Biochar, amendments, regenerative agriculture, food security, climate change, atmospheric CO2, pyrolysis, Carbon, soil moisture.
Sulphur biogeochemistry of agro ecosystems
Sulphur (S) is a ubiquitous on earth and statistically S is available in adequate amounts to satisfy globally plant growth. Nevertheless S deficiency is an important nutrient disorder in agricultural production on all continents (Haneklaus et al., 2003). The S biogeochemical cycle of agro-ecosystems involves the processes like mineralization, immobilization, oxidation, reduction, adsorption, desorption and atmospheric S emissions. Das et al. (2012) reported that the organic C and clay play an important role in regulating sulphur availability in some rapeseed-growing soils of Assam. Examination of soils after incubation revealed that the mineralized S was mainly derived from the C-bonded S and non-reducible organic S pool, while the majority of mineralized S under soil S exhaustion by rice was derived from the C–O–S pool (Zhou et al., 2005). The agronomic efficiency and apparent S recovery by wheat-soybean system decreased with an increase in S application, while the percent response increased with increasing in levels of S. Due to S application, the content of available S was found to increase and the increase was more in surface soils than lower layers (Singh et al., 2014). In a pot culture study, the pesticides like endosulfan, dithane M-45 served a detrimental effect on transformation of S, whereas 2, 4-D created a favourable beneficial effect on S transformation in soil environment (Giri et al., 2011). Long-term human intervention markedly changed the molecular- level composition of soil organic S and led to a shift in the apparent oxidation state of organic S from undisturbed grassland soils primarily composed of S moieties in highly reduced and intermediate oxidation states toward managed agro-ecosystems dominated by organic S rich in strongly oxidized or high-valence S species (Solomon et al., 2011). The XANES (X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure Spectroscopy) indicated that the long-term FYM application shifted S species composition from highly oxidized towards intermediate oxidization (Boye et al., 2011). Long term studies related to land use changes may help to understand the soil S cycle in cropping and agro-forestry systems and enrich the knowledge about S management (Jiang et al., 2007). Future research should include evaluation of all components of S cycle collaborating with others to asses environmental impact and sustainability of feedstock production.
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Peatland Diversity and Carbon Dynamics (September 2010)
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Carbon sequestration through the use of biosolids in soils of the Pampas reg...
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Growing Season Extension & its Impact on Terrestrial Carbon; Gardening Guidebook
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This document discusses using imaging spectroscopy and field studies to distinguish between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) additions from the air. It finds that N addition reduced reflectance by producing more chlorophyll and absorbing more light, while P addition increased reflectance. When a model was trained on treatment classes (control, N, P, N+P) for 75% of plots, it predicted the other 25% of plots with 83% accuracy. Field measurements of resin-available N and P in soil aligned with clustering of tree-top spectra responses to nutrients. This indicates trees can act as remote signals of belowground nutrient availability and function.
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Mycorrhizal type and co-limitation of forest productivity. Noah Blumenthal
This study investigated how the two types of mycorrhizal associations in northern hardwood forests (arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal) influence nutrient limitations and forest productivity. The researchers measured annual stem growth in mature forest stands between 2015-2019. They found that nutrient additions of nitrogen and phosphorus had interactive effects on productivity, suggesting co-limitation, and this effect was stronger for arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species than ectomycorrhizal species. They concluded the greater relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal trees promotes nutrient co-limitation in mature northern hardwood forests.
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1) The document discusses nitrogen, phosphorus, and fine roots in young northern hardwood stands.
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This document summarizes a study estimating belowground carbon allocation in forests by measuring soil respiration and aboveground litter inputs over multiple years. The researchers found that nitrogen decreases soil respiration and likely belowground carbon allocation, while phosphorus decreases leaf litter production. Preliminary results suggest phosphorus may matter more for aboveground growth while nitrogen affects belowground processes to a greater degree.
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And you thought there were no earthworms in our forests
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Intro for asm workshop see
This document provides information about an upcoming workshop on quantifying uncertainty in monitoring. It includes:
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- An agenda that will include introductions from participants, five minute presentations followed by discussion, and a general discussion on how the workshop helped and what further assistance is needed.
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Forest inventory crews were analyzed to determine measurement errors in tree diameter. The study found bias may exist due to penalties for observations more than one class off. While measurement error magnitude was identified, the most uncertain measurements may not be the most important to improve. Propagating the errors into forest inventory data product calculations like timber volume and carbon storage will show which measurements are most important to improve.
Asm2018 6 dietze
The document discusses Pecan Project's uncertainty analysis for LTER ASM 2018. It analyzes parameter uncertainty and sensitivity, and outputs uncertainty through trait meta-analysis, iterative Bayesian calibration, and variance decomposition. Key findings include growth respiration and root water uptake being highly sensitive, and stomatal conductance variability differing between conifer and hardwood species and latitudes. The analysis aims to characterize, propagate, analyze, and reduce uncertainties.
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Biomimicry in agriculture: Nature-Inspired Solutions for a Greener Future
Presentation made for the Webinar Series on Biomimicry for sustainability on 1st June 2024 organized by Green Building Council Sri Lanka
按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理
挂科购买【(UAL毕业证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证】【176555708微信号】留学假毕业证成绩单、外壳、offer、留信学历认证（永久存档真实可查）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路），我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
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一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信176555708】文凭即可
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三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
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Formulation of aramang baked products enriched with malunggay
The modification of an existing product or the formulation of a new product to fill a newly identified market niche or customer need are both examples of product development. This study generally developed and conducted the formulation of aramang baked products enriched with malunggay conducted by the researchers. Specifically, it answered the acceptability level in terms of taste, texture, flavor, odor, and color also the overall acceptability of enriched aramang baked products. The study used the frequency distribution for evaluators to determine the acceptability of enriched aramang baked products enriched with malunggay. As per sensory evaluation conducted by the researchers, it was proven that aramang baked products enriched with malunggay was acceptable in terms of Odor, Taste, Flavor, Color, and Texture. Based on the results of sensory evaluation of enriched aramang baked products proven that three (3) treatments were all highly acceptable in terms of variable Odor, Taste, Flavor, Color and Textures conducted by the researchers.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
快速办理(Manchester毕业证书)曼彻斯特大学毕业证录取通知书一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Manchester毕业证书)曼彻斯特大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
原版制作(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理
原版定制【微信:741003700】《西澳大学毕业证学位证成绩单》【微信:741003700】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份毕业证【Q微信741003700】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【Q微信741003700】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
Monitor indicators of genetic diversity from space using Earth Observation data
Genetic diversity within and among populations is essential for species persistence. While targets and indicators for genetic diversity are captured in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, assessing genetic diversity across many species at national and regional scales remains challenging. Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) need accessible tools for reliable and efficient monitoring at relevant scales. Here, we describe how Earth Observation satellites (EO) make essential contributions to enable, accelerate, and improve genetic diversity monitoring and preservation. Specifically, we introduce a workflow integrating EO into existing genetic diversity monitoring strategies and present a set of examples where EO data is or can be integrated to improve assessment, monitoring, and conservation. We describe how available EO data can be integrated in innovative ways to support calculation of the genetic diversity indicators of the GBF monitoring framework and to inform management and monitoring decisions, especially in areas with limited research infrastructure or access. We also describe novel, integrative approaches to improve the indicators that can be implemented with the coming generation of EO data, and new capabilities that will provide unprecedented detail to characterize the changes to Earth’s surface and their implications for biodiversity, on a global scale.
REPORT-PRESENTATION BY CHIEF SECRETARY, ANDAMAN NICOBAR ADMINISTRATION IN OA ...
Green Tribunal Andaman
原版制作(Manitoba毕业证书)曼尼托巴大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Manitoba毕业证书)曼尼托巴大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Presented by James Reed at "9th Landscape Sustainability Science Forum" on 11 May 2024
World earth day powe point presentation 2024
Earth Day How has technology changed our life?
Thinkers/Inquiry • How has our ability to think and inquire helped to advance technology?
Vocabulary • Nature Deficit Disorder~ A condition that some people maintain is a spreading affliction especially affecting youth but also their adult counterparts, characterized by an excessive lack of familiarity with the outdoors and the natural world. • Precautionary Principle~ The approach whereby any possible risk associated with the introduction of a new technology is largely avoided, until a full understanding of its impact on health, environment and other areas is available.
What is technology? • Brainstorm a list of technology that you use everyday that your parents or grandparents did not have. • Compare your list with a partner.
Download the Latest OSHA 10 Answers PDF : oyetrade.com
Latest OSHA 10 Test Question and Answers PDF for Construction and General Industry Exam.
Download the full set of 390 MCQ type question and answers - https://www.oyetrade.com/OSHA-10-Answers-2021.php
To Help OSHA 10 trainees to pass their pre-test and post-test we have prepared set of 390 question and answers called OSHA 10 Answers in downloadable PDF format. The OSHA 10 Answers question bank is prepared by our in-house highly experienced safety professionals and trainers. The OSHA 10 Answers document consists of 390 MCQ type question and answers updated for year 2024 exams.
在线办理(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Download the Latest OSHA 10 Answers PDF : oyetrade.com
Download the Latest OSHA 10 Answers PDF : oyetrade.com
Hb2015 sadutto-calcium
- 1. Tyler Sadutto MELNHE Shoestring Crew Franklin University Switzerland ‘16 Does CaSiO3 Enhance Soil Respiration, Fine Root Production, or Microbial Activity?
- 2. Introduction – Soil Respiration Measure of CO2 emitted from soil surface Heterotrophic and Autotrophic Thought to decrease with increased nutrient availability Studied with N and P additions Effects of CaSiO3 are unknown
- 3. Objectives To understand how CaSiO3 affects soil respiration by measuring Total soil respiration Fine root production Microbial respiration
- 4. Methods Calcium and Control plots – C1, C6, C8 at BEF Total Soil Respiration: LI-COR 8100 and soil respiration collars Measured every two weeks Fine Root Production: Root screens Weigh biomass after three weeks Microbial Respiration: One soil sample from each plot Base Trap Method
- 5. Expected Results Decrease in fine root production Decrease in microbial respiration Overall decrease in total soil respiration
- 6. References Fahey TJ et al. 2005. Soil Respiration and Soil Carbon Balance in a Northern Hardwood Forest Ecosystem. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35: 244-253. Hamburg S et al. 2003. Biotic Control of Calcium Cycling in Northern Hardwood Forests: Acid Rain and Aging Forests. Ecosystems 6: 399-406. Hanson et al. 2000. Separating Root and Soil Microbial Contributions to Soil Respiration: a Review of Methods and Observations. Biogeochemistry 48: 115-146. McLaughlin M, Wimmer R. 1999. Tansley Review No. 104: Calcium Physiology and Terrestrial Ecosystem Processes. New Phytology 142: 373-417. Peng Y, Thomas S. 2010. Influence of Non-Nitrogenous Soil Amendments On Soil CO2 Efflux and Fine Root Production in an N-Saturated Northern Hardwood Forest. Ecosystems 13: 1145-1156. Raich J, Potter C. 1995. Global Patterns of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Soils. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 9(1): 23-36. Rastetter EB et al. 2013. Recovery from Disturbance that Requires Resynchronization of Ecosystem Nutrient Cycles. Ecological Applications 23(3): 621-642. Savage K et al. 2013. Long-term Changes in Forest Carbon Under Temperature and Nitrogen Amendments in a Temperate Northern Hardwood Forest. Global Change Biology 19: 2389-2400. Schlesinger W. 1977. Carbon balance in Terrestrial Detritus. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics: 51-81. Yanai R et al. 2005. New Insights into Calcium Depletion in Northeastern Forests. Journal of Forestry: 14-20. Zak D et al. 2006. Microbial Cycling of C and N in Northern Hardwood Forests Receiving Chronic NO3 - Deposition. Ecosystems 9: 242-253. Zhou W et al. 2014. Effects of Soil Moisture on the Temperature Sensitivity of Soil Heterotrophic Respiration: A Laboratory Incubation Study. PLOS ONE 9(3): 1-10.
- 7. Acknowledgments I would like to thank the following people for their support and guidance: Jerome Barner Tim Fahey Melany Fisk Mariann Johnston Matt Vadeboncoeur Ruth Yanai Shoestring Crew ‘15: Brigid Farrell, Austin Frewert, Matt Hayden, Nick Hodom, Caitlin Holmes, Aaliyah Jason, Isaac Jo, Jalina Pannafino, Jessie Smith, Jessica Swindon