Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is a serious infectious disease caused by hantaviruses carried by rodents, particularly the deer mouse, leading to flu-like symptoms that can escalate to severe respiratory issues. Infection primarily occurs through inhalation of contaminated dust from rodent urine and droppings, and prevention involves avoiding contact with rodents and maintaining cleanliness. Specific treatments are limited, but early hospitalization and supportive therapies like intubation and oxygenation can improve prognosis.

2. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is an infectious disease
characterized by flu-like symptoms that can progress
rapidly to potentially life-threatening breathing problems.
Several types of hantaviruses can cause hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome. They are carried by several types of
rodents, particularly the deer mouse. You become
infected primarily by breathing air infected with
hantaviruses that are shed in rodent urine and droppings.
Because treatment options are limited, the best protection
against hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is to avoid
rodents and their habitats.

3. The virus is carried by rodents and deer mice. It is
present in the urine and faeces of these animals.
However, it causes no form of illness or symptoms in
the animals it infects. When a human comes in contact
with the airborne virus or contaminated dust from
mice droppings or nest, it can lead to an infection.
Humans may also come in contact with contaminated
dust when cleaning their houses, sheds, roofs as well
as an area that was closed or empty for a really long
time.

4. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome can be prevented by
avoiding contact with rodent droppings and urine. In
order to do so, one should take steps to eliminate
rodent infestations in and around their houses. One
should call an exterminator or the local health
department to take care of the rodent infection and
control. When cleaning droppings around the house,
one should wear disposable gloves and mask. One
must soak the dead mice, nests and droppings in a
solution of sodium hypochlorite (household bleach).
Dispose off the disposable gloves, masks and
clothing. Wash hands with a disinfectant properly and
thoroughly.

5. In the first 3 to 7 days of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, many
of its symptoms resemble those of a severe cold, the flu, or
a gastrointestinal disease.
 Fever
 Chills
 Headaches
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Diarrhoea
 Dizziness
 Fatigue
 Muscle aches in the large muscle groups (i.e., back, thighs,
shoulders)

6. After the first few days, respiratory difficulties begin abruptly
and can progress rapidly. People with the infection will develop
a condition called adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS),
in which the lungs lose their ability to move oxygen to the
blood. Patients may develop a cough and shortness of the
breath. Very quickly every organ of the body is affected.
Continue:

7. Specific treatment options for hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome are limited. But the prognosis improves with early
recognition, immediate hospitalization and adequate support for
breathing.
 Supportive therapy: People with severe cases need immediate
treatment in an intensive care unit. Assisted respiration,
whether through intubation or mechanical ventilation, can help
with breathing and ward off pulmonary edema. Intubation
involves placing a breathing tube through your nose, mouth or
trachea to help keep your airways open and functioning.
 Blood oxygenation: In extremely severe cases of pulmonary
distress, you'll need a method called extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation to help ensure you retain a sufficient supply of
oxygen. This involves continuously pumping your blood
through a machine that removes carbon dioxide and adds
oxygen. The oxygenated blood is then returned to your body.

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