The document provides information on key grammar concepts in Spanish, including the differences between qué and cuál, common transitional words, uses of ser and estar, the gustar construction, imperfect verbs and their triggers, acabar de, hacer expressions, reflexive verbs, commands, and preterite tense endings. It defines each concept and provides examples to illustrate proper usage.

1. By: Enrique Matthews

2.  1. Qué vs. Cuál
 2. Transitional Words
 3. Ser
 4. Gustar
 5. Estar
 6. Imperfect Verbs
 7. Trigger words
 8. Acabar de …
 9. Hacer Expressions
 10. Verbos Como Gustar
 11. Reflexivos
 12. Tú Commands
 13. DOP Placement
 14. Preterite

3. Qué Cuál
“What” “Which”
Used when asking for definitions Formal
Most often used before nouns Used before nouns
Informal Used before ser when not asking a
definition

4. No No
O Or
Pero But
También Also
y And
Ni Neither
E And
Que What

5. Descriptions Un Libro
Origin Mexico
Characteristics Gordo
Time Es La Una
Occupation Doctor
Relationships Es Hermana
Possession La Camiseta
Events La Fiesta
Dates Miercoles
Yo Soy Nosotros Somos
Tū Eres Vosotros Sois
-Means to be
Ēl/Ella/Usted-es Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes- Son

6.  Means “To Like”
Indirect Pronouns
Me Nos
Te Os
Le Les
Gustar Conjugation
Gusto Gustamos
Gustas Gustáis
Gusta Gustan
-Gustar conjugation describes what is being liked
-EX- Me gustas tū.(Gustas modifies tū, instead of Me)

7.  Present Condition
 Health
 Abierto
 Bien
 Cerrado
 Mal
 ING
 Emotions
To be JumpING
 Enojada
 AR-Ando
 Triste
 IR-Iendo
 Locations  Er-Iendo
 La Oficina
 La Casa

8. -ar -er -ir
Yo -aba -ía -ía
Tú -abas -ías -ías
Él/ella/usted -aba -ía -ía
Nosotros -ábamaos -íamos -íamos
Vosotros -abais -íais -íais
Ellos/ellas/ustedes -aban -ían -ían

9. - Trigger words signal the use of an imperfect verb
Triggers Meaning
Todos Los Dīas Every day
A menudo Often
A Veces Sometimes
Siempre Always
Cada Dīa Everyday
Los Lunes Mondays
Generalmente Generally
Mientras While
De Vez En Cuando Occasionally
Muchas Veces Often
Frecuentemente Frequently

10.  Means to have just done something
 Acabar de Infinitive
 Never conjugate infinitive, only acabar
Acabo Acabamos
Acabas acabáis,
Acaba Acaban
Nosotros acabamos de leer el libro.
We just read the book.

11.  Hacer + Time + Que + Conjugated Verb
 Used to tell how much time you have done
something
 EX:
 Hace un año que estudio español.
I have been studying Spanish for one year.
 Hace dos años que ellas estudian inglés.
They have been studying English for two years.

12. Verbo Meaning
Gustar To Like
Disgustar To Dislike
Faltar To Fail
Molestar To Disturb
Doler To Hurt
Encantar To Love
Importar To Matter
-Verb is conjugated to modify the object of the sentence, not the subject
EX: Me gustan los libros.
Gustar in the 3rd plural is conjugated for los libros, 3rd Plural

13.  Verb that reverts back to the subject with the
action
Me Nos
Te Os
Se Se
- Yo me visto.
- I dress MYSELF. Tu te lavas.
-you dress yourself.

14. Tu Affiramtive Tu Negative
Make ver into Tú form then drop the Put verb into first person, then switch
“s” and add the DOP to the word vowels, then add an “s”
-Comer->Comes->Come->¡Comelo! -the DOP has to be before the
Eat It! conjugated verb.
Comer->Como->Coma->Comas
¡No Lo Comas! Ar->e ER/IR->a
Do not eat it!
Irregulares
Di No Digas
Haz No Hagas
Ve No Venyas
Pon No Pongas
Sal No Salgas
Sè No Seas
Ten No Tengas
Ven No Vengas

15. Me Nos
Te Os
Lo/La Los/Las
-When you change syllabification put „ on third to last syllable
1.Infinitive-Comerlo
2.Affiramtive Command- Cómelo
3.Present Proggresive- Está
Comiendolo

16.  Preterite tense is a tense that shows past actions
that have been completed before the present
time.
 Endings:
AR ER/IR
é í
aste iste
ó ió
amos imos
asteis isteis
aron ieron