Pierre bernier iufro2014
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This document discusses uncertainty in forest management planning due to climate change, changing societal expectations, and globalization. It outlines three scales of forest management and sources of uncertainty at each scale. Specifically, it notes that climate change is a major cause of current and future uncertainty since tree growth and disturbances will change in unprecedented ways over decades or centuries. The document advocates for approaches like using multiple scenarios and projections, adaptive management through continuous learning and adjustment, and mainstreaming changes to regulations to help forest managers adapt to increasing uncertainty.
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Shoestring2014 1-4 years in
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Hb2013 see resorption
This document summarizes a study that investigated whether soil nitrogen controls phosphorus resorption in a nitrogen and phosphorus co-limited forest system. The study found that phosphorus resorption efficiency was not correlated with soil phosphorus levels for the tree species studied. However, phosphorus resorption efficiency was positively correlated with soil nitrogen levels in 4 out of the 6 tree species, providing evidence that soil nitrogen availability may control phosphorus resorption under co-limitation by nitrogen and phosphorus. The document concludes that more nitrogen may be required to produce enzymes involved in resorbing phosphorus from leaves before abscission.
Shoestring2014 6-respiration
This document summarizes research on the effects of nutrient addition on soil respiration in northern hardwood forests. It finds that:
1) Soil respiration and belowground carbon allocation declined with increasing soil nutrient availability across study sites.
2) The addition of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients reduced soil respiration the most in the most infertile sites, likely by reducing belowground carbon allocation and root-associated respiration.
3) There were some indications that sites may have been co-limited by both nitrogen and phosphorus, as nutrient additions of both together had stronger effects on respiration in infertile sites than additions of either nutrient alone.
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Yanai iufro subplenary
This document discusses quantifying uncertainty in ecosystem budgets. It provides examples of different types of uncertainty commonly encountered in ecosystem studies, including natural variability, measurement error, and model error. The document also examines specific studies that have quantified uncertainty in components of the nitrogen budget at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, including precipitation inputs, streamflow outputs, forest biomass nitrogen, soil nitrogen pools, and nitrogen accumulation rates. Monte Carlo simulations were used to analyze how uncertainty in inputs propagates to uncertainty in overall budget calculations. The studies aim to improve estimates of uncertainty and identify areas where reducing uncertainty could have the most impact.
Hb2013 mac pherson maple response
This study examined the effects of calcium addition on sugar maple growth. Measurements were taken of overstory, understory, and seedling sugar maples at plots with and without calcium addition. The results showed that overstory and understory sugar maples generally grew faster with calcium addition compared to the control plots. Seedling height showed no significant differences between calcium addition and control plots. The calcium addition was found to increase soil pH, and may benefit sugar maples by providing more calcium, an important structural component. Continued monitoring of effects on larger trees and further study of seedling biomass and survival were recommended.
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Recovery from disturbance requires resynchronization of ecosystem nutrient cycles. Edward B. Rastetter, MBL; Ruth Yanai, ESF; R. Quinn Thomas, VA Tech (formerly Cornell); Matt Vadeboncoeur, UNH; Tim Fahey, Cornell; Melany Fisk, UM Ohio; Bonnie Kwiatkowski, MBL; and Steven Hamburg, EDF (formerly Brown). Hubbard Brook Annual Cooperator's Meeting, W. Thornton, NH, July 10, 2014.
Stephanie snail REUcon
The document describes a study that placed cardboard in four forest stands to collect snails and examine the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium additions. Cardboard collection occurred four times over the summer. The results showed that only nitrogen and phosphorus additions in one stand (JBO) increased snail numbers compared to the control. Calcium additions increased snail numbers in all stands except one. The study aims to further examine the impacts of soil properties on snail populations.
Iufro uncertainty mexicov5_cw
- The document discusses Mexico's Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) system for estimating carbon stock changes in forests.
- Mexico's MRV system aims to estimate carbon stock changes and greenhouse gas emissions/removals from the LULUCF sector for national greenhouse gas inventories.
- The National Forest Inventory provides data on carbon stocks and stock changes, while satellite imagery is used to monitor forest area changes.
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Hb2015 sadutto-calcium
Tyler Sadutto conducted a study to understand how the addition of CaSiO3 affects soil respiration. The objectives were to measure total soil respiration, fine root production, and microbial respiration in calcium and control plots. Total soil respiration was measured every two weeks using a LI-COR 8100 and soil collars. Fine root production was measured using root screens over three weeks. Microbial respiration was measured using a base trap method on soil samples from each plot. The expected results were a decrease in fine root production, microbial respiration, and overall total soil respiration with the addition of CaSiO3.
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Hb2013 zahor transpiration
This study examines the impact of calcium addition on tree transpiration and root function in New England forests impacted by acid rain. Sapflux measurements showed higher transpiration rates in trees on plots with added calcium silicate compared to control plots, with the strongest response in American beech. Preliminary root analysis found higher live fine root tissue and lower embolism in yellow birch roots from the calcium treatment plot compared to the control in early spring. The study is ongoing across three sites on the White Mountain National Forest to further understand the mechanisms by which calcium impacts forest water use and health.
Shoestring2014 10-light
This document discusses a study examining how seedling allocation and survivorship in sugar maple and American beech are influenced by light, nutrients, and moisture. The study found that seedling biomass was not nutrient limited in the first two years. Sugar maple biomass growth increased with soil moisture. Phosphorus increased relative root allocation in sugar maple. Nitrogen decreased sugar maple survivorship. Survivorship of both species decreased with increasing canopy cover, indicating response to light availability. The conclusions were that beech seedlings are less plastic than sugar maple, survivorship depends on light, and mortality at early life stages may be stochastic under canopy.
Hb2013 dong foliarchem
The document examines whether stand age or soil nutrients better explain variation in foliar chemistry across tree species. Soil and foliage samples were collected from multiple sites varying in stand age. Results found that for most species, stand age did not affect foliar cation concentrations as much as natural heterogeneity in soil nutrients. Specifically, soil nutrients in the top 10cm of soil best predicted foliar calcium and magnesium concentrations for several species, including pin cherry, American beech, red maple, sugar maple, white birch, and yellow birch. The conclusion is that soil nutrient availability, rather than stand age, is the better predictor of foliar cation levels at these sites. More soil data is needed to further investigate the relationships between soil nutrients and
Shoestring2014 1-4 years in
Four years in: Finally a treatment response in the MELNHE stands. Adam Wild , Research Assistant, SUNY ESF, and Lisa Carper, Student, A. Crosby Kennett High School. Hubbard Brook Annual Cooperator's Meeting, W. Thornton, NH, July 10, 2014.
Shoestring2014 5-decomp
Litter Decomposition Experiments Involving Young Technicians, Rick Biche and Team 2 (2012-2014), A. Crosby Kennett Middle School. Hubbard Brook Annual Cooperator's Meeting, W. Thornton, NH, July 10, 2014.
Shoestring2014 4-snails
Looking for Snails in Three MELNHE Stands. Stephanie Suttenberg, REU, SUNY ESF ‘17. Hubbard Brook Annual Cooperator's Meeting, W. Thornton, NH, July 10, 2014. Please see REU/RET conference slideshow for more recent results and interpretations.
Eli inventory REUcon
The document examines whether fertilizing trees leads to faster growth. It describes a study measuring the diameter growth of trees in plots with different nutrient treatments (nitrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen and phosphorus combined). The results found that yellow birch showed a strong growth response to the treatments, while previous findings of increased growth in white birch were no longer significant. Mapping of the mature tree stands was also conducted to understand tree interactions and nutrient limitations in northern forests.
Hb2013 see resorption
This document summarizes a study that investigated whether soil nitrogen controls phosphorus resorption in a nitrogen and phosphorus co-limited forest system. The study found that phosphorus resorption efficiency was not correlated with soil phosphorus levels for the tree species studied. However, phosphorus resorption efficiency was positively correlated with soil nitrogen levels in 4 out of the 6 tree species, providing evidence that soil nitrogen availability may control phosphorus resorption under co-limitation by nitrogen and phosphorus. The document concludes that more nitrogen may be required to produce enzymes involved in resorbing phosphorus from leaves before abscission.
Shoestring2014 6-respiration
This document summarizes research on the effects of nutrient addition on soil respiration in northern hardwood forests. It finds that:
1) Soil respiration and belowground carbon allocation declined with increasing soil nutrient availability across study sites.
2) The addition of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients reduced soil respiration the most in the most infertile sites, likely by reducing belowground carbon allocation and root-associated respiration.
3) There were some indications that sites may have been co-limited by both nitrogen and phosphorus, as nutrient additions of both together had stronger effects on respiration in infertile sites than additions of either nutrient alone.
Shoestring2014 8-ca soil moisture
This document summarizes a study that added wollastonite (CaSiO3) to experimental forest plots in New Hampshire to examine the effects on soil moisture and tree productivity. Wollastonite was added to bring calcium levels back to pre-industrial amounts, as acid rain has caused leaching of calcium from soils. Previous studies at Hubbard Brook found short-term increases in transpiration and productivity after wollastonite addition. This study monitored soil moisture in wollastonite and control plots, finding one plot (C6 at 30cm depth) had significantly lower soil moisture in the wollastonite area during the growing season, suggesting higher water use by trees, though other data was inconclusive due to
Yanai iufro subplenary
This document discusses quantifying uncertainty in ecosystem budgets. It provides examples of different types of uncertainty commonly encountered in ecosystem studies, including natural variability, measurement error, and model error. The document also examines specific studies that have quantified uncertainty in components of the nitrogen budget at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, including precipitation inputs, streamflow outputs, forest biomass nitrogen, soil nitrogen pools, and nitrogen accumulation rates. Monte Carlo simulations were used to analyze how uncertainty in inputs propagates to uncertainty in overall budget calculations. The studies aim to improve estimates of uncertainty and identify areas where reducing uncertainty could have the most impact.
Hb2013 mac pherson maple response
This study examined the effects of calcium addition on sugar maple growth. Measurements were taken of overstory, understory, and seedling sugar maples at plots with and without calcium addition. The results showed that overstory and understory sugar maples generally grew faster with calcium addition compared to the control plots. Seedling height showed no significant differences between calcium addition and control plots. The calcium addition was found to increase soil pH, and may benefit sugar maples by providing more calcium, an important structural component. Continued monitoring of effects on larger trees and further study of seedling biomass and survival were recommended.
Shoestring2014 2-recovery
Recovery from disturbance requires resynchronization of ecosystem nutrient cycles. Edward B. Rastetter, MBL; Ruth Yanai, ESF; R. Quinn Thomas, VA Tech (formerly Cornell); Matt Vadeboncoeur, UNH; Tim Fahey, Cornell; Melany Fisk, UM Ohio; Bonnie Kwiatkowski, MBL; and Steven Hamburg, EDF (formerly Brown). Hubbard Brook Annual Cooperator's Meeting, W. Thornton, NH, July 10, 2014.
Stephanie snail REUcon
The document describes a study that placed cardboard in four forest stands to collect snails and examine the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium additions. Cardboard collection occurred four times over the summer. The results showed that only nitrogen and phosphorus additions in one stand (JBO) increased snail numbers compared to the control. Calcium additions increased snail numbers in all stands except one. The study aims to further examine the impacts of soil properties on snail populations.
Iufro uncertainty mexicov5_cw
- The document discusses Mexico's Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) system for estimating carbon stock changes in forests.
- Mexico's MRV system aims to estimate carbon stock changes and greenhouse gas emissions/removals from the LULUCF sector for national greenhouse gas inventories.
- The National Forest Inventory provides data on carbon stocks and stock changes, while satellite imagery is used to monitor forest area changes.
- Estimates show the forest sector is currently a large carbon sink, absorbing emissions from deforestation and degradation. However, uncertainties in these estimates need to be reduced to support policy decisions.
Hb2015 sadutto-calcium
Tyler Sadutto conducted a study to understand how the addition of CaSiO3 affects soil respiration. The objectives were to measure total soil respiration, fine root production, and microbial respiration in calcium and control plots. Total soil respiration was measured every two weeks using a LI-COR 8100 and soil collars. Fine root production was measured using root screens over three weeks. Microbial respiration was measured using a base trap method on soil samples from each plot. The expected results were a decrease in fine root production, microbial respiration, and overall total soil respiration with the addition of CaSiO3.
Hb2013 yang tissuesovertime
This document summarizes a case study examining changes in tree tissue chemistry over time in the Huntington Wildlife Forest. It analyzes nitrogen concentration in branches of American beech, red maple, sugar maple, and yellow birch from 1985 to 2012, finding significant changes. It also discusses how branch nutrients vary by branch diameter and tissue position, citing data showing higher nitrogen and potassium concentrations in smaller diameter, living branches from the upper crown. The study aims to better understand how forest productivity and sustainability are impacted by nitrogen deposition and acidification over time.
Hb2013 intro
These slides introduce the MELNHE session at the 2013 annual Hubbard Brook Cooperators Meeting, July 11, 2013. They set up the Shoestring presentations that will follow.
Hb2013 biche decomp
This document describes a study on leaf litter decomposition in the Melnhe stands conducted by a researcher and middle school teacher. The study tested hypotheses about what controls litter mass loss by examining the effects of nutrients, mesh size, and litter mixes from young and mature tree stands. Methods involved placing litter in plots with different nutrient treatments, mesh sizes, and litter mixes. Preliminary results found significant effects of nutrients, mesh size, and their interaction on litter mass loss, with some indication of a phosphorus effect and young stand litter decomposing faster. The researcher and teacher saw the potential for middle school students to do authentic local science.
Hb2015 barner
This document summarizes Jerome Barner's master's thesis research comparing belowground carbon allocation in tree roots, microbes, and mycorrhizal fungi under different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization treatments. The objectives are to determine how carbon allocation to fungal compartments responds to fertilization and how fertilization affects fungal species abundance and diversity. Methods include measuring fine root biomass, soil respiration, and sequencing fungal communities from ingrowth bags under nitrogen, phosphorus, and combined nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization at three forest sites. Expected results include decreased carbon allocation and fungal diversity under nitrogen and variable responses to phosphorus, with increased fine root biomass under both nutrients.
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This document discusses issues and potential solutions for sustainable forest management (SFM) in the Asia-Pacific region under a changing climate. It outlines the impacts of climate change seen in the region, including increased flooding, storms, and forest disturbances. Experts were surveyed who identified water issues, forest disturbances, and flooding as top concerns. The document then presents a framework for developing adaptation strategies using tools like climate modeling, ecological modeling, and strategic planning to assess impacts and trade-offs between values like carbon, biodiversity and livelihoods. It emphasizes the need for region-specific research and international collaboration to achieve SFM goals.
Helping farmersadaptextremeweathervariableclimateshort
This document summarizes resources for agricultural adaptation to climate change provided by USDA agencies including the Natural Resources Conservation Service and Agriculture Research Service. It describes an adaptation workbook framework that was developed and tested to help farmers and land managers incorporate climate considerations into their management. The framework connects management goals and climate impacts to specific adaptation actions. It provides a menu of options to prepare for, cope with, and recover from climate extremes. The document outlines key principles of adaptation and strategies to create pathways to sustainability under a changing climate.
Experience Farmer Organization for adaptation to Climate Change
http://www.fao.org/asiapacific/events/detail-events/en/c/1262/
Presentation of Masroni from Nuasantara Farmer’s movement, describing farmers adaptation to climate change. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the Regional Symposium on Agroecology in Asia and the Pacific, held in Bangkok, Senegal on 24-26 November 2015.
© FAO: http://www.fao.org
Sharing Evidence and Experience on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Smallholder I...
www.fao.org/climatechange/micca
The presentation gives a summary of results and recommendations from Working Group sessions of over 40 research and development projects and 50 experts on climate change and agriculture in Kenya. The working groups covered the following areas:
- Climate information and insurance
- Aquaculture and livestock
- Cropping systems
- Conservation agriculture with trees
- Energy
- Farmer adoption, capacity development and gender.
© FAO: http://www.fao.org
Tewodros Tefera - ESPA Alter Project
The document outlines the pathways, activities, and outcomes of the ALTER project which aims to understand the relationships between poverty, livelihoods, and soil ecosystem services. The project consists of 4 work packages that seek to: 1) understand socio-economic relationships between soils and poverty; 2) assess soil capacity to provide ecosystem services; 3) assess mechanisms to alleviate poverty through soil carbon; and 4) deliver development and academic impacts. Key activities include measuring poverty and ecosystem dependence, identifying drivers of land use change, evaluating soil carbon management options, and assessing adoption barriers. Impact will be achieved through workshops, reports, publications, and developing an understanding of poverty/livelihood relationships and conditions for soil conservation investments.
Daniel sandars2
Daniel L. Sandars is a research officer specializing in decision modelling and analysis related to agriculture and the environment. He has degrees in agriculture, applied environmental science, and operational research. His research interests include sustainability with respect to land use and farming. A current project is developing a whole farm model to predict farmers' rational responses to policy initiatives promoting biodiversity, such as for lowland arable birds. This project is funded by three research councils and interests Defra. In the future, he sees needs to improve mathematical programming computability, better understand decision behavior, improve data and modeling, and recognize uncertainty.
Sustainable landscapes: A means of managing social and environmental issues i...
Presented by Terry Sunderland, from the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), at the Meeting of ASEAN Senior Officials on Forestry in Putrajaya, Malaysia, on July 24-29, 2017.
Are we working towards the world we want agroforestry - ravi prabhu - icraf
Are we working towards the world we want agroforestry - ravi prabhu - icrafWorld Agroforestry (ICRAF)
A presentation to the ICRAF Board of Trustees 2013 about the Intermediate Development Objectives of the CGIAR ConsortiumGEF-6 Strategic Programming
The document discusses the GEF's strategy of using integrated thinking to develop creative solutions that achieve multiple environmental benefits across focal areas. It emphasizes that environmental challenges are interlinked, and that single-issue analysis can lead to siloed thinking. Integrated thinking analyzes systems holistically and inspires solutions that deliver benefits aligned with GEF objectives in biodiversity, land degradation, chemicals and waste, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and international waters. Examples provided include solutions addressing the water-food-energy nexus and low-carbon urban systems.
Converging global indicators for sustainable forest management by mmh31
Its just a class presentation on the article 'Converging global indicators for sustainable forest management (Author: G. T. McDonald, M. B. Lane)'
Evidence-Based Forestry: Approaches and Results in the Asia-Pacific Region
This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines.
The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included:
Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets
Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities
Serving society: forestry and people
New institutions, new governance
Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets
Putting a “Climate Change Filter” on Stewardship and Conservation
Putting a “Climate Change Filter” on Stewardship and ConservationNorthern Institute of Applied Climate Science
Land Trust Alliance Rally, November 2017.
Land trust activities are constantly changing to accommodate new challenges and issues, and it’s becoming increasingly important to develop and implement conservation activities that consider the challenges of a changing and uncertain climate. This fast-paced, dynamic workshop will lead participants through a five-step process to consider how climate change will affect their lands and conservation goals. This “climate change filter” will then be used to identify actions that enable forest ecosystems to adapt to changing conditions. The session will also identify strategies to engage woodland owner networks in these important stewardship activities, including climate change communication to key audiences and stakeholders.Integrating Climate Change and Forest Adaptation
Presentation to University of Maine Climate Change Institute, April 2018.
Abstract: More and more information is becoming available about how forests and other
ecosystems may change in response to a warmer and changing climate, but it can be
challenging to integrate this information into real-world management plans and
activities. This seminar will discuss adaptation as a growing field of science and
applications of adaptation approaches, highlighting the USDA Climate Adaptation
Workbook (adaptationworkbook.org/), with on-the-ground examples like the Adaptive
Silviculture for Climate Change (forestadaptation.org/ascc) national experiment.
CRP6: Forests, Trees and Agroforestry: livelihoods, landscapes and governance
CRP6: Forests, Trees and Agroforestry: livelihoods, landscapes and governanceWorld Agroforestry (ICRAF)
The document discusses the goals and components of CRP6, which focuses on forests, trees and agroforestry. It aims to understand patterns of forest transition, consequences for livelihoods and the environment, and test innovative landscape management approaches. The research will be conducted across multiple countries in partnership with other organizations. Key areas of focus include understanding drivers of forest change, impacts on services like carbon and biodiversity, and developing tools for landscape planning and governance. Tools used in climate risk management policies
Tools used in climate risk management policies CCAFS | CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security
Presentation by Philip Thornton, Theme Leader, CCAFS, at the CCAFS Workshop on Institutions and Policies to Scale out Climate Smart Agriculture held between 2-5 December 2013, in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Final_ENGLISH_Day_2_morning_with_Big_sheet_guidance_in_comments.pptx
This document provides an agenda and overview for Day 2 of a training on sustainable forest management and the green economy.
The morning will include a presentation reflecting on the previous day's training, rotating responsible teams to new roles, and a spotlight presentation on forest data collection, analysis and management, followed by an exercise on identifying gaps in priority forest data.
The document then provides context on defining sustainable forest management and criteria/indicators for assessment. It outlines challenges in forest data management and frameworks like national forest monitoring, national forest inventories, and sustainable forest management criteria/indicators that can help achieve progress by building bridges between stakeholders and informing policy.
Similar to Pierre bernier iufro2014 (20)
Connecticut Forest Adaptation Planning and Practices (March 2015)
Connecticut Forest Adaptation Planning and Practices (March 2015)
Centre for International Forestry Research: Landscapes and food systems
Centre for International Forestry Research: Landscapes and food systems
Final_ENGLISH_Day_3_morning_-_with_guidance_on_big_sheets.pptx
Final_ENGLISH_Day_3_morning_-_with_guidance_on_big_sheets.pptx
Issues and Solutions for SFM in a Changing Climate in the AP region
Issues and Solutions for SFM in a Changing Climate in the AP region
Helping farmersadaptextremeweathervariableclimateshort
Helping farmersadaptextremeweathervariableclimateshort
Experience Farmer Organization for adaptation to Climate Change
Experience Farmer Organization for adaptation to Climate Change
Sharing Evidence and Experience on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Smallholder I...
Sharing Evidence and Experience on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Smallholder I...
Sustainable landscapes: A means of managing social and environmental issues i...
Sustainable landscapes: A means of managing social and environmental issues i...
Are we working towards the world we want agroforestry - ravi prabhu - icraf
Are we working towards the world we want agroforestry - ravi prabhu - icraf
Converging global indicators for sustainable forest management by mmh31
Converging global indicators for sustainable forest management by mmh31
Evidence-Based Forestry: Approaches and Results in the Asia-Pacific Region
Evidence-Based Forestry: Approaches and Results in the Asia-Pacific Region
Putting a “Climate Change Filter” on Stewardship and Conservation
Putting a “Climate Change Filter” on Stewardship and Conservation
CRP6: Forests, Trees and Agroforestry: livelihoods, landscapes and governance
CRP6: Forests, Trees and Agroforestry: livelihoods, landscapes and governance
Final_ENGLISH_Day_2_morning_with_Big_sheet_guidance_in_comments.pptx
Final_ENGLISH_Day_2_morning_with_Big_sheet_guidance_in_comments.pptx
More from melnhe
Distinguishing N and P addition from the air using imaging spectroscopy. Alex...
This document discusses using imaging spectroscopy and field studies to distinguish between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) additions from the air. It finds that N addition reduced reflectance by producing more chlorophyll and absorbing more light, while P addition increased reflectance. When a model was trained on treatment classes (control, N, P, N+P) for 75% of plots, it predicted the other 25% of plots with 83% accuracy. Field measurements of resin-available N and P in soil aligned with clustering of tree-top spectra responses to nutrients. This indicates trees can act as remote signals of belowground nutrient availability and function.
Germinants: The next generation. Denise Rauschendorfer
The document summarizes multiple studies on germinants conducted by different researchers from 2012 to 2020. It includes population density studies of American beech and sugar maple from 2012, 2018, and 2020 by Denise Rauschendorfer, Shinjini Goswami, and Thomas Mann. It also summarizes seedling survival data collected by Shinjini Goswami, seedling light availability studies, and stem mapping works created by Alex Young using data from previous and present studies. The document is funded by USDA NIFA and NSF, and more information can be found at the provided website.
Mycorrhizal type and co-limitation of forest productivity. Noah Blumenthal
This study investigated how the two types of mycorrhizal associations in northern hardwood forests (arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal) influence nutrient limitations and forest productivity. The researchers measured annual stem growth in mature forest stands between 2015-2019. They found that nutrient additions of nitrogen and phosphorus had interactive effects on productivity, suggesting co-limitation, and this effect was stronger for arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species than ectomycorrhizal species. They concluded the greater relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal trees promotes nutrient co-limitation in mature northern hardwood forests.
Grow with the changes: Forest succession and woody debris. Joe Nash
1) The document analyzes data from two studies to quantify stocks of downed dead wood in northern hardwood forest stands of different ages.
2) Thirteen forest stands ages 31-145 years old were inventoried for coarse and fine woody debris using line intersect and nested subplot sampling.
3) The primary objective is to distinguish the characteristics of woody debris corresponding to different successional stages in northern hardwood forests.
Litterfall and soil respiration fluxes in the MELNHE study. Thomas Mann
This document summarizes a study examining how soil respiration and litterfall in northern hardwood forests are controlled by nutrient availability. The study measured soil CO2 fluxes and collected fine litterfall from treatment plots with different nitrogen and phosphorus additions across 13 forest stands from 2008-2019. Preliminary results found that nitrogen addition lowered soil respiration in nitrogen-poor sites from 2011-2013. While apparent trends were observed, the authors note that statistical analysis is still needed and fertilization effects on litterfall may be more complicated. Next steps include further statistical analysis and exploring why nutrient additions did not significantly impact soil respiration rates.
N-P co-limitation in young northern hardwood forest. Tim Fahey
1) The document discusses nitrogen, phosphorus, and fine roots in young northern hardwood stands.
2) It presents the hypothesis that growth of new fine roots in these stands may be co-limited by balanced mineral nutrition of nitrogen and phosphorus.
3) A factorial experiment using ingrowth cores found that fine root growth and biomass increased at the plot level in response to the addition of both nitrogen and phosphorus, but not from the addition of only one nutrient.
Fine dining: root morphology, mycorrhizal colonization, and nutrient amendmen...
This document discusses an experimental study that examined the effects of nutrient amendments on mycorrhizal colonization and root morphology in red maple seedlings. The study predicted that nitrogen amendments would decrease vesicles in roots, phosphorus amendments would increase coil structures, and root morphology would vary depending on mycorrhizal colonization and structures under each treatment type. It then describes the experimental design, data collection process involving root processing and staining, and analysis of mycorrhizal colonization and root morphology.
Could co-limitation be caused by different nutrients limiting shoots and root...
(1) The MELNHE study examines nutrient co-limitation of forest productivity across 13 forest stands of different ages located in three sites. Fertilization experiments add nitrogen, phosphorus, or both to test for co-limitation.
(2) So far, tree growth has been found to be primarily limited by phosphorus rather than nitrogen or co-limitation.
(3) A new study tested whether root growth is directly limited by nitrogen or phosphorus availability, or responds to aboveground nutrient allocation. Fine root growth responded directly to nitrogen addition but not phosphorus addition, and roots foraged more in phosphorus-rich patches.
Sugar maple leaf characteristics vary with depth in the crown and nutrient ad...
This document summarizes a study that examined how the physical, chemical, and metabolic characteristics of sugar maple leaves vary with their depth in the tree crown and with the addition of nutrients. The study found that foliar nitrogen and chlorophyll increased deeper in the crown and with nitrogen addition, while foliar phosphorus increased with phosphorus addition. The study concludes that most leaves are shaded rather than just "sun" or "shade" leaves, and that examining the vertical gradient in a tree crown can help reveal relationships between leaf characteristics and nutrients.
The timing of senescence affects foliar p resorption dan hong
This document discusses a study on the timing of senescence and its effects on foliar phosphorus (P) resorption. The study (1) examined how foliar concentration and resorption of P and other nutrients varied with N, P, and N+P additions and between species, and (2) investigated whether the timing of senescence affected foliar resorption with nutrient additions. Field collections of green leaves and litter were made over multiple dates in the fall. Results showed adding N increased foliar N but decreased foliar P, while adding P increased foliar P. P resorption efficiency was lower under P additions and proceeded over the course of the fall.
Space wars the fight for light in the stands of bartlett sarah congress
This document discusses using LiDAR to map and quantify forest canopy structure within stands at Bartlett, Hubbard Brook, and Jeffers Brook. The first steps are to create maps of the tree canopy and describe the position of each species. Field data on species heights is collected along transects and recorded. Next steps are to combine LiDAR and field data to create species-specific vegetation area index profiles and determine if treatments have affected species dominance or position in the canopy.
Having a stake in nutrient cycling effects of n and p addition on wood decay...
In a 3-year pilot study, researchers placed sugar maple wood stakes in forest stands to examine the effects of adding nitrogen, phosphorus, both nutrients, and a control on wood decay. Over 273 stakes were distributed across plots with different nutrient additions or a control at 3 sites. The stakes will be collected and analyzed to determine percent mass loss over the study period, with future analysis of nutrients, soil microbes, and their role in wood decay.
Fruiting response of ectomycorrhizal fungi to nutrient additions claudia vi...
Collecting fungal sporocarps allows researchers to survey the effects of nutrient additions on mycorrhizal fungi fitness over a larger area than soil samples alone. The study aims to determine how ectomycorrhizal sporocarp abundance and fungal community composition vary with nitrogen, phosphorus, and combined nutrient additions and between seasons. Over 4,000 sporocarps from 35 genera and 160 morphospecies were collected and will be identified using genetic techniques to analyze impacts of nutrient manipulations.
Does the fate of n depend on p availability in soil - samuel butler
This document discusses using an N15 experiment to determine if the fate of nitrogen (N) in soil depends on the availability of phosphorus (P). Previous research found that adding phosphorus suppresses resin-available nitrogen in soils. Additional studies showed that trees grew more in response to added phosphorus in mid-aged and old growth forests, but responded more to added nitrogen in younger forests. The proposed experiment would use the N15 isotope to trace nitrogen pathways through soil organic matter, plant roots, the microbial biomass, and mineral soil.
Belowground c allocation estimated as soil respiration minus aboveground litt...
This document summarizes a study estimating belowground carbon allocation in forests by measuring soil respiration and aboveground litter inputs over multiple years. The researchers found that nitrogen decreases soil respiration and likely belowground carbon allocation, while phosphorus decreases leaf litter production. Preliminary results suggest phosphorus may matter more for aboveground growth while nitrogen affects belowground processes to a greater degree.
Baby boomers are there any surviving germinants from the recent mast year -...
The document discusses a study examining how nutrient treatments affect germination rates and seedling survival of American beech and sugar maple. The study had three hypotheses: 1) germination and survival of maple would be highest with calcium addition; 2) germination and survival of beech would reflect limitation of nitrogen or phosphorus; and 3) survival may reflect nutritional value of seedlings. Methods involved counting germinants and seedlings in nutrient treatment plots over two years. Results showed beech germination increased with nitrogen and phosphorus addition, while maple decreased. Seedling survival decreased with nitrogen and phosphorus addition but increased with calcium addition, with no difference between nitrogen and phosphorus effects.
And you thought there were no earthworms in our forests
There were few earthworms found at Bartlett but many earthworms were found at Jeffers Brook. Plots at Jeffers Brook with added nitrogen had fewer earthworms, while plots with added calcium had more earthworms.
Intro for asm workshop see
This document provides information about an upcoming workshop on quantifying uncertainty in monitoring. It includes:
- Details on presenters who will discuss topics like taxonomy of uncertainty, examples from NEON, detecting differences from rain gauge and mercury monitoring data, and measuring uncertainty in the Forest Inventory and Analysis.
- An agenda that will include introductions from participants, five minute presentations followed by discussion, and a general discussion on how the workshop helped and what further assistance is needed.
- Information on current practices in reporting uncertainty from ecosystem studies, including a survey that identified major sources of uncertainty and how respondents report, understand, and view the importance of different sources.
Asm2018 7 young
Forest inventory crews were analyzed to determine measurement errors in tree diameter. The study found bias may exist due to penalties for observations more than one class off. While measurement error magnitude was identified, the most uncertain measurements may not be the most important to improve. Propagating the errors into forest inventory data product calculations like timber volume and carbon storage will show which measurements are most important to improve.
Asm2018 6 dietze
The document discusses Pecan Project's uncertainty analysis for LTER ASM 2018. It analyzes parameter uncertainty and sensitivity, and outputs uncertainty through trait meta-analysis, iterative Bayesian calibration, and variance decomposition. Key findings include growth respiration and root water uptake being highly sensitive, and stomatal conductance variability differing between conifer and hardwood species and latitudes. The analysis aims to characterize, propagate, analyze, and reduce uncertainties.
More from melnhe (20)
Distinguishing N and P addition from the air using imaging spectroscopy. Alex...
Distinguishing N and P addition from the air using imaging spectroscopy. Alex...
Germinants: The next generation. Denise Rauschendorfer
Germinants: The next generation. Denise Rauschendorfer
Mycorrhizal type and co-limitation of forest productivity. Noah Blumenthal
Mycorrhizal type and co-limitation of forest productivity. Noah Blumenthal
Grow with the changes: Forest succession and woody debris. Joe Nash
Grow with the changes: Forest succession and woody debris. Joe Nash
Litterfall and soil respiration fluxes in the MELNHE study. Thomas Mann
Litterfall and soil respiration fluxes in the MELNHE study. Thomas Mann
N-P co-limitation in young northern hardwood forest. Tim Fahey
N-P co-limitation in young northern hardwood forest. Tim Fahey
Fine dining: root morphology, mycorrhizal colonization, and nutrient amendmen...
Fine dining: root morphology, mycorrhizal colonization, and nutrient amendmen...
Could co-limitation be caused by different nutrients limiting shoots and root...
Could co-limitation be caused by different nutrients limiting shoots and root...
Sugar maple leaf characteristics vary with depth in the crown and nutrient ad...
Sugar maple leaf characteristics vary with depth in the crown and nutrient ad...
The timing of senescence affects foliar p resorption dan hong
The timing of senescence affects foliar p resorption dan hong
Space wars the fight for light in the stands of bartlett sarah congress
Space wars the fight for light in the stands of bartlett sarah congress
Having a stake in nutrient cycling effects of n and p addition on wood decay...
Having a stake in nutrient cycling effects of n and p addition on wood decay...
Fruiting response of ectomycorrhizal fungi to nutrient additions claudia vi...
Fruiting response of ectomycorrhizal fungi to nutrient additions claudia vi...
Does the fate of n depend on p availability in soil - samuel butler
Does the fate of n depend on p availability in soil - samuel butler
Belowground c allocation estimated as soil respiration minus aboveground litt...
Belowground c allocation estimated as soil respiration minus aboveground litt...
Baby boomers are there any surviving germinants from the recent mast year -...
Baby boomers are there any surviving germinants from the recent mast year -...
And you thought there were no earthworms in our forests
And you thought there were no earthworms in our forests
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一比一原版(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
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一比一原版美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）如何办理
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一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
原版制作(UPSaclay毕业证书)巴黎萨克雷大学毕业证PDF成绩单一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(UPSaclay毕业证书)巴黎萨克雷大学毕业证PDF成绩单》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Republic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdf
Republic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdf
一比一原版美国亚利桑那大学毕业证（ua学位证）如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：WP101A】【美国亚利桑那大学毕业证（ua学位证）成绩单】【微信：WP101A】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理美国亚利桑那大学毕业证（ua学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国亚利桑那大学毕业证（ua学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国亚利桑那大学毕业证（ua学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国亚利桑那大学毕业证（ua学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
一比一原版美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：WP101A】【美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）成绩单】【微信：WP101A】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Vip Call Girls Bangalore 9024918724 Independent Call Girl Service Bangalore
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快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
一比一原版美国南加州大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国南加州大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理美国南加州大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国南加州大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国南加州大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国南加州大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理
原版定制【微信:741003700】《西澳大学毕业证学位证成绩单》【微信:741003700】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份毕业证【Q微信741003700】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【Q微信741003700】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
Good Agricultural Practices Presentation PDF.pdf
Presentation on Good Agricultural Practices in CAR Philippines.
一比一原版美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：WP101A】【美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）成绩单】【微信：WP101A】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
学校原版(unuk学位证书)英国牛津布鲁克斯大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(unuk学位证书)英国牛津布鲁克斯大学毕业证硕士文凭》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
Call Girls Bangalore 9024918724 Independent Call Girl Service Bangalore
Call Girls Bangalore 9024918724 Independent Call Girl Service Bangalore
Mass Production of Trichogramma sp..pptx
Trichogramma spp. is an efficient egg parasitoids that potentially assist to manage the insect-pests from the field condition by parasiting the host eggs. To mass culture this egg parasitoids effectively, we need to culture another stored grain pest- Rice Meal Moth (Corcyra Cephalonica). After rearing this pest, the eggs of Corcyra will carry the potential Trichogramma spp., which is an Hymenopteran Wasp. The detailed Methodologies of rearing both Corcyra Cephalonica and Trichogramma spp. have described on this ppt.
一比一原版美国南加州大学毕业证（usc学位证）如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：WP101A】【美国南加州大学毕业证（usc学位证）成绩单】【微信：WP101A】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理美国南加州大学毕业证（usc学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国南加州大学毕业证（usc学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国南加州大学毕业证（usc学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国南加州大学毕业证（usc学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systems
Presented by Christopher Martius (CIFOR-ICRAF) at "Side event 60th sessions of the UNFCCC Subsidiary Bodies - Sustainable Bites: Innovating Low Emission Food Systems One Country at a Time" on 13 June 2024
一比一原版美国堪萨斯大学毕业证（KU学位证）如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：WP101A】【美国堪萨斯大学毕业证（KU学位证）成绩单】【微信：WP101A】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理美国堪萨斯大学毕业证（KU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国堪萨斯大学毕业证（KU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国堪萨斯大学毕业证（KU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国堪萨斯大学毕业证（KU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systems
Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systems
Pierre bernier iufro2014
- 1. Uncertainty in forest management planning: why it will not go away and what should we do about it Pierre Bernier Natural Resources Canada / Canadian Forest Service IUFRO World Congress 2014
- 2. 2 Presentation plan: •The climate is changing •Society is changing •We have to adapt
- 3. 3 The different scales of forest management 1- Operational / tactical (short-term): Harvest scheduling, stand tending, sylviculture, access maintenance and planning Uncertainties related to: • Wood quantity and quality, distribution on the landscape • Short-term to medium-term market conditions
- 4. 4 3- Strategic, regional scale (medium to long-term): Sustainability targets, investment decisions, etc… Uncertainties related to: • Tree growth and disturbance regimes • Long-term market conditions • Changing regulations / legislations / standards The different scales of forest management Trees take decades to grow but the past is no longer a good analog of the future
- 5. 5 Source: IPCC IPCC WG1 AR5, 2013 : « …since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia... » Climate change is a large cause of current and future uncertainty
- 6. 6 Impacts on Canada’s forest sector are already detectable Frest fires Bark beetle attack on Ponderosa pine Droughts Spruce budworm Mountain Pine beetle Aspen dieback Winter harvesting issues Increased growth?? Wind and ice storms Smoke emissions
- 7. 7 Impacts are not limited to Canada’s forests Fires in US National Forests USDA For Serv. 2013
- 8. 8 Impacts are not limited to Canada’s forests Wind storms in EU forests EFI News July 2013
- 9. 9 Time=0 Climate change and global changes impose new uncertainties in the projection of future states of forest ecosystems. Time=30, 50, 100 years
- 10. 10 •Societies’ expectations are changing with ensuing rapid changes in regulations and legislations •Forest products are diversifying but with shorter life cycle, making it difficult to forecast the future use of trees •The market place is globalizing making it difficult to predict the future value of trees Forestry and Society
- 11. 11 Sustainable management: maintenance of ecosystem processes Forest management: an evolving concept Changes in public perception and expectations Improvements in tracking capacity Improvements in understanding of ecosystem processes Sustained yield: maintenance of timber flow
- 12. 12 Many uncertainties are linked to chaotic systems, or to elements whose drivers are not within the control of the forest sector
- 13. 13 These uncertainties will not go away…
- 14. 14 The way forward… 1- Base decisions on multiple futures: Use multiple projection tools Use multiple scenarios Use probabilistic approaches For researchers: Develop risk analysis for forest strategic planning Develop optimisation tools that incorporate stochasticity
- 15. 15 2- Implement adaptive management approaches: Predict Verify Adjust Continuous development of knowledge Continuous monitoring of forest status Periodic comparison of predictions versus reality Periodic re- alignment of management goals and tools Learn Try Change The way forward… For researchers: •Development of monitoring •Study of trends / forecasts •Evaluation of vulnerabilities
- 16. 16 3- Mainstream changes… Changes in legislative / regulatory frameworks Incorporation of risk and failure Support for adaptation to an uncertain world The way forward… For researchers: Evaluation of barriers to change Enrichment of dialogues with forest managers/planners Tailoring of research to address pressing planning needs
- 17. 17
Editor's Notes
- Future states of forest ecosystems: états futurs des écosystèmes forestiers