The document discusses the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). It provides background on the telescope, including its cost of $4.5-6 billion, specifications like a 2.4 meter primary mirror, and launch aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery in 1990. The HST allows astronomers to make high resolution observations of planets, stars and galaxies in ultraviolet and infrared light not visible from the ground. While it provided sharper images than ground telescopes, the primary mirror was initially ground to the wrong shape, requiring corrective lenses. Over time, the HST has contributed greatly to measuring celestial distances and verifying the expansion of the universe, but is nearing the end of its lifespan and will be replaced by the James Webb Space

1. January. 2009 North Jakarta International School Year 6 Beom, si-weon We start to Explore Hubble Space Telescope (HST) !

2. Contents HOW CAN EXPLORE MICRO/MACRO WORLD? What is the telescope? What kinds of telescope? Why NEED HST? Cost & spec of HST Launching History Mission of hst Pain and curing CONTIBUTION TO HUMAN Good-bye our friend!!!

3. HOW CAN EXPLORE MICRO/MACRO WORLD? Microscopic World Macroscopic World

4. The instrument designed for the observation of remote objects by the collection of electromagnetic radiation . "Telescopes" can refer to a whole range of instruments operating in most regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The first known practically functioning telescopes were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. Source : Wikipedia What is the telescope?

5. Refracting Telescope Reflecting Telescope What kinds of telescope?

6. Why NEED HST? HST’s position outside the Earth's atmosphere allows it to take extremely sharp images with almost no background light. Surface of Earth Interrupted by air Outside of Earth No Air Interruption

7. Cost & spec of HST Developed by NASA & ESA Cost : $4.5– 6.0billion(US), €593million(Europe) Specifications - Primary Mirror : 2.4 m - Length : 13.2 m, Diameter : 4.2 m, Weight : 11,110 kg - Two Solar panels (each) : 2.6 x 7.1 m

8. Launching History October 1986 : Challenger disaster - HST had to be kept in a clean room, powered up and purged with nitrogen, until a launch could be rescheduled. Engineers performed extensive tests, swap out a possible failure-prone battery, and made other improvements. April 1990 : Launching HST by Discovery ▶ HST revolved in the fixed orbit over 610km from the earth surface at the speed of 8km/sec

9. Mission of hst HST allows astronomers to make the very high resolution observations that are essential to open new windows onto planets, stars and galaxies. HST is designed to access the otherwise invisible ultraviolet part of the spectrum, and also has access to areas of the infrared not visible from the ground

10. our friend’s Pain and curing Pain Although the first images appeared to be sharper than ground-based images, the telescope failed to achieve a final sharp focus, and the best image quality obtained was drastically lower than expected. Cause The primary mirror had been ground to the wrong shape. Although it was probably the most precisely figured mirror ever made, with variations from the prescribed curve of no more than 1/65 of the wavelength of visible light, it was too flat at the edges. Curing Two different sets of correctors were implemented to compensate the wrong variations from the prescribed curve of primary mirror.

11. our friend’s CONTIBUTION TO HUMAN Distance Measuring The distance of Cepheid variable stars more accurately measured than ever before Verification of Universe Expansion The measure of the rate at which the universe is expanding Estimation of Earth’s Future While Hubble helped to refine estimates of the age of the universe, it also cast doubt on theories about its future.

12. Good-bye our friend!!! Severe Pain - Most parts of HST are not workable , except for some electronic parts. - As only two of six gyros operated, viewing capacity is somewhat restricted. - Atlantis was launched to install the fresh batteries, gyroscopes, etc on Oct 2008, then was successfully rebooted and is reported to be functioning normally. Future of our friend - Our friend (HST) will replaced into Next Generation Space Telescope (James Webb Space Telescope : JWST) on June 2013.

13. Let’s explore the Universe with OUR DREAM FOR OUR FRIENDS(HST)!!!