The Voyager 1 and 2 missions were launched by NASA in 1977 to explore Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The total cost was $865 million. The Galileo spacecraft, also launched by NASA in 1989, explored Jupiter and its moon Europa which may contain water, making it a target for potential life. Both missions greatly exceeded their intended durations, with Voyager still operating over 40 years later to explore the outer limits of the solar system.

1. Voyager 1 and 2 and the Galileo Space Mission Hey, what’s this? I think we’re supposed to take photos of this planet Voyager 1… OK Voyager 2! Huh?

2. Voyager 1 and 2

3. What years were these missions sent out and by what country? The Twin Spacecraft Voyager 1 and 2 was launched by NASA in the summer of 1977. It was sent from Cape Canaveral, Florida (U.S) They travel to explore Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. They have made a lot of interesting discoveries , including a possible ocean of liquid water on one of Jupiter's moons. The Galileo spacecraft also did the same discovery when it’s exploring Jupiter.

4. What were the cost of preparing and sending these missions? The cost of the Voyager 1 and 2 missions including launch and mission operations is $865 million. NASA budgeted an additional $30 million to fund the Voyager’s Interstellar Mission to explore Uranus and Neptune.

5. What are the Specifications? (size, weight) There’s no specifications, as long as the 10 major device to record planet datas, interstellar device and the fuel/ propelling system is connected to the probe. They are better if they’re lighter, since they could travel faster.

6. What is the purpose of the missions, and were there any major problems during the mission? Where did they go? Include a Timeline. They’re built to last for five years and to explore Jupiter and Saturn. But then, they are able to be stretched to 12 years and to four planets, Uranus Neptune, Saturn, and Jupiter. The voyagers is even still running until now, and in the future, at the 2020’s, they’ll be developed to last for another century! There is almost no problem with the voyagers and they run smoothly and perfectly in all their missions.

7. Note: Times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) for the spacecraft. Distances are given in planetary radii. 1 R J is 1 Jovian radius (71,398 Km), 1 R S is 1 Saturnian radius (60,330 Km), 1 R U is one Uranian radius (25,559 Km), and 1 R N is one Neptunian radius (24,760 Km). http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/voyager-periapse.html Voyager 1 Voyager 2 Distance Date/Time Distance Date/Time Jupiter 4.89 R J March 5, 1979 12:05:26 10.11 R J July 9, 1979 22:29:51 Saturn 3.09 R S Nov. 12, 1980 23:46:30 2.67 R S Aug. 26, 1981 03:24:57 Uranus --- --- 4.19 R U Jan. 24, 1986 17:59:47 Neptune --- --- 1.18 R N Aug. 25, 1989 03:56:36

8. Galileo Space Missions

9. What years were these missions sent out and by what country? It was sent from Cape Canaveral, Florida (U.S) October 18, 1989.

10. What were the cost of preparing and sending these missions? The total cost for the mission including everything required for the probe including utilities, devices, launching, etc. costs about $1.6 billion dollar.

11. What are the Specifications? (size, weight) Like the voyagers, the Galileo does not have any requirements for size and weight, as long as it contains the crucial devices such as the antenna. The probes are tried to be made lighter so that it can travel faster.

12. What is the purpose of the missions, and were there any major problems during the mission? Where did they go? Include a Timeline. The purpose of this mission is to explore the planet Jupiter and its moons. One time, one of Galileo’s most important equipment, the high gain antenna used to communicate to Earth, broke down. Fortunately scientists and engineers found a way to repair it. Galileo is put to Jupiter’s orbit so that it will be destroyed, by the scientists in 2003. The Galileo have traveled and explored Jupiter for 15 years This is caused because of Europa, one of the moons of Jupiter that may contain water in it. Galileo might contaminate the possible inhabitants there if it crashed to the moon.

13. BIBLIOGRAPHY http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/science/planetary.html FACTS http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/ http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/voyager-periapse.html http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/press_kits/gllarpk.pdf http://www. hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solar/galileo.htm l http://www.suekientz.com/galileo/last-intervieww (This one’s funny, check it out ) http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/voyager-periapse.html

14. SEE YO U LATEE EE EE E EEE ER!!!! THE END Thank You for Viewing the Slideshow!!

15. QUIZ! 1. What planet(s) does the Voyagers travel to? 2. What planet(s) does the Galileo travel to? Give a name of one important moon of the planet. 4. How many years have the Galileo been exploring the planet? 6. What country sent the Voyagers? 7. What country sent the Galileo? 5. How many years have the Voyagers been exploring the Universe? 3. Why is the moon so special? 8. In what year will the voyagers be developed again?