The document discusses sustainable architecture and green building principles. It provides definitions of green architecture as buildings that minimize energy and resource use while creating a healthy environment. Key principles discussed include efficient resource use, renewable energy, water conservation, and indoor environmental quality. Green buildings provide benefits like reduced costs, easier maintenance, water and energy efficiency, and better indoor air quality compared to conventional buildings. While green buildings may have higher initial costs, the long-term savings and returns on investment can outweigh the upfront expenses. The document advocates applying sustainable design principles from the earliest stages of a building project.

1. ABSTRACT
With the day by day increase of some environmental problems. People are having awareness
and are finding new way to solve or minimize these environmental degradation issues. One of
the concepts is of green building or more innovatively speaking sustain all architecture.
Sustainable architecture is that term which notices or explains such environmental techniques
in the field of architecture. This technique provides us a lot of benefits such as environ mental,
economic, and health and community benefits. These green building design majorly
implements on improving or maximizing the efficiency of resources little energy ,what and
building materials the most common and buy principles behind sustainable architecture have
the concept of optimum size, energy efficiency, water conservation, local natural material use,
reduced energy use results in reduced wastes.
Pakistan is now suffering the problem of population boom without fulfilling the requirements
of having sector due to shortage of land, resources of water recycling od solid waste, improper
energy use for mal-planning.
The implementation of green building architecture and principles for applications the housing
factor may find out the solution to get rid of such problems like water issue energy and water
crises.
Our neighboring country India also faces such type of issues and are almost same but they are
being aware and encouraged to incorporate of green buildings in India is 30%-50% less energy
country India also faces such type of issues and are almost same but they are being awarded
and encouraged to incorporate of green buildings in India is 30%-50% less energy as in
comparison to the conventional buildings.
In Pakistan the work is going on the green architecture and some buildings are also designed
and recognized as green architecture and it is said that to minimize the energy consumption
and to make ever green population housing demand with power , water and solid waste
disposal, green architecture is the solution to are these problems.
GREEN ARCHITECTURE:
There is a huge range of definitions to clear the idea of what green architecture or
what it does,
“The best green project helps to preserves and restores habitat that is suitable for perusing life
and becomes the generator of resources , materials, energy and water, rather than consuming
all these things”
A green building is that in which constitution and life time of operation makes the healthiest

2. environment and with the least use of hand, water, energy and resources.
GEETING AWAYWITH MYTH THAT GREEN ALWAYS COSTS
MORE:
Were there are many green materials and technologies that no wonder costs
more than normal building material. But it is also shown demonstrated that there are many
green applications and developments that do cost almost the same or less than the traditional
buildings.
By wisely using the green technologies that cost less with green technologies that cost the same
or a little bit more, it is possible that we can create a green building project whose cost comes
the same as the conventional ones.
DICISIONS TO BUILT GREEN:
It is difficult to decide in the initial phases of the design to built a green building
in the early design process. To create the green potential, minimize redesign and to assure the
success of the whole green elements of the building project.
Making a decision to built green and establishing firm environmental objectives for the project
must be done as early in time as possible because opportunities for incorporating green
technologies and design solution becomes less and less available and becoming costly to apply
as the project design and construction process progresses.
First before taking the decision to built green first the site should be selected because some site
conditions are not well or are inappropriate for building such type of projects.
SETTING GREEN GOALS AND OBJECTIVES:
When the decisions is finalized that green building is going to be made the
initial process is to discuss the suitable environments goals for the development of the project.
All these matters are discussed during the targeting or goal setting sessions.
During this session the important things to be initially discussed are to set suitable measurable
goals for things like energy efficiency, water conservation, on site treatment of rain water and
storm water material and resource management, construction waste managements and to
control and proceed these certain goals a team is built to handle all these issues.
BUILDING A GREEN TEAM:

3. Hiring such a design team with green design experience is more needed
because some time the clashes develops and argumental discussions and meetings develops
with architects or engineering consultants who have more green building experience and site
design principles and advancement in technologies.
The overall collected knowledge vast experience and dedication and spirit of the design team
will determine the overall success of the green project.
All members of the green team should participate in the project goal setting sessions held.
Once the goal setting process is completed it is obvious that completing the certain goals would
require high expertise that her outside the current design team.
Specialized and experienced consultants are needed to sort and arrange the issues of the
certain project.
INTEGRATED DESIGN PROCESS:
Building a green building is not just that to built such a thing using the green
technologies or materials. But rather it is a process in which energy element of the design is
first arrange or design and then the impact of the interrelationship of various elements and site
are reevaluated, integrated and optimized as part of whole building solution.
FUNDAMENTALS PRINCIPLES OF GREEN BUILDING AND
SUSTAINABLE SITE DESIGN:
SUSTAINABLE SITE DESIGN:
KEY PRINCIPLES:
Minimize urban carelessness and needless destruction of valuable land, habitat and green
space which results from inefficient low density development. Encourage higher density urban
development, urban redevelopment and urban renewal as means to pressure valuable green
space.
KEY STRATEGIES AND TECHNOLOGIES:
1. Use the space more efficiently, renovate and reuse the vacant buildings sites and associated
infrastructure and consider redevelopment of our field sites. Design such type of building which
are flexible for future useful life.

4. 2. Recognizing that allowing higher density development in urban area as helps to pressure
green space and reduce urban sprawl.
3. Make such type of design which is best for pedestrians for people who are riding bikes
including the safety measures of bicycles. Consider making provisions for refunding or
recharging alternative fuel vehicles.
4. It helps in the reduction of urban heat island effect by reducing the building and site
development foot print and using light colored roof, paving and walkways.
5. Natural shading of building should be provided and plant lies and other landscape features all
around the vicinity of the building.
6. Helps reduce night time light pollution by avoiding over elimination of site and use low cut
off exterior lighting features which direct light downward, not upward and outward.
WATER QUALITY AND CONSERVATION:
Key Principles:
Preserve the existing natural water cycle and design site and building improvements such that
they closely emulate the site’s natural “pre-development” hydrological systems. Emphasis
should be placed on retention of storm water and on-site infiltration and ground water recharge
using methods that closely emulate natural systems. Minimize the unnecessary and inefficient
use of potable water on the site while maximizing the recycling and reuse of water, including
harvested rainwater, storm water, and gray water
KEY STRATEGIES AND TECHNOLOGIES:
1. Design storm water management which is most environmental preferable, less time
consuming and least costly is often the one in which the design of building and site
improvement respect the existing natural flows and features of the land.
2. Efforts should be made to protect the areas from storm destruction.
3. Preservation agitation planting more and more landscape play a major role in the natural
water cycle by absorbing and disturbing up to 30% of a site’s rain water through evaporation.
4. Conserve water and pressure site and ground water quality by using drought resistant and
hardy trees, shrubs, plants and herbs that require no irrigation fertilizers, pesticides or
herbicides.

5. ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT:
Key Principles:
Minimize adverse impacts on the environment (air, water, land, natural resources) through
optimized building Siting, optimized building design, material selection, and aggressive use of
energy conservation measures.
Resulting building performance should exceed minimum International Energy Code (IEC)
compliance level by 30 to 40% or more. Maximize the use of renewable energy and other low
impact energy sources.
KEY STRATEGIES:
1. Arrange such type of pressure solar orientation, building massing and use of external shading
devices such that the design of the building minimizes undesirable solar gains during the summer
months which maximizing desirable solar gains during winter months.
2. The use of massing, shapes, colors and finishes in such away to make the use of controlled
natural day lighting which definitely reduces the consumption of the artificial energy. Consider
the use of light shelf technology.
3. Use state of the art, higher efficiency, heating ventilations and air conditioning (HVAC) and
plumbing equipment, chillers, drivers on fan and pump motors. Use heat recovery ventilators
geothermal heat pump technology for up to 40% energy saving.
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY:
Provide such a indoor environment which is healthy and sustainable for living. Provide such a
design which is best for indoor air ventilation, entrance of controlled day lighting etc.
KEY POINTS:
1. Use building materials, adhesives, sealants, finishes and furnishings which do not contain,
harbor, generate or release any particulate or gaseous contaminants including volatile organic
compounds.
2. Maximize the use of natural day lighting. Optimize solar orientation and design the building to
maximize penetration of the natural daylight into interior spaces. Provide shades or daylight
controls where is needed.
3. Maximize the use of operable windows and natural ventilation. Provide engineered
Ventilation systems that can operate independently of the buildings heating and cooling system.
Ventilation systems should be capable of effectively removing or treating indoor contaminants
while providing adequate amounts of fresh clean make-up air to all occupants and all regions of
the building. Monitor indoor air conditions including temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide

6. levels, so that building ventilation systems can respond when space conditions fall outside the
optimum range.
4. Provide a smoke free building. When smoking must be accommodated, provide completely
dedicated Smoking areas are physically isolated, have dedicated HVAC systems, and remain
under negative pressure with respect to all adjoining spaces. Assure that air from smoking areas
does not get distributed to other areas of the building does not re-enter the building through doors
or vestibules, operable windows, or building fresh air intakes.. Locate outdoor smoking areas so
that non-smokers do not have to pass through these areas when using primary building entrances
or exits.
Advantages of Green Building:
Cost: Green building saves much more money from the moment of creating during its
lifetime as ordinary buildings. It works with any kind of green structures – office
buildings, schools, churches, factories and others type of buildings.
Easier maintenance: Green buildings need less maintenance. For example most green
buildings don’t require exterior painting so often. Also as far as natural sources were
used during its construction, they are not destroyed so quickly.
Water efficiency: Recycling rainwater and using it for toilet flushing can save waste-
water. Water saving shower heads, ultra-low flush toilets and other conserving fixtures
can minimize waste-water.
Material efficiency: Green buildings are built from green, rapidly renewable, reusable
and recyclable materials as lumber, bamboo, straw, recycled metal/stone, sheep wool
etc.
Return on investment: Considering the average lifecycle of a building (50-100 years),
certain green building measures, such as installing solar panels or doubling the amount
of installation, can yield a strong return on investment and lead to higher resale values.
Energy efficiency: Green building has a great advantage of reducing operating energy
consumption. Studies proved that those buildings which are built with wood will have a
lower embodied energy than buildings made of brick, steel or other materials.
Tax incentives: Incentives exist on a local, state, and federal level to support building
green initiatives.
Disadvantages of Green Building:

7. Cost: Many believe that the cost of green building is cost-prohibitive. You need to invest
a lot of money. However later with energy saving possibilities the invested money may
come back.
Location: To amend sun exposure, green building may need a correct structural
orientation. It influences how natural light enters the building, how to shade some part of
it.
Time: Sometimes it takes too much time to find the needed material. The client can
delay the construction.