Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the world’s sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 212,742,631 people. In area, it is the 33rd-largest country, spanning 881,913 square kilometres.

1. THE GOVERNMENT
SYSTEM OF PAKISTAN

4. NationalAssembly
■ The NationalAssembly of Pakistan is the country's sovereign legislative body
■ It is known as lower house of Federal Parliament.
■ Duration 5 years(under article of 58 of the constitution)
Composition: The NationalAssembly is a democratically elected body consisting of a
total of 342 members of which 272 seats are of directly elected members and 70 reserved
seats for women and religious minorities
■ Members of NationalAssembly are known as MNA(Member of National Assembly)
■ Seats allotted to each province depends on its population

6. Qualifications to be a Member of
National Assembly
■ must be a citizen of Sindh;
■ must be at least twenty-five years of age and must be enrolled as a voter in any
electoral roll in country..
■ must be of good character and not commonly known as one who violates Islamic
injunctions;
■ must have adequate knowledge of Islamic teachings and practices obligatory duties
prescribed by Islam as well as abstains from major sins;
■ must be sagacious, righteous, non-profligate, and honest;
■ must have never been convicted for a crime involving moral turpitude or for giving
false evidence;
■ must have never, after the establishment of Pakistan, worked against the integrity of
the country or opposed the ideology of Pakistan.

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■ Head of NationalAssembly is Speaker(Member of NationalAssembly)
■ The Speaker is assisted by the Deputy Speaker(Member of NationalAssembly)
■ After the general election in the first meeting speaker and deputy speakers will be
selected
■ In the absence of Prime Minister Speaker of NationalAssembly will act as Prime
Minister of Pakistan

8. NationalAssembly Sessions
■ It must meet for at least 130 days and there must be at least three
sessions in a year
■ There shall not be more than one hundred and twenty days intervene
between the last sitting of the Assembly in one session and the date
appointed for its first meeting in the next session
■ A session of the National Assembly is summoned by the President of
Pakistan under Article 54(1) of the Constitution
■ The National Assembly can also be summoned by the Speaker of
National Assembly on a request made by at one-fourth of the total
membership of the National Assembly
■ . If the National Assembly is so requisitioned, it must be summoned
within 14 days.

9. Functions and powers of National
Assembly
• National assembly has the power of controlling the finances of the federation.
• National assembly has also power to control the Executive.The ministers usually chosen from the
members of National assembly
• A money bill can only originate in the NationalAssembly and after it has been passed by it. It is not
required to be transmitted to the Senate, but it is to be presented to the president for his assent.
• Without the permission of NationalAssembly government even can’t allot taxes

10. Senate
■ Senate is the upper legislative of the bicameral legislature of Pakistan, and together
with the NationalAssembly makes up the Parliament of Pakistan.
■ First convened in 1973 and powers established by the Article 59 of the Constitution
of Pakistan
■ Duration 6 years. However, one-half of its members retire every three years
■ Composition 104 members
■ Each province has equivalent seats
■ Each of the four provincial assemblies elect twenty three members from their
respective provinces
■ Other members are elected by the NationalAssembly from the Federal Capital eight
Members are elected from the Federal AdministeredTribal Areas (FATA)

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■ Head of Senate is Chairman
■ Chairman is assisted by the Deputy Chairman.
■ these will be selected in first meeting of Senate
■ In the absence of President chairman of Senate works as President.
■ Purpose: to give equal representation to all the federating units

13. Session Schedule
■ A provisional calendar of sessions for the Parliamentary year is provided on the first
session of each year.This is called the Session Schedule which is prepared by the
government in consultation with the Chairman Senate.The current schedule of
Senate Sessions is given below.

14. Qualification
• Must be citizen of Pakistan
• A person seeking election to the Senate should not be less than thirty years of age
and should be registered as a voter in an area or province from where he seeks
election and should meet other qualifications prescribed under Article 62 of the
Constitution.
• he is of good character
• Adequate knowledge of Islamic teaching and practices obligatory duties prescribed by
Islam
• In the case of non-Muslim he/she possess good ethics and moral values

15. Disqualification for the members of
Parliament
■ He/she will be disqualified:
• unsound mind
• Undischarged insolvent
• Acquires citizenship of foreign
• Holds an office of profit n the service of Pakistan or declared by law her than an office
• He has been or conviction for any offence involving moral turpitude, sentenced to
imprisonment for a term of not less than 2 years

16. LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURE
■ Bill can be originated in either House then , it shall be transmitted to the other House..
■ If the other House passes it without amendment, it shall be presented to the President for
assent.
■ If the Bill, transmitted to the other House, is not passed within ninety days or rejected, it
shall be considered in a joint sitting to be summoned by the President on the request of the
House in which the Bill was originated.
■ If the Bill is presented to the President for assent, he shall assent to the Bill in not later
than ten days. If it is not a Money Bill.
■ President may return the Bill to the Parliament with a message requesting that the Bill be
reconsidered and that an amendment specified in the message be considered
■ Bill is passed again, with or without amendment, by vote of the majority of the members.
■ President shall give his assent within ten days

18. Provincial Assemblies
■ Provincial level legislative body
■ Duration: 5 years
■ Composition:There are 4 ProvincialAssemblies situated in each province
■ Seats are allocated to each Provincial assembly according to their population
■ Members of ProvincialAssemblies are called MPA(Member of ProvincialAssembly)
■ Qualification: A member of the ProvincialAssembly must be at least twenty-five
years of age
■ Must be a citizen of particular province from where he/she seeks for membership

19. Provincial assembly

20. Sessions of Provincial Assembly
 There should be at least three sessions of ProvincialAssembly every year
 Article 109 authorizes the Governor of the Province to summon ProvincialAssembly to
meet
 In addition, the Speaker, on a requisition signed by not less than one-fourth of the
total membership of the ProvincialAssembly, can summon it
 Governor has power to dissolve ProvincialAssembly on the advice of Chief Minister.

21. Executive
■ Role Executive branch have the authority and
responsibility of daily administration of the state of
bureaucracy
■ Head of executive is Prime Minister
■ PM is accountable for selecting a cabinet
■ Cabinet will consist of Ministers and state ministers
■ Strength of cabinet should exceed 11% of total number of
parliament
■ There can be almost 49 associates of cabinet

22. president
■ Head of state
■ Must be Muslim
■ Not less that 45 years of age
■ Qualified to be elected as member of NationalAssembly
■ The president is indirectly elected by the Parliament through the Electoral College (
NationalAssembly, Senate and ProvincialAssemblies) for a five-year term
■ One can be president for more than once but for no more than two consecutive term
■ President shall act on advice of Prime Minister
■ president shall have power to grant pardon, reprieve, and respite and to remit,
suspend or commute any sentence passed by court, tribunal or other authority
• Governors of 4 provinces, chief justice, chief election commissioner, attorney general
and comptroller and auditor general are selected by President.

23. Prime Minister
■ prime Minister is the head of government
■ Elected by Members of NationalAssembly
■ Duration: 5Years
■ Prime Minister serves as the chief adviser to President of Pakistan
■ All the terms and conditions to be a prime minister is same as of president except he
must be 35 years of age
■ Prime Minister has responsibility to appoint Federal Council of Ministers.

24. Composition of Cabinet
Prime Minister
Federal
Cabinet
Minister
Federal
secretary
Deputy
Federal
Secretary
Additional
Deputy
Section Officer

25. Judiciary branch
■ They are responsible to interpret and enforce
the law
■ It is divided into following sections
1. Supreme Court
2. High Court
3. Federal Shariat Court
4. District court
5. Lower Court (Magistrates'Courts)

26. Magistrates' Courts
■ Present in every town and city
■ Magistrates' Courts has the jurisdiction to hear all criminal matters
other than those which carry the death penalty (such as attempted
murder, dacoity, robbery, extortion, etc.)
■ only pass a sentence of up to seven years' imprisonment
■ Appointment: Civil Judge Cum Judicial Magistrates are also appointed
by the Provincial High Courts, on the recommendation of provincial
Public Service Commissions.

27. District or Session Court
■ Exist in the district of each province
■ When hearing criminal cases, it is called the Sessions Court, and when it hears civil
cases, the District Court.
■ The Sessions court is also a trial court for heinous offences such as Murder, Rape,
haraba offences
■ Appointment: Additional District & Sessions Judges are appointed by the Provincial &
federal High Courts
■ Lawyers must have ten years' experience as an advocate with good standing in the
respective jurisdiction.
■ They must also pass an examination conducted by the High Courts

28. High Court
■ There is a High Court in each province .

29. High Court
■ Each High Court consists of a Chief Justice and other puisne judges.
■ The Chief Justice is appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of
Pakistan and other judges, in consultation with the Chief Justice of Pakistan,Governor
of the Province and the Chief Justice of the concerned High Court
■ Qualification: 10 years experience as an advocate of a High Court or 10 years service
as a civil servant including 3 years experience as a District Judge or 10 years experience
in a judicial office.
■ Sindh High court Structure 1 chief Justice 27 Judges
■ Punjab High court 1 chief justice 49 judges
■ . Baluchistan High court Structure 1 chief Justice 8 Judges
■ Khyber Pakhtoon khawa High court Structure 1 chief Justice 49 judges

30. SpecialTribunals and Boards:
■ There are numerous special tribunals such as;
•ServicesTribunals
•IncomeTaxTribunals
•Anti-CorruptionCourts
•Anti-Narcotics Courts
•Anti-terrorist Courts
• Labour Relations Courts
• Board of Revenue
• banking court

31. Federal Shariyat Court
■ If any law is against the laws of Islam.
■ Composition:The Court consists of 8 Muslim Judges
including the Chief Justice.
■ Appointment: Such Judges are appointed by the
President from amongst the serving or retired Judges
of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from
amongst persons possessing the qualifications of a
Judge of the High Court.
■ Of the 8 Judges, 3 are required to be Ulema who are
well versed in Islamic law.
■ The Judges hold office for a period of 3 years and the
President may further extend such period.

32. Supreme Court
■ It is the apex of the judicial systems of Pakistan.
■ Appointment: Chief Justice of Pakistan is
appointed by the President. Other Judges are also
appointed by the President
■ A person is eligible to be appointed as a Judge of
the Supreme Court if he is a citizen of Pakistan and
has been a Judge of a High Court for five years or
an advocate of a High Court for fifteen years
■ The Chief Justice and Judges of the Supreme Court
hold office until the age of sixty-five.

33. Supreme Court Gilgit Baltistan
■ Supreme Court of Pakistan by promulgatingGilgit-Baltistan
■ Established on 8 November 1999.
■ The court started function on 27 September 2005
■ On 9 September 2009, this court was conferred the similar jurisdiction equal to the
Supreme Court of Pakistan by promulgatingGilgit-Baltistan
■ It consist of Chief Justice and other two judges
■ The chief judge and judges are appointed for a period of three years by the prime minister
of Pakistan.