This document provides an overview of space exploration and astronomy. It introduces key topics like what space is, who astronomers are and their contributions, a brief history of space exploration highlighting early missions and achievements, current major space agencies, and visions for future exploration. The conclusion reiterates that continued exploration will use the moon as a stepping stone for missions to Mars and other planets.
SPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR MANKINDVishal Pandey
The space age started with the launch of first Russian satellite Sputnik 1 on 4 October 1957.Ever since,the rocket powered launch vehicles carried state of the art scientific equipment to explore moon , the sun , solar system and the cosmos. This resulted in designing and fabricating the instruments having more than 6000000 components with reliability greater than 99.9999%. In 1960s man landed on moon and in 1970s the planetary exploration continued the space march. The comet Halley, which orbits the sun in about 76 years was photographed from a distance of about 500 kms in the year 1986. The success of launch and recovery of Space Shuttle made the space just another location in 1980s. This opened a variety of new vistas of science and technology.
Hi !
I have made this presentation for you so that you know what is space and what is space technology.The one who will download it will be the one who has got 95% knowledge of space and
FOR MORE KNOWLEDGE JUST EMAIL ME ON THIS EMAIL ADDRESS
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(please spread this presentation to all schools and all institute so that the students or people can get to know about space)
NOTE:THIS IS MICROSOFT 2013 PRESENTATION)
I WILL UPLOAD LOWER VERSIONS OF THIS FILE
THANKS (MADE BY IRTAZA ZAFAR AND
HASEEB AHMED FROM THE CITY SCHOOL CHENAB CAMPUS FSD
This PowerPoint is one small part of the Astronomy Topics unit from www.sciencepowerpoint.com. This unit consists of a five part 3000+ slide PowerPoint roadmap, 12 page bundled homework package, modified homework, detailed answer keys, 8 pages of unit notes for students who may require assistance, follow along worksheets, and many review games. The homework and lesson notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow. The answer keys and unit notes are great for support professionals. The activities and discussion questions in the slideshow and meaningful. The PowerPoint includes built-in instructions, visuals, and follow up questions. Also included are critical class notes (color coded red), project ideas, video links, and review games. This unit also includes four PowerPoint review games (110+ slides each with Answers), 38+ video links, lab handouts, activity sheets, rubrics, materials list, templates, guides, and much more. Also included is a 190 slide first day of school PowerPoint presentation. Teaching Duration = 5+ weeks. Areas of Focus in the Astronomy Topics Unit: The Solar System and the Sun, Order of the Planets, Our Sun, Life Cycle of a Star, Size of Stars, Solar Eclipse, Lunar Eclipse, The Inner Planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Moon, Craters, Tides, Phases of the Moon, Mars and Moons, Rocketry, Asteroid Belt, NEOs, The Torino Scale, The Outer Planets and Gas Giants, Jupiter / Moons, Saturn / Moons, Uranus / Moons, Neptune / Moons, Pluto's Demotion, The Kuiper Belt, Oort Cloud, Comets / Other, Beyond the Solar System, Types of Galaxies, Blackholes, Extrasolar Planets, The Big Bang, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, The Special Theory of Relativity, Hubble Space Telescope, Constellations, Spacetime and much more. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thanks again and best wishes. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Project about Pluto for Planetary Geology 2010
I updated some information and pictures on this powerpoint on 10/16/12
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEheh1BH34Q
SPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR MANKINDVishal Pandey
The space age started with the launch of first Russian satellite Sputnik 1 on 4 October 1957.Ever since,the rocket powered launch vehicles carried state of the art scientific equipment to explore moon , the sun , solar system and the cosmos. This resulted in designing and fabricating the instruments having more than 6000000 components with reliability greater than 99.9999%. In 1960s man landed on moon and in 1970s the planetary exploration continued the space march. The comet Halley, which orbits the sun in about 76 years was photographed from a distance of about 500 kms in the year 1986. The success of launch and recovery of Space Shuttle made the space just another location in 1980s. This opened a variety of new vistas of science and technology.
Hi !
I have made this presentation for you so that you know what is space and what is space technology.The one who will download it will be the one who has got 95% knowledge of space and
FOR MORE KNOWLEDGE JUST EMAIL ME ON THIS EMAIL ADDRESS
workplaceid154@gmail.com
Thanks for your downloading
(please spread this presentation to all schools and all institute so that the students or people can get to know about space)
NOTE:THIS IS MICROSOFT 2013 PRESENTATION)
I WILL UPLOAD LOWER VERSIONS OF THIS FILE
THANKS (MADE BY IRTAZA ZAFAR AND
HASEEB AHMED FROM THE CITY SCHOOL CHENAB CAMPUS FSD
This PowerPoint is one small part of the Astronomy Topics unit from www.sciencepowerpoint.com. This unit consists of a five part 3000+ slide PowerPoint roadmap, 12 page bundled homework package, modified homework, detailed answer keys, 8 pages of unit notes for students who may require assistance, follow along worksheets, and many review games. The homework and lesson notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow. The answer keys and unit notes are great for support professionals. The activities and discussion questions in the slideshow and meaningful. The PowerPoint includes built-in instructions, visuals, and follow up questions. Also included are critical class notes (color coded red), project ideas, video links, and review games. This unit also includes four PowerPoint review games (110+ slides each with Answers), 38+ video links, lab handouts, activity sheets, rubrics, materials list, templates, guides, and much more. Also included is a 190 slide first day of school PowerPoint presentation. Teaching Duration = 5+ weeks. Areas of Focus in the Astronomy Topics Unit: The Solar System and the Sun, Order of the Planets, Our Sun, Life Cycle of a Star, Size of Stars, Solar Eclipse, Lunar Eclipse, The Inner Planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Moon, Craters, Tides, Phases of the Moon, Mars and Moons, Rocketry, Asteroid Belt, NEOs, The Torino Scale, The Outer Planets and Gas Giants, Jupiter / Moons, Saturn / Moons, Uranus / Moons, Neptune / Moons, Pluto's Demotion, The Kuiper Belt, Oort Cloud, Comets / Other, Beyond the Solar System, Types of Galaxies, Blackholes, Extrasolar Planets, The Big Bang, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, The Special Theory of Relativity, Hubble Space Telescope, Constellations, Spacetime and much more. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thanks again and best wishes. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Project about Pluto for Planetary Geology 2010
I updated some information and pictures on this powerpoint on 10/16/12
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEheh1BH34Q
The future of NASA and other space progams: what's next?AllaireT
NASA - a short history, current projects, industry privatization and future projects. Discussion question: Is where the industry going a good direction? Would it have been more worthwhile to keep the focus on scientific endeavors versus the commercial direction we are currently headed?
Space Tourism and Sustainable DevelopmentSteven Fawkes
Presentation on Space Tourism and Sustainable Development to British Interplanetary Society Space Tourism conference 29th November 2006. Links the development of low cost access to space to the issues of sustainable development.
Is Space Exploration Worth the Money (in 3d)Rahul Jaiswal
The ppt is actually in 3D so put on your 3D (red and cyan) glasses to watch it properly.
The images may seem to have copyright problem so dont claim it yours.
From an outsider perspective, the golden age of space might look behind us with the Apollo era in the Sixties. Yet, when we listen to some new economy entrepreneurs like R. Branson (Virgin group founder), J. Bezos (Amazon founder) or E. Musk (Paypal, TeslaMotors, Solarcity founder), space is accessible, ready to harvest and the space rush starts today!
Even if the Silicon Valley ecosystem aims for the stars, technical hurdles might prevent all projects to succeed. Therefor, being able to put a satellite in orbit and land the launcher or to reach multiple times the space frontier with a same launcher really are impressive. These newsworthy successes also attract an increasing number of investors: $2.9B between 2000 and 2015 of which $1.8B in 2015 only.
A disruption is on its way powered by deep mutations in the sector making old dreams now plausible like constellation and reusable launchers. In one hand, national space agencies now focus more on their advising roles. In the other hands, it gets easier to access existing resources and infrastructures.
Incumbents reassure their averse-to-risk customers by producing a low number of expensive high-end custom designs with a big emphasis on quality to ensure high lifespans.
Newcomers promise resilience thanks to distributed infrastructures of a higher number of low cost satellites (using off the shelf components). To do so, these pioneers use design to test approaches directly inspired from start-ups. They ‘hack’ technologies from other sectors with a ‘maker’ spirit and collect information from the ground with each generation of their products in a pure MVP mindset. First users of their own products, they make sure that the infrastructure they build is user centric and not technology centric. Doing so, they enable the next generation of space entrepreneurs to build new space applications (a few of which that might look like science fiction).
E. Musk’s project to build a martian colony will be build on these layers. His firm, SpaceX, looks like it is a step ahead the competition with its full logbook, its tremendous technological achievements and its soon-to-be vertical integration in space with a constellation. Nevertheless, there are a few technical hurdles for them to pass like designing a powerful enough rocket or proving its ability to get to Mars and come back.
Our conviction is that, alone, they probably won’t be able to gather the resources to build from scratch a sustainable colony with safe housing, adapted food production and low consuming ressources processes. When we see all the current benefits of the previous space programs, we are convinced that actors who will address these issues will be a step ahead to reap the fruits of the space conquest on their historical markets.
In this slide you can find a brief history,progress and futuristic model of space research.It was used as presentation in central university of Rajasthan in M.Sc B.Ed course.
International space station Presentation by Nilarka PahariNilarkaPahari
A presentation on the ISS/ International Space Station by Nilarka Pahari. Very useful for Competitive examinations, Astronomy Students, etc. Please also watch my video on the same from the link given: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqSM6hmR5lk&t=13s
Pushing Boundaries Celebrating Space Exploration Achievementselizabethella096
Space Exploration accomplishments stand as a testimony to human ambition, inquisitiveness, and willpower. From the initial satellite launched into orbit to the historical Moon touchdown and passed. Our journey into space has been marked by victories, setbacks, and moments of stunning discovery. As we aim to the future, let us remain to push the boundaries of what are possible. Exploring new worlds and opening the mysteries of the cosmos for generations ahead. In doing so, we not only breakthrough scientific knowledge. But also influence future generations to reach for the celebrities and imagine what lies beyond.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
2. Are u Ready for the Space travel
Wear the oxygen Mask and get
a free ride with me...
3. CONTENT:
INTRODUCTION.
WHAT IS SPACE...??
WHO ARE THESE ASTRONOMER..??
SPACE EXPLORATION.
TOWARDS FUTURE......
CONCLUSION.
4. Introduction:
Space exploration is the ongoing discovery
and exploration of celestial structures in
outer space by means of continuously evolving
and growing space technology.
While the study of space is carried out mainly
by astronomers with telescopes, the physical
exploration of space is conducted both by
unmanned robotic probes and
human spaceflight.
5. A study that investigates natural objects in
space such as planets, stars, and others.
The people who always investigates about
space often called as astronomers
one of the oldest branches of science.
Who are Astronomers..??
7. Space Exploration.
The dream of stepping into the outer reaches
of Earth's atmosphere was driven by the
fiction of Jules Verne and H.G.Wells , and
rocket technology was developed to try to
realise this vision.
The German V-2 was the first rocket to travel
into space, overcoming the problems of thrust
and material failure.
8. Space Exploration.
In July 1950 the first Bumper rocket is launched
from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The Bumper was a
two-stage rocket consisting of a Post-War V-2
topped by a WAC Corporal rocket. It could reach
then-record altitudes of almost 400 km.
The first successful orbital launch was of the
Soviet unmanned Sputnik 1 ("Satellite 1") mission
on 4 October 1957.
9. Space Exploration.
The first successful human spaceflight was Vostok1
("East 1"), carrying 27-year-old Russian cosmonaut
Yuri Gagarin on 12 April 1961.
Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman in space, orbited
Earth 48 times aboard Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963.
Luna 10 became the first artificial satellite of the Moon.
The first manned landing on another celestial body was
performed by Apollo 11 on 20 July 1969.
12. Towards Future.......
The exploration of Mars has been an important
part of the space exploration programs
The idea of using high level automated systems
for space missions has become a desirable goal to
space agencies all around the world.
Such systems are believed to yield benefits such
as lower cost, less human oversight, and ability to
explore deeper in space which is usually restricted
by long communications with human controllers.
14. Conclusion:
Many past and current concepts for the
continued exploration and colonization
of space focus on a return to the Moon
as a "stepping stone" to the other
planets, especially Mars.
GET EASE AND TAKE OFF YOUR
OXYGEN MASK..!