The Senate of Pakistan is the upper house of parliament. It has 104 seats total with members elected to represent each province and territory for six year terms. The Senate ensures equal representation of provinces as membership in the lower National Assembly is based on population. Key roles of the Senate include legislation, oversight of the executive branch, representing provinces, and providing policy guidance. It works alongside the National Assembly to pass laws and check the government.

1. Senate and its
Purpose

2. Senate of Pakistan:
 Senate of Pakistan is also known as the upper
house of Pakistan.
 The elections for senate are conducted after a time
interval of three years for one half of the senate and
each senator is allocated a time period of six years.
 If in any scenario there is no president in Pakistan or
he is unable to perform his duties then chairmen of
the senate perform the duties of a president unless
and until there comes a new president or old one
recovers himself.

3. What is the purpose and role of
senate?
 The main purpose for the creation of the Senate of
Pakistan was to give equal representation to all the
federating units since the membership of the National
Assembly was based on the population of each province.
Equal provincial membership in the Senate.
 The total senatorial seats are 104, having 18 seats for
women. According to the constitution of Pakistan there is
requirement of having at least 17 women senators.
Senate members are elected according to the Article 59,
presented in the constitution of Pakistan.

4. Province/Territory
General
seats
Technocrats
/Ulema
Women Non-Muslim Total
Balochistan 14 4 4 1 23
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 14 4 4 1 23
Sindh 14 4 4 1 23
Punjab 14 4 4 1 23
Tribal Areas (FATA) 8 8
Islamabad Capital Territory 2 1 1 4
Total 66 17 17 4 104

5. Role of Senate:
 The Senate is the second chamber of the
Parliament. It is independent from, and
complements the work of, the National
Assembly.
 The Senate shares the task of making and
shaping laws and checking and challenging the
work of the government.

6. The Senate has FOUR main
Roles:
 Legislation
 Accountability / Oversight of the
Executive
 Representation of Federating units
 Policy Guidance

7. Composition / Structure:
 The Senate is a body which represents the
provinces and other territories of the country and
promotes a feeling of equality, peace and
harmony, which is so essential for the growth
and prosperity of a nation.

8.  PML-N (27)
 PPP (26)
 MQM (8)
 PTI (7)
 ANP (6)
 JUI (5)
 PML-Q (4)
 NP (3)
 PkMAP (3)
 BNP-A (2)
 BNP (1)
 JI (1)
 PML-F (1)
 Independents (10)

9. The Relationship between the
Houses:
 If both the houses passes the bill and it is entertain
by the president’s acquiesce it cannot become a law
unless it is the case of a money bill which is the only
right of the National assembly.
 Through revision, the role of a negotiation team,
composed of eight members of each House, has
been initiated to progress consent on Bills, in case
there is a deviation between the two houses.

10. Cabinet:
 The constitution of Pakistan offers that there shall be a
Cabinet which should be headed by the PM and that is
jointly liable to the National assembly.
 The PM is elected from the members of the National
assembly. The ministers of the state and the federal
ministers are chosen from the members of the
parliament.
 Those federal and ministers of the state who are also the
member of the senate must not exceed one fourth of the
numbers of federal ministers.