Governance challenges limiting forest restoration initiatives: review of lessons from existing initiatives
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The document summarizes a study on governance challenges limiting forest restoration initiatives. It finds that key challenges include a lack of inclusive land-use planning, unclear resource and tenure rights, and limited coordination across sectors and governance levels. However, existing initiatives like FLEGT, REDD+, and zero-deforestation programs provide opportunities to address some of these challenges. They have mechanisms for stakeholder participation and land-use planning that could support restoration efforts. The document concludes that restoration outcomes depend on governance, and learning from other initiatives can help strengthen restoration project design and implementation.
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Governance challenges limiting forest restoration initiatives: review of lessons from existing initiatives
- 1. Governance challenges limiting forest restoration initiatives: review of lessons from existing initiatives 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT Work led by Yitagesu Tekle Tegegne Presented by Georg Winkel Luxembourg, 30th November 2019
- 2. Current growing momentum for restoration • Worldwide, >2 billion hectares of land are degraded and offer opportunities for restoration (WRI 2014) • Global, regional and national communities have made strong restoration commitments by embracing ambitious targets 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT Stepping up EU’s Action to Protect and restore the World’s forest
- 3. The study • Commissioned by EFI’s EU REDD Facility; question: What role for governance in restoration initiatives? • Review of journal articles, unpublished studies, project documents, FLEGT, REDD+ and zero deforestation initiatives in tropical countries • Focus group discussions and expert interviews in EU & tropical countries 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT
- 4. What we found: challenges and opportunities 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT
- 5. Governance challenges limiting restoration initiatives In forest restoration key governance challenges relate to • Lack of inclusive land-use planning • Unclear resource and tenure rights • Lack of clarity in legal frameworks and definitions • Limited coordination and cooperation within and across land-use sectors and levels of governance • Limited stakeholder information and participation • Inadequate investment and incentives 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT
- 6. Yet … • Much attention to date has been given to technical and ecological aspects of restoration, but if restoration has to happen at landscape level, governance and institutional factors are essential (Mansourian 2017) 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT Source: FAO
- 7. FLEGT, REDD+ and zero deforestation initiatives provide opportunities • These initiatives are already working on some of the governance challenges preventing the success of forest restoration through: • participatory land-use planning, • Tenure and legal reform • increased transparency 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT
- 8. 4.12.2019 | W 4.12.2019 | W Building open dialogue Structures and mechanisms for dialogue between government and other stakeholders Already implemented in 8 Countries 7 Countries on their way Broad range of stakeholders Honduras Indigenous Peoples Guyana Amerindians Cote d’Ivoire Traditional chiefs Liberia Forest communities • FLEGT processes established structures and mechanisms for effective participation • Countries could build on this mechanisms to carry out inclusive land use planning, define key terms and agree on reforms for restoration EXAMPLE 1: Inclusive land use planning is essential to successful restoration Source: EU EFI FLEGT Facility
- 9. EXAMPLE 2: Creatingincentives for restoration through markets and trade 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT An innovative partnership between cocoa producers and a chocolate manufacturer provides incentives for restoration in Cote d’Ivoire Small holder cocoa farmers able to choose between several tree species Tree nursery managed by locals Source: EU EFI REDD Facility
- 10. Take home messages • The fate of forest restoration outcomes is associated with forest and land- use governance challenges. • FLEGT, REDD+ and zero-deforestation supply chain initiatives could provide opportunities to address some of the challenges preventing the success of restoration initiatives. • The implementation of restoration initiatives can be improved by learning from as well as utilizing and leveraging these initiatives. 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT
- 11. 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT Available at: http://www.euredd.efi.int/publications/resto ring-deforested-or-degraded-land-in-the- tropics
- 12. Thank you! 4.12.2019 | WWW.EFI.INT
Editor's Notes
- This presentation is based on a research-practice collaborative work at EFI. The study aims to identify governance and institutional challenges hindering the implementation of restoration initiatives Elicit lessons from FLEGT, REDD+ and zero deforestation supply chain initiatives to overcome some of the challenges facing restoration stakeholders
- Regional restoration initiatives include> African Forest Landscape Restoration Initiative (AFR100) Initiative 20x20⁸ in Latin America. Asia-Pacific region, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation adopted the ambitious goal of increasing forest cover by at least 20 million hectares by 2020 WRI source: https://www.wri.org/resources/maps/atlas-forest-and-landscape-restoration-opportunities
- Main questions: what are the main governance and institutional challenges undermine the successful implementation of restoration initiatives? Methodologically, it was a research-practice review with the following steps Co-design meeting between researcher and REDD experts to jointly define research objectives, hypothesis as well as identify sources of info; list of organizations and experts for interviews/data source Systematic review of journal articles (e.g. governance, FLEGT, REDD), unpublished studies, project documents (using PRISMA methods) Expert interviews Focus group discussion with the facility colleagues to jointly interpret the generated findings and conclusion the findings This document has been produced with the assistance of the European Union and the Governments of Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
- Although restoration commitments are on the rise, national and local stakeholders are struggling with several challenges to effectively implement restoration initiatives. At the centre of the challenges are land-use governance and institutional factors.
- Side note: why governance is so important for restoration Root causes of forest degradation -> often governance failures. Scaling up – more actors = further complexity in governance matters. Tenure and rights – In landscapes , often a range of tenure and rights systems (or even unclear tenure) Competing land use – Allocating land for forest restoration signifies that land can’t be used for other purposes (e.g. food production or mining) -> unclear or poor governance exacerbates conflicts. New value is generated - by returning trees and forests to the landscape -> potential for powerful actors taking over Sets the context for sustainable restoration Supports different actors to have a voice in decisions related to restoration Provides “rules of the game” within a landscape to support FLR Aims to bring interested parties together Helps to understand influences on the FLR process
- Some selected lessons from FLEGT, REDD+, and zero-deforestation supply chain initiatives that could contributing addressing some of the key challenges facing restoration initiatives. Independent monitoring law enforcement and governance could support the implementation of restoration initiatives by assessing: existing provisions in the legal frameworks; commitments made by governments under the Bonn Challenge or by private companies; and whether these legal requirements and commitments are enforced or what is hindering implementation on the ground. In the following slides, I have given 2 concrete examples how FLEGT and zero deforestation initiatives could overcome/contribute to lack of inclusive landuse planning and incentives for restoration
- Multistakeholder approaches to land-use planning can help reconcile stakeholders’ diverging interests, overcome governance challenges, and consider local communities’ access and use rights. FLEGT processes have increased stakeholder engagement. They have also led to the establishment of structures and mechanisms for effective participation. Countries could build on this multistakeholder experience to carry out inclusive land-use planning. Such planning would facilitate the identification of areas suitable for restoration and the implementation of restoration activities in the interest of relevant stakeholders, including local communities.
- This slides is based on REDD Facility work on zero deforestation initiatives in Cote d’Ivoire In Cote d’Ivoire, cocoa production is encroaching the remaining forests. Agroforestry development allows for zero-deforestation cocoa production while involving smallholder cocoa producers who implement more productive and sustainable practices. Meanwhile, a chocolate manufacturer supports the cost of establishing commodity-based agroforestry in pilot sites. This, in turn, enables the manufacturer to source zero deforestation cocoa from these pilot sites. For more info: http://www.euredd.efi.int/publications/deforestation-free-supply-chains-a-pes-pilot-project-in-cote-d-ivoire