it is the presentation on the topic google baloon

1. GOOGLE BALOON(LOON)
PRESENTED BY:- MUNIKET SINGH
ENROLLMENT NO.:- 17CSA2BC013
BATCH:- BCA 5TH Sem
SEMINAR
ON
PRESENTED TO:-
Mr.DUSHYANT SINGH

2. CONTENTS
 WHAT IS GOOGLE AND X?
 WHAT IS GOOGLE BALLOON?
 WHY LOON?
 WHO GOT THE IDEA OF LOON
PROJECT?
 THE LOON BALLOON DESIGN
 EXPANDING INTERNET COVERAGE
DESIGN
 BUILDING A BALLOON THAT LASTS
 WHERE ARE THE LOONS LOCATED IN
THE ATMOSPHERE ?
 LAUNCHING THE BALLOONS
 DELIVERING CONNECTIVITY
 LANDING AND RECOVERY
 POST FLIGHT ANALYSIS
 JOURNEY OF PROJECT LOON
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

3. WHAT IS GOOGLE AND X?
Google LLC is an American multinational technology
company that specializes in Internet-related services and
products, which include online advertising
technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software,
and hardware. It is considered one of the Big
Four technology companies,
alongside Amazon, Apple and Facebook. Google was
founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while
they were Ph.D. students at Stanford
University in California.
X Development (formerly Google X) is an American
semi-secret research and development facility and
organization founded by Google in January 2010, which
now operates as a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc. On October
2, 2015, after the complete restructuring of Google into
Alphabet, Google X became an independent Alphabet
company and was renamed to X.
 X's mission is to invent and launch "moonshot"
technologies that aim to make the world a radically better
place. A moonshot is defined by X as the intersection of a
big problem, a radical solution, and breakthrough
technology.

4. WHAT IS GOOGLE BALLOON?
Group of Google balloon is
known as loon. Loon is a network
of balloons traveling on the edge of
space, delivering connectivity to
people in unserved and underserved
communities around the world.
Delivering connectivity from
balloons flying 20 km up in the
stratosphere poses a unique set of
engineering challenges.
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5. WHY
LOON?
The Internet has transformed the way
the world communicates, does
business, learns, governs, and
exchanges ideas, but not everyone can
harness the benefits and advantages it
provides. Right now, billions of people
across the globe still do not have
Internet access. They are completely
left out of a digital revolution that could
improve their finances, education, and
health.
A cell tower’s coverage area is
limited by the height of its antennas. By
lifting these antennas up into the
stratosphere, we can deliver
connectivity over a much larger area.

6. WHO GOT THE IDEA OF LOON PROJECT?
It was named Project Loon, since even Google
itself found the idea of providing Internet
access to the remaining 5 billion population
unprecedented and "loony". It may also be a
reference to the balloons used. Loon began as a
research and development project
by X (formerly Google X), but was spun out
into a separate company in July 2018.
Key people involved in the project include
Richard DeVaul, chief technical architect, who
is also an expert on wearable technology; Mike
Cassidy, a project leader; and Cyrus
Behroozi, a networking and
telecommunication lead.
Richard DeVaul
Mike Cassidy
Cyrus Behroozi

7. THE LOON BALLOON DESIGN
ROUGH
CONDITIONS
While in the
stratosphere, balloons
can encounter 150°C
temperature swings,
with temperatures
reaching as low as -
90°C.
SCALE
Each tennis court-
sized, polyethylene
balloon is built to
survive for more
than 100 days in the
stratosphere’s harsh
conditions.
ALTITUDE
CONTROL
Changing the airflow
into a smaller inner
balloon — the ballonet
— causes the balloon
to change altitude.

8. EXPANDING INTERNET COVERAGE DESIGN
SOLAR PANELS
Solar panels power the
equipment during the day
and charge an onboard
battery for nighttime
operation.
FLIGHT CAPSULE
Contains the brains of the
system for command and
control of the balloon.
PARACHUTE
An onboard parachute
allows for a controlled
descent and landing
TRANSCEIVERS
A high-speed Internet signal is transmitted up to the
nearest balloon from our telecommunications partner
on the ground. This signal is then relayed across the
balloon network and sent back down to users who can
access the Internet with their phones and other LTE-
enabled devices.

9. BUILDING A BALLOON THAT LASTS
The Loon team needed to design a balloon
that could last for 100+ days in the
stratosphere in order to deliver consistent
connectivity. But, how do you test and
design something that spends so much
time in harsh conditions 20 kilometers in
the air?
To see the stratospheric effect on the
balloons, the team brings the stratosphere
down to earth by testing the balloons in a
giant hanger that simulates sub-zero
temperatures, high-speed winds, rains, and
snow. The team also closely inspects each
balloon with everything from mass
spectrometers to soap bubbles in order to
find the smallest leaks.Testing of google balloon
Making of google balloon

10. WHERE ARE THE LOONS LOCATED IN THE ATMOSPHERE ?
Loon deploys its high-altitude balloon
network into the stratosphere, between
altitudes of 18km and 25km. The company
states that the particular altitude and layer
of the stratosphere is advantageous for the
balloons because of its low wind speeds,
which are usually recorded between 5mph
to 20mph (10km/h to 30 km/h).
Loon claims it can control the latitudinal
and longitudinal position of its high-
altitude balloons by changing their
altitude. They do this by adjusting the
volume and density of internal gas (which
is composed of either helium, hydrogen or
another lighter-than-air-compound)
Different layers of atmosphere

11. The balloon envelopes used in the project are
composed of polyethylene plastic about 0.076 mm
(0.0030 inches) thick. The balloons are super pressure
balloons filled with helium, standing 15 m (49 ft)
across and 12 m (39 ft) tall when fully inflated. When
taken out of service, the balloon is guided to an easily
reached location, and the helium is vented into the
atmosphere.
LAUNCHING THE BALLOONS
Launching balloons that have never existed before posed a problem
for the team: how do you get a lot of these balloons in the air quickly?
To safely and reliably get the balloons up and operational, the team
designed and custom-built Auto launchers — large cranes capable of
filling and launching a balloon every 30 minutes into the stratosphere,
above airplanes, birds, and the weather.
A Fully filled google balloon

12. DELIVERING
CONNECTIVITY
Loon’s greater coverage
area enables mobile
network operators to
expand their coverage
where it is needed. Loon
transmits an operator’s
signal from connection
points on the ground,
beams it across multiple
balloons in the
stratosphere, and then
sends that signal back to a
user’s LTE device

13. LANDING AND
RECOVERY
When a balloon is ready
to be taken out of service,
the lift gas keeping the
balloon aloft is released and
the parachute automatically
deploys to control the
landing. Descents are
coordinated with local air
traffic control to land the
balloon safely in a sparsely
populated area. Ground
recovery teams then collect
the equipment for reuse
and recycling.

14. POST FLIGHT
ANALYSIS
Once recovered,
balloons are laid out on
a giant scanner in the
Loon lab to be inspected
for microscopic holes
and tears. This process
paints a picture of how
our balloons react to
conditions in the
stratosphere. Conducting
this analysis provides
insights to inform our
design choices, enabling
the team to develop
balloons capable of
increasingly longer
flight durations.

15. JOURNEY OF LOON
From the early days of testing weather balloons, to designing and
building custom launch equipment, to providing connectivity to
people after natural disasters, Loon has been committed to tackling
the challenge of extending Internet access to unconnected
communities worldwide.
2011
TESTING AN IDEA
Earliest tests start back in 2011, using a
weather balloon and basic, off-the-shelf
radio parts – the first prototype. The
next two years are a process of rapid
iteration to prove that balloon-powered
internet might just work.

17. 2013
500,000 KILOMETERS TRAVELED
One of the balloons completes a lap around the world in 22
days, and clocks the project’s 500,000th kilometer as it
begins its second lap. These learnings lead to major
improvements in wind prediction models, balloon trajectory,
forecast, and navigation.

18. 2013
FIRST WIFI CONNECTION
The balloons use patch antennas – which are directional
antennas – to transmit signals to ground stations or LTE
users. Some smartphones with Google SIM cards can use
Google Internet services
On June 16, 2013, Google began a pilot experiment in New
Zealand where about 30 balloons were launched in
coordination with the Civil Aviation Authority from
the Tekapo area in the South Island.
A sheep farmer Charles Nimmo in Canterbury, New
Zealand is the first person to connect to balloon-powered
internet through an internet antenna attached to the roof of his
home. Project Loon is revealed to the public, which helps to
explain some UFO sightings that were reported after testing
around the world.

19. 2014
A local school in Agua Fria, in the rural outskirts of
Campo Maior, Brazil is connected to the internet for
the first time, through a balloon launched nearby. This
marks Project Loon’s first successful LTE connection.
FIRST LTE CONNECTION

20. Loon balloons log a significant milestone
of traveling 3 million kilometers through
the stratosphere, a distance that would get
you to the moon and back nearly 4 times.
Millions of kilometers of test flights help
us to more accurately predict wind patterns
at different altitudes, giving us the best
chance to keep our balloons where we
need them.
2014
3 MILLION KILOMETERS TRAVELED

21. The team develops a highly customized launch
system that can fill, lift, and launch our tennis-
court sized balloons in under 30 minutes.
2015
AUTOLAUNCHER SCALES OPERATIONS

22. Working together with Telefonica and the Peruvian Government,
Project Loon delivers basic connectivity to tens of thousands of
people in flood affected areas across the country. At 20 km up in the
stratosphere, Loon balloons can provide connectivity where it’s
needed, regardless of what’s happening below.
2017
EMERGENCY CONNECTIVITY IN PERU
Collaborating with the Federal Communications Commission,
the Federal Aviation Authority, FEMA, AT&T, T-Mobile, and
many others, Project Loon provides basic connectivity to
200,000 people in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria. Project
Loon launches balloons from Nevada, using machine learning
algorithms to direct them over Puerto Rico.
HELPING USERS IN PUERTO RICO

23. Project Loon graduates from X to fulfill our
mission to connect people everywhere by
inventing and integrating audacious
technologies.
2018
LOON CONTINUES ITS JOURNEY

24. LATEST
UPDATES
(2019)
On April 26, 2019, they formed a
partnership with (and received funding
from) Softbank.
On July 10, 2019, they broke their
own world record longest stratospheric
balloon flight at 233 days. The previous
record was at 198 days.
On July 23, 2019, Loon announced
they had reached 1 million hours of
stratospheric flight between their balloon
fleet.
As part of its first commercial
agreement with Telkom Kenya, Loon has
pledged to bring internet access to some
of Kenya's most inaccessible regions, to
be live in 2019.

25. CONCLUSION
Project Loon is a radical approach to
expanding Internet connectivity. Instead of
trying to extend the Internet from the
ground, Loon takes to the sky via a network
of balloons, traveling along the edge of
space, to expand Internet connectivity to
rural areas, fill coverage gaps, and improve
network resilience in the event of a disaster.
Project loon is providing internet
connectivity to the millions of peoples
around the world that are not connected to
the internet.The loon works in the
stratosphere, so it is not effected by the
weather and provide internet connectivity
to the place it is required.
Project loon is mostly suitable for the
rural areas because in the rural areas the
users are few so the balloons can work
properly, for urban areas google balloon are
not a good choice because that areas will
require more balloons for the connectivity.

26. REFERENCES
WWW.Google.com
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loon_LLC
https://loon.com/
https://loon.com/technology/
https://loon.com/journey/
https://x.company/projects/loon/
http://ranjaykrishna.com/blog/project-loon

27. ANY
QUERY?