Project Loon is an experimental project by Google X that aims to provide internet connectivity to rural and remote areas using high-altitude balloons. The balloons float in the stratosphere approximately twice as high as commercial airplanes and work together to beam an internet signal to the ground. Solar panels power the transmitters on the balloons which can stay aloft for over 100 days. The technology has potential to bring internet access to parts of the world that lack infrastructure and in disaster situations. Google is currently testing Project Loon in limited areas.
This presentation provides the information about the project loon. Project Loon is a research and development project being developed by Google X. Project Loon is a network of balloons traveling on the edge of space, designed to connect people in rural and remote areas.
I believe reliable and new ways of innovative idea like Project Loon is necessary for Internet of Things as well as internet access to each part of the world.
Project Loon is a research and development project being developed by Brent Corley (formerly Google X) with the mission of providing Internet access to rural and remote areas. ... Users of the service connect to the balloon network using a special Internet antenna attached to their building.
This presentation provides the information about the project loon. Project Loon is a research and development project being developed by Google X. Project Loon is a network of balloons traveling on the edge of space, designed to connect people in rural and remote areas.
I believe reliable and new ways of innovative idea like Project Loon is necessary for Internet of Things as well as internet access to each part of the world.
Project Loon is a research and development project being developed by Brent Corley (formerly Google X) with the mission of providing Internet access to rural and remote areas. ... Users of the service connect to the balloon network using a special Internet antenna attached to their building.
Project Loon is a network of balloons traveling on the edge of space, designed to connect people in rural and remote areas. The balloon is also considerably used to gather weather information such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and wind speed.
Project Loon is a research and development project being developed by Google
Project loon is a network of balloon Travelling on edge of space , designed to connect with the people In Rural and Remote areas.
Flying Hope: Balloon bring Internet to everywhere
Project loon is a research and development project being enveloped by Google. It is a network of balloons travelling on the edge of space, designed to provide ubiquitous Internet connectivity. The balloons float in the stratosphere, twice as high as airplanes and the weather. They are carried around the Earth by winds and they can be steered by rising or descending to an altitude with winds moving in the desired direction. People connect to the balloon network using a special Internet antenna attached to their building.
Project Loon is a research and development project being developed by Brent Corley (formerly Google X) with the mission of providing Internet access to rural and remote areas. ... Users of the service connect to the balloon network using a special Internet antenna attached to their building.
Project Loon is a network of balloons traveling on the edge of space, designed to connect people in rural and remote areas. The balloon is also considerably used to gather weather information such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and wind speed.
Project Loon is a research and development project being developed by Google
Project loon is a network of balloon Travelling on edge of space , designed to connect with the people In Rural and Remote areas.
Flying Hope: Balloon bring Internet to everywhere
Project loon is a research and development project being enveloped by Google. It is a network of balloons travelling on the edge of space, designed to provide ubiquitous Internet connectivity. The balloons float in the stratosphere, twice as high as airplanes and the weather. They are carried around the Earth by winds and they can be steered by rising or descending to an altitude with winds moving in the desired direction. People connect to the balloon network using a special Internet antenna attached to their building.
Project Loon is a research and development project being developed by Brent Corley (formerly Google X) with the mission of providing Internet access to rural and remote areas. ... Users of the service connect to the balloon network using a special Internet antenna attached to their building.
a Presentation on Google's Project Loon. Describing how the operation is going to be..
With Beautiful animations (supported in MS-office 2016)
created by #Muralid25
Project Loon: Balloons designed to extend connectivity Billions of people around the world are still without internet access. Loon is a network of balloons traveling on the edge of space, delivering connectivity to people in unserved and underserved communities around the world.
This PPT will help to understand how learning happens in brain. How you can adjust your skill acquisition in the right way so that maximum output is obtained.
Baabtra.com has a solution to provide programming for kids in school. This is based on the CBSE curriculum of India. The main subjects covered are Mathematics and Physics.
99LMS is a mobile based comprehensive enterprise learning environment in which learning processes of a company can be managed and integrated. It ensures employees have the right skills by enabling course content management, providing classroom training and e-learning. Through the APIs, you can develop your resources before they join your company.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniquesambekarshweta25
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniques
Authors:
-Devkinandan Jagtap
-Shweta Ambekar
-Harshit Singh
-Nakul Sharma (Assistant Professor)
Institution:
VIIT Pune, India
Abstract:
This paper proposes a system to differentiate between human-generated and AI-generated texts using stylometric analysis. The system analyzes text files and classifies writing styles by employing various clustering algorithms, such as k-means, k-means++, hierarchical, and DBSCAN. The effectiveness of these algorithms is measured using silhouette scores. The system successfully identifies distinct writing styles within documents, demonstrating its potential for plagiarism detection.
Introduction:
Stylometry, the study of linguistic and structural features in texts, is used for tasks like plagiarism detection, genre separation, and author verification. This paper leverages stylometric analysis to identify different writing styles and improve plagiarism detection methods.
Methodology:
The system includes data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, dimensional reduction, machine learning models for clustering, and performance comparison using silhouette scores. Feature extraction focuses on lexical features, vocabulary richness, and readability scores. The study uses a small dataset of texts from various authors and employs algorithms like k-means, k-means++, hierarchical clustering, and DBSCAN for clustering.
Results:
Experiments show that the system effectively identifies writing styles, with silhouette scores indicating reasonable to strong clustering when k=2. As the number of clusters increases, the silhouette scores decrease, indicating a drop in accuracy. K-means and k-means++ perform similarly, while hierarchical clustering is less optimized.
Conclusion and Future Work:
The system works well for distinguishing writing styles with two clusters but becomes less accurate as the number of clusters increases. Future research could focus on adding more parameters and optimizing the methodology to improve accuracy with higher cluster values. This system can enhance existing plagiarism detection tools, especially in academic settings.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
3. ● Many of us think of the Internet as a global community.
● But two-thirds of the world’s population does not yet have
Internet access.
● Google’s experimental department, Google X,has recently
sought to address the issue of internet connectivity in
geographically remote or isolated areas.
Google loon…..
4. ● Project Loon is a network of
balloons traveling on the edge
of space, designed to connect
people in rural and remote areas,
help fill coverage gaps, and
bring people back online after
disasters.
GOOGLE LOON
5. ● The testing is done at New Zealand that will beam
internet to a small group of pilot testers and be used to
refine the technology.
● The most common type of high altitude balloons are
weather balloons. Other purposes include use as a
platform for experiments in the upper atmosphere.
Modern balloons generally contain electronic
equipment such as radio transmitters, cameras, or
CONTD……….
6.
7.
8. AIM:
● Project Loon aims to bring the globe online with a
ring of floating balloons.
9.
10. ● Project Loon is a network of balloons travelling on the edge of space, designed to
connect people in rural and remote areas
● The group of balloons will drift through the stratosphere- which is about twice as
high as commercial planes to fly.
● This is to deliver 3G service to the grid areas
● It is a global network of high altitude balloons.
What is Google’s project LOON???
11. ● The balloons ascend like weather balloons until they reach the stratosphere,
where they drift above 18 km (60,000 ft), safely above the altitude used for
aviation.
● Loon balloons are super pressure ballons , which enable them to stay aloft for
100+ days at a time.
● Loon balloons are different from weather balloons, which last within hours.
● Loon balloons are also unique in that they are steerable and entirely solar
powered.
CONTD……….
12.
13. ● The technology designed in the project could allow
countries to avoid using expensive fiber cable that would
have to be installed underground to allow users to connect
to the Internet.
● Google feels this will greatly increase Internet usage in
developing countries in regions such as Africa and
Southeast Asia that can't afford to lay underground fiber
cable.
what technology is used???
14. ● The high-altitude balloons fly around the world on the
prevailing winds (mostly in a direction parallel with lines of
latitude, i.e. east or west).
● Solar panels about the size of a card table that are just
below the free-flying balloons generate enough electricity
in four hours to power the transmitter for a day and beam
down the Internet signal to ground stations.
CONTD……..
15. ● Ground stations are spaced about 100 km (62 mi) apart and
bounce the signal to other relay balloons that send the
signal back down.
● This makes Internet access available to anyone in the world
who has a receiver and is within range to a balloon.
● Currently, the balloons communicate using 2.4 and 5.8
GHz ISM bands, and Google claims that the setup allows it
to deliver "speeds comparable to 3G" to users.
CONTD……..
16. Charles Nimmo ,the pilot tester from New Zealand , is the
witness to prove that loon provide fast internet.
19. ● Each balloon can provide connectivity to a ground area about 40 km in
diameter using a wireless communications technology called LTE.
● @.To use LTE, Project Loon partners with telecommunications companies to
share cellular spectrum so that people will be able to access the Internet
everywhere directly from their phones and other LTE-enabled devices.
● Balloons relay wireless traffic from cell phones and other devices back to the
global Internet using high-speed links.
HOW GOOGLE LOON WORK???
20. ● Each balloon is networked to one another with a radio transceiver as in a
mesh designed to ensure signal reliability.
● A second transceiver keeps the balloon in contact with a network station on
the ground and beams an internet signal to specialized antennas that can be
placed on homes, much like a very small satellite TV receiver.
Special antennas
CONTD…...
23. ● Project Loon is a super pressure balloon filled with helium gas which is lighter
than air. The volume of the balloon is kept constant; this allows the balloons to
keep stable altitude for long periods.
● According to the principle of Archimedes, “the upwards force on the balloon is
equal to the weight of the displaced gas.”
● At a particular altitude the balloon will be stable in a finite equilibrium for long
periods.
How the Loons(Balloons) are moving???
24. ● Project Loon balloons travel around 20 km above the
Earth’s surface in the stratosphere.
● Winds in the stratosphere are generally steady and slow-
moving.
● Project Loon uses software algorithms to determine where
its balloons need to go then moves each one into a layer
of wind blowing in the right direction.
CONTD…...
27. ● Super pressure balloon is scaled, pressurized, non extensible cell that floats at
a level of constant air density.
● The super pressure Ap, is defined as the difference between gas pressure and
ambient pressure.
● When a super pressure balloon of fully –inflated volume, V, has been designed
to carry a gross load, G, (payload +balloon weight) to the altitude when the air
density is Pa, the weight of the displaced air at floating altitude is:
● V pa= G+ Vpg
What is the theory of Super Pressure
Balloons???
28. ● If the balloon is effectively sealed, the mass of lifting gas does not
change even gas temperature changes.
● the balloon remains at the altitude where air density as long as the
volume remains constant.
● If the system is incapable of maintaining constant density altitude,its
gross load decreases each time that blasting occurs.
CONTD…..
29.
30. ● Each balloon can provide connectivity to a ground area about 40 km in
diameter at speeds comparable to 3G.
● For balloon-to-balloon and balloon-to-ground communications, the
balloons use antennas equipped with specialized radio frequency
technology.
● Project Loon currently uses ISM bands (specifically 2.4 and 5.8 GHz
bands) that are available for anyone to use.
How project Loon connects???
31.
32.
33. ● The balloon envelopes used in the project are made by
Raven Aerostar , and are composed of polyethylene
plastic about 0.076 mm (0.0030 in) thick.
● The balloons are super pressure balloons filled with
helium, and stand 15 m (49 ft) across and 12 m (39 ft) tall
when fully inflated.
What equipments are used???
34.
35. ● A small box weighing 10 kg (22 lb) containing each balloon's
electronic equipment hangs underneath the inflated envelope.
● This box contains circuit boards that control the system, radio
antennae to communicate with other balloons and with Internet
antennae on the ground, and batteries to store solar power.
● Each balloon’s electronics are powered by an array of solar panels
that sit between the envelope and the hardware.
CONTD………...
38. ● A parachute attached to the top of the envelope allows for a controlled
descent and landing when a balloon is ready to be taken out of service.
● In the case of an unexpected failure, the parachute deploys automatically.
● The ground stations are able to connect to the balloons beaming down the
Internet when the balloons are in a 20 km radius.
CONTD…………...
39.
40.
41. ● Low cost
● Vibration free
● Highly reliable
● Quick response times
● Ultra long duration flights
● Near unlimited launch sites
● Fully recoverable payloads
What are the potential benefits???
42.
43. *The program is still in the pilot phase right now and although there is a lot
of excitement in the public about the program.
* Google has only deployed a few devices in one location. There are
currently plans to expand the pilot to encircle the globe at the 40 degrees
south latitude.
*Google has operated the Loons in New Zealand, Australia, Chile, and
Argentina.
Future developments??
44. *India is one country that has already taken note of Google’s new program
and is looking towards what it could mean for their country.
*Out of total population only 12.58% of those people have access to the
internet.
*India sees this as a potential way to avoid the huge costs associated with
an infrastructure that can support high speed internet and provide
connectivity, the connectivity their people need to grow in today’s world.
CONTD….
45. Project Possibilities
*Scientific Data Collection
*Remote Communication
*GPS Augmentation
*Intelligence Gathering
*Satellite Communication
*Incremental Testing
*Research And Development of Sensors
CONTD……….
46.
47. *the NSA having direct access to information maintained by Google
(Owens, 2013).
*Although Google has denied the charges, many potential users will view
this as a serious privacy and security risk when associating with any
Google products.
*Google has not specified what if any type of encryption will be used on the
wireless connection.
Security Issues??
48.
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