Golden rice technology
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Golden rice is a genetically engineered rice variety developed to address vitamin A deficiency. It contains beta-carotene, which the body converts to vitamin A. It was created by introducing two genes - one for phytoene synthase from daffodils and one for lycopene cyclase from soil bacteria. These genes allow golden rice to produce beta-carotene in the endosperm. Golden rice breeding programs are working to introduce it into popular rice varieties in countries with widespread malnutrition. The goal is to help reduce symptoms of vitamin A deficiency like blindness and increased disease susceptibility. While golden rice could help address malnutrition issues more sustainably than supplements, some disadvantages include potential allergies, reduced biodiversity, and
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Golden Rice
Golden rice is a variety of rice (Oryza sativa) produced through genetic engineering to biosynthesize beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, in the edible parts of rice.It is intended to produce a fortified food to be grown and consumed in areas with a shortage of dietary vitamin A, a deficiency which each year is estimated to kill 670,000 children under the age of 5 and cause an additional 500,000 cases of irreversible childhood blindness. Rice is a staple food crop for over half of the world's population, providing 30–72% of the energy intake for people in Asian countries, and becoming an effective crop for targeting vitamin deficiencies.
GOLDEN RICE; The genetically modified crop in India
GOLDEN RICE, the genetically modified crop of Oryza sativa. Major role in the protection from vitamin A deficiency and malnutrition.
Golden rice
This will be helpful to understand the importance of golden rice to allivate vitamin A deficiency and also to learn the basic technique of Golden Rice Development
Golden rice
Production of "GOLDEN RICE", a genetically modified (GM) crop improvement programme, its history, methodology and drawbacks.
Golden rice
Golden Rice is genetically modified rice that contains three introduced genes capable of beta-carotene synthesis, giving the rice kernels a golden yellow color. It was developed to combat vitamin A deficiency, a major cause of blindness and death in children in Southeast Asia where rice is a staple food but does not provide vitamin A. The development of Golden Rice involved transferring three genes - two from daffodils and one from bacteria - to allow the rice to produce beta-carotene. While it provides a sustainable solution and its seeds can be resown, Golden Rice also faces challenges in increasing its beta-carotene levels and transferring the genes to local rice varieties.
Transgenic plant with improved nutritional quality
This document summarizes the development of Golden Rice, a genetically engineered rice variety that produces beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A. It was developed to address vitamin A deficiency in developing countries where rice is a staple crop. The document describes how researchers introduced genes from daffodil and bacteria to complete the beta-carotene biosynthesis pathway in rice endosperm. Early research demonstrated beta-carotene production in transgenic rice. Further work improved beta-carotene levels and introduced the trait into indica rice varieties commonly consumed in Asia where vitamin A deficiency is widespread. The goal of Golden Rice is to provide a sustainable solution to prevent blindness and other health issues caused by vitamin A deficiency.
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Transgenic plant
To decrease our world hunger and to make the plant more nutritious the transgenic technique was developed. This the basis of the transgenic plant and its technique
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Golden Rice
Golden rice is a variety of rice (Oryza sativa) produced through genetic engineering to biosynthesize beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, in the edible parts of rice.It is intended to produce a fortified food to be grown and consumed in areas with a shortage of dietary vitamin A, a deficiency which each year is estimated to kill 670,000 children under the age of 5 and cause an additional 500,000 cases of irreversible childhood blindness. Rice is a staple food crop for over half of the world's population, providing 30–72% of the energy intake for people in Asian countries, and becoming an effective crop for targeting vitamin deficiencies.
GOLDEN RICE; The genetically modified crop in India
GOLDEN RICE, the genetically modified crop of Oryza sativa. Major role in the protection from vitamin A deficiency and malnutrition.
Golden rice
This will be helpful to understand the importance of golden rice to allivate vitamin A deficiency and also to learn the basic technique of Golden Rice Development
Golden rice
Production of "GOLDEN RICE", a genetically modified (GM) crop improvement programme, its history, methodology and drawbacks.
Golden rice
Golden Rice is genetically modified rice that contains three introduced genes capable of beta-carotene synthesis, giving the rice kernels a golden yellow color. It was developed to combat vitamin A deficiency, a major cause of blindness and death in children in Southeast Asia where rice is a staple food but does not provide vitamin A. The development of Golden Rice involved transferring three genes - two from daffodils and one from bacteria - to allow the rice to produce beta-carotene. While it provides a sustainable solution and its seeds can be resown, Golden Rice also faces challenges in increasing its beta-carotene levels and transferring the genes to local rice varieties.
Transgenic plant with improved nutritional quality
This document summarizes the development of Golden Rice, a genetically engineered rice variety that produces beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A. It was developed to address vitamin A deficiency in developing countries where rice is a staple crop. The document describes how researchers introduced genes from daffodil and bacteria to complete the beta-carotene biosynthesis pathway in rice endosperm. Early research demonstrated beta-carotene production in transgenic rice. Further work improved beta-carotene levels and introduced the trait into indica rice varieties commonly consumed in Asia where vitamin A deficiency is widespread. The goal of Golden Rice is to provide a sustainable solution to prevent blindness and other health issues caused by vitamin A deficiency.
Genetic Engineering of Papaya for Ring Spot Virus
This document summarizes the development of genetically engineered papaya in Hawaii that are resistant to Papaya Ring Spot Virus (PRSV). Researchers introduced the coat protein gene of PRSV into papaya plants, which provided resistance. Transgenic papaya plants were tested and shown to be protected from PRSV infection, while unmodified plants developed symptoms. Two new virus-resistant varieties, SunUp and Rainbow, were developed and approved for commercial production in Hawaii in 1998 to rescue the papaya industry from devastating PRSV outbreaks.
Transgenic plant
To decrease our world hunger and to make the plant more nutritious the transgenic technique was developed. This the basis of the transgenic plant and its technique
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Viral infections in plants can be controlled through several strategies including using certified seed/plants, controlling weeds that harbor viruses, and insecticide use since most viruses are vector-borne. Transgenic virus resistance involves expressing viral genes including coat proteins, replicases, movement proteins, or antisense RNA to interfere with viral replication or movement. The papaya industry was saved through a transgenic papaya resistant to papaya ringspot virus. While virus resistance holds promise, risks like recombination or heterologous encapsidation must be monitored.
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analysis of transgenic plants
This document discusses various techniques used to analyze transgenic plants, including PCR, Southern blotting, Northern blotting, Western blotting, ELISA, and strip tests. PCR can detect the presence of a transgene but not copy number. Southern blotting determines transgene integration sites and copy number by detecting DNA fragments after restriction enzyme digestion. Northern blotting analyzes relative transgene expression at the mRNA level. Western blotting and ELISA detect and quantify transgene protein production. Strip tests provide a rapid, qualitative method to detect transgene proteins. Together, these techniques allow analysis of transgenic plants at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels.
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Transgenic crops for food quality.
Genetically modified crops can be engineered to improve nutritional quality by modifying traits like protein, carbohydrates, and oil content. Protein quality can be improved by introducing genes for amino acids like lysine and methionine that are typically deficient in plant proteins. Carbohydrates like starch can have modified properties like increased amylose content by suppressing starch synthase enzymes. Oil content and fatty acid composition can also be altered through genetic engineering to produce oils with desired levels of nutrients, fatty acids, and antioxidants. These approaches aim to develop crops with enhanced nutritional profiles to benefit human health.
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This document discusses plant biotechnology and genetically modified organisms (GMOs). It defines plant biotechnology as using genetic engineering to transfer genes from one organism to a plant to modify its characteristics. Genetic engineering is used in agriculture to develop pest-resistant and herbicide-tolerant crops, produce stronger fibers and nutritional supplements. While GMOs can benefit farmers and the environment by reducing pesticide use, there are also concerns about their impacts on pollinators, development of pest resistance and spread of transgenes to wild plants. The document outlines both advantages and disadvantages of agricultural biotechnology.
Powerpoint Presentation of GMO by Joshua H. Cabarle BSED I-C
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are crops that have been genetically engineered to have certain traits. The document discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of GMOs. It notes that GMOs are engineered to have increased yields, use fewer pesticides and water, and resist pests and disease. However, it also points out disadvantages like potential harm to the environment and humans, the rise of "superweeds", and greater dependence on corporations that produce GMO seeds.
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Golden rice
The document discusses Golden Rice, a genetically modified rice variety that contains beta-carotene which provides vitamin A. It begins with an introduction to genetic modification and how it is used to develop crops with improved traits. It then discusses vitamin A deficiency globally and how Golden Rice was developed to address this issue by producing beta-carotene in the rice grain. The document outlines research that has demonstrated Golden Rice is as effective a source of vitamin A as pure beta-carotene supplements. However, it also notes there remain some controversies around Golden Rice regarding its actual nutrient levels and environmental impacts.
Roundup Ready Soybean Controversies
Roundup ready soybeans were developed by Monsanto to be resistant to glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup herbicide. The soybeans were engineered to express an EPSPS enzyme from bacteria that allows them to survive being sprayed by Roundup. Farmers who buy Monsanto's patented Roundup Ready seeds are required not to save and replant the seeds. Some critics argue this raises ethical and economic issues. In a Supreme Court case, a farmer tried to argue that planting seeds from a previous crop did not infringe on Monsanto's patent, but the Court rejected this, affirming that patent rights are not exhausted through natural reproduction of seeds.
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Herbicide resistant plants.pptx
This document discusses herbicide resistance in plants. It notes that weeds reduce crop yields by 10-15% and that herbicides were developed to tackle the weed problem. Glyphosate is highlighted as a broad-spectrum herbicide that is effective against many weeds. The mechanism of glyphosate is that it inhibits the shikimic acid pathway in plants. Genetic engineering strategies are used to develop herbicide resistant crops, including overexpressing the EPSPS gene, using a mutant EPSPS gene, or introducing genes for herbicide detoxification. Combining these strategies can provide high levels of herbicide resistance.
TRANSGENIC CROPS
Transgenic crops are genetically modified crops containing genes artificially inserted from another species. The first GM crop was a tobacco plant in 1982, and the first approved for sale in the US was the FlavrSavr tomato in 1994. GM crops are developed using genetic engineering techniques to speed up traditional breeding and introduce a wider variety of genes. Potential benefits include increased yields, insect and disease resistance, and improved nutrition. However, there are also concerns about the impacts on human and environmental health.
Bioherbicides
Bioherbicides are biologically based agents for controlling weeds. They provide an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical herbicides which can pollute the environment and affect human health. The first commercial bioherbicides appeared in the 1980s. They included Devine, a mycoherbicide that controls the weed Morrenia odorata through a pathogenic fungus. Since then, many microbes have been screened for their ability to act as bioherbicides. While bioherbicides show promise, challenges remain in developing agents that are effective, host-specific, and genetically stable under field conditions. Improved formulation and targeting of specific weed species could help increase their use in agriculture as an alternative to chemical herbicides
Golden Rice – A Humanitarian Biotechnology Project
Presentation of Golden Rice Co-inventor Peter Beyer, professor at the university of Freiburg, at the Comm4Biotech conference 2011 in Strasbourg - more information on http://www.comm4biotech.eu .
Parthenocarpy
The document discusses parthenocarpy, which is the natural or artificially induced production of fruit without fertilization. Some key points are:
1) Parthenocarpy allows for seedless fruits and occurs naturally in some plants like bananas, tomatoes, and citrus fruits. It can also be induced artificially by applying plant growth hormones.
2) Seedlessness is a desirable trait for some fruits like pineapple, banana, and grapefruit that have hard seeds. Parthenocarpy also benefits plants that are difficult to pollinate.
3) Horticulturists have selectively bred parthenocarpic varieties of many plants like figs, eggplants, and breadfruit to aid cultivation and production
1 Golden Rice: Shining a Light on Vitamin A Deficiency
1 Golden Rice: Shining a Light on Vitamin A DeficiencyDepartment of Bioscience, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat
Golden rice is a bioengineered variety of rice that produces beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A. This innovation aims to address vitamin A deficiency (VAD), a prevalent public health issue affecting millions, particularly children and pregnant women, in regions where rice is a staple food.Biofortification and biofortified foods.pptx
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The document discusses the history and applications of genetically modified plants. The first genetically modified plant was produced in 1982 using an antibiotic-resistant tobacco plant. The first genetically modified crop approved for commercial sale in the US was the FlavrSavr tomato in 1994, which had a longer shelf life. Genetic engineering techniques are used to improve crop traits like herbicide and insect resistance, virus resistance, oil and fruit content, and abiotic stress tolerance.
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This document discusses genetic engineering approaches for improving biotic stress tolerance in plants. It focuses on engineering resistance to herbicides, insects, fungi and bacteria. For herbicide resistance, genes have been introduced that encode herbicide-insensitive versions of the EPSPS enzyme or enzymes that can degrade herbicides. For insect resistance, genes from Bacillus thuringiensis encoding cry toxins have been widely used, as well as genes encoding protease inhibitors, lectins, and chitinases. For resistance to fungi and bacteria, genes involved in the plant's incompatible hypersensitive response have potential for engineering resistance.
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This document discusses plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). It begins by noting the growing global population and need to increase food production. It then defines PGPR as bacteria that colonize plant roots and promote growth through various mechanisms. The document goes on to describe characteristics, mechanisms, and examples of PGPR, including biological nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, phytohormone production, siderophore production, induced systemic resistance, and stress tolerance functions. A history of PGPR research is also provided, along with commercial examples.
Transgenic crops for food quality.
Genetically modified crops can be engineered to improve nutritional quality by modifying traits like protein, carbohydrates, and oil content. Protein quality can be improved by introducing genes for amino acids like lysine and methionine that are typically deficient in plant proteins. Carbohydrates like starch can have modified properties like increased amylose content by suppressing starch synthase enzymes. Oil content and fatty acid composition can also be altered through genetic engineering to produce oils with desired levels of nutrients, fatty acids, and antioxidants. These approaches aim to develop crops with enhanced nutritional profiles to benefit human health.
Plant biotechnology and its impacts
This document discusses plant biotechnology and genetically modified organisms (GMOs). It defines plant biotechnology as using genetic engineering to transfer genes from one organism to a plant to modify its characteristics. Genetic engineering is used in agriculture to develop pest-resistant and herbicide-tolerant crops, produce stronger fibers and nutritional supplements. While GMOs can benefit farmers and the environment by reducing pesticide use, there are also concerns about their impacts on pollinators, development of pest resistance and spread of transgenes to wild plants. The document outlines both advantages and disadvantages of agricultural biotechnology.
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Golden rice
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Supplement with- biofertilizr
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Herbicide resistant plants.pptx
This document discusses herbicide resistance in plants. It notes that weeds reduce crop yields by 10-15% and that herbicides were developed to tackle the weed problem. Glyphosate is highlighted as a broad-spectrum herbicide that is effective against many weeds. The mechanism of glyphosate is that it inhibits the shikimic acid pathway in plants. Genetic engineering strategies are used to develop herbicide resistant crops, including overexpressing the EPSPS gene, using a mutant EPSPS gene, or introducing genes for herbicide detoxification. Combining these strategies can provide high levels of herbicide resistance.
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Golden Rice – A Humanitarian Biotechnology Project
Presentation of Golden Rice Co-inventor Peter Beyer, professor at the university of Freiburg, at the Comm4Biotech conference 2011 in Strasbourg - more information on http://www.comm4biotech.eu .
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The document discusses parthenocarpy, which is the natural or artificially induced production of fruit without fertilization. Some key points are:
1) Parthenocarpy allows for seedless fruits and occurs naturally in some plants like bananas, tomatoes, and citrus fruits. It can also be induced artificially by applying plant growth hormones.
2) Seedlessness is a desirable trait for some fruits like pineapple, banana, and grapefruit that have hard seeds. Parthenocarpy also benefits plants that are difficult to pollinate.
3) Horticulturists have selectively bred parthenocarpic varieties of many plants like figs, eggplants, and breadfruit to aid cultivation and production
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1 Golden Rice: Shining a Light on Vitamin A Deficiency
1 Golden Rice: Shining a Light on Vitamin A DeficiencyDepartment of Bioscience, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat
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Golden rice ppt
Golden rice is a genetically engineered variety of rice that produces beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A, in the edible parts of the rice grain. It was developed to help address vitamin A deficiency in parts of the world where rice is a staple crop. The goals are to provide a sustainable source of vitamin A through a staple food that is accessible and can be grown locally by farmers to consume and sell. The rice was engineered by introducing two new genes that activate the biosynthetic pathway to produce beta-carotene in the endosperm of the rice grain.
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This document discusses biofortification as a solution to micronutrient deficiencies affecting nearly half the world's population. It describes how scientists are breeding staple crop varieties such as cassava, sweet potatoes, rice and beans that are richer in nutrients like vitamin A, iron and zinc. Through conventional breeding or genetic engineering, these biofortified crops have the potential to significantly improve nutrition and reduce disease burden in developing nations in a sustainable and cost-effective way.
Golden rice by utkarsh
Golden rice is a genetically engineered variety of rice that produces beta-carotene, which the body converts to vitamin A. It was developed in the 1980s by researchers to address vitamin A deficiency in developing countries. The rice was engineered by adding two genes, one from daffodils and one from soil bacteria, which activate the biosynthesis pathway for carotenoids. This gives the rice grains a yellow color and makes them a source of pro-vitamin A. The goal was to provide more accessible nutrition and reduce symptoms of vitamin A deficiency like blindness and increased disease susceptibility. However, golden rice has also faced some controversy over potential health, environmental and cultural impacts.
goldenrice - Copy.pptx
Golden Rice was created in 1999 to address vitamin A deficiency in rice-dependent populations. Scientists added two genes (psy and crtI) to rice to produce beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A. Golden Rice-1 did not produce enough beta-carotene. In 2005, Golden Rice-2 was developed by using a maize psy gene and seed-specific promoter, producing higher beta-carotene levels. Golden Rice is considered safe as beta-carotene is converted to vitamin A only as needed. However, some have raised concerns about allergies, genetic contamination, and impacts on local cultures and biodiversity. Supporters argue it could reduce medical costs and increase productivity compared to alternative
Vit defficiency, micro, obesity_ consized.ppt
This document discusses vitamins and their roles and functions. It begins by defining a vitamin as an organic compound needed in small amounts for normal bodily processes that cannot be synthesized in the body. Vitamins are classified as either fat-soluble or water-soluble. The document then provides details on specific vitamins including Vitamin A, the B vitamins, Vitamin C, and Vitamin D. For each vitamin, the document outlines its biochemical functions, dietary sources, deficiency symptoms, recommended daily allowances, and other relevant information.
NATIONAL VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY PROPHYLAXIS PROGRAMMES
this presentation is about the governmental organised national vitamin A prophylaxis programme which aims to reduce or to prevent the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency.
Golden rice
Golden rice was genetically engineered to produce beta-carotene in the grain to address vitamin A deficiency. Over 100 million people in Asia and Africa suffer from vitamin A deficiency, which can cause blindness and death. Rice is a staple food in these regions. The original golden rice produced low levels of beta-carotene, but a new variety called Golden Rice 2 produces much higher levels. Golden rice is still undergoing field tests and has faced controversy from groups opposed to GMOs, though supporters argue it could help address malnutrition if approved.
Elite crop (golden rice)
Golden Rice is a genetically engineered rice variety that produces beta-carotene, which the body converts to vitamin A. It was developed to help address vitamin A deficiency in developing countries. The Golden Rice Project inserted genes for phytoene synthase and lycopene cyclase enzymes into rice, allowing it to synthesize beta-carotene in the edible endosperm. Golden Rice 2 produces 23 times more carotenoids than the original. Potential advantages include providing a sustainable source of vitamin A, but there are also concerns about allergies, expression levels, and impacts on biodiversity and culture. Further research and development is still needed before Golden Rice can be effectively deployed.
Bio-fortification of maize with pro vitamin A carotenoids
Malnutrition and its causes, bio-fortification and its goals, bio-fortified crops, Possible approaches of bio-fortification of maize with pro vitamin A carotenoids.
Ofsp mohidul bd
Slide presentation at Dept. of Arid Land Agriculture,
King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Biofortification of rice
Biofortification of riceSouth African National Bioinformatics Institute at the University of the Western Cape
A description of the history, variation in methods/ approaches for biofortifying rice, benefits and challenges faced with biofortified rice and consequences for future generations.. Vitamins - Overview
Vitamins are organic compounds that are required in small amounts for normal growth and maintenance of life. They are classified as either fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) or water-soluble (B complex, C). Deficiencies can occur due to inadequate intake or malabsorption and cause diseases like beriberi, rickets, and scurvy. The document provides details on sources, daily requirements, and deficiency symptoms of each vitamin. It emphasizes the importance of vitamins for health and outlines how requirements vary based on age, gender, and physiological state.
Global leaders hoping to fight anemia with rice fortification
In 1995, JavaScript was introduced as a computer programming language, DVDs were announced for media storage, Microsoft launched Windows 95 and 33 percent of non-pregnant women ages 15 to 49 years old worldwide had anemia.
Vitamin a prophylaxis
This document discusses vitamin A deficiency, its causes, effects, and prevention through supplementation programs in India. It notes that vitamin A is essential for vision, immunity, growth and reproduction. Deficiency can lead to increased infections and blindness in children. India has a high prevalence of deficiency, especially in preschoolers and pregnant women. The national prophylaxis program aims to prevent blindness through supplementation of vitamin A to children from 9 months to 5 years at doses of 100,000 IU every 6 months. Food fortification and dietary diversification can also help prevent deficiency. Regular supplementation is important as vitamin A stores deplete within 4-6 months.
Golden rice paper
Golden rice is a genetically modified rice variety that is engineered to contain beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A. It was developed to address vitamin A deficiency affecting millions of people worldwide. Golden rice contains three added genes - two from daffodils and one from a bacterium - that produce beta-carotene in the rice grain. While similar in appearance to regular rice, golden rice provides a source of vitamin A when consumed. Researchers are working to develop golden rice varieties suited for different regions and farmer practices to help reduce vitamin A deficiency, especially in developing nations where rice is a staple crop.
Genetically modified food and its consequences on human health and nutrition
Genetically Modified Food and Its Consequences on Human Health and Nutrition discusses genetically modified (GM) foods. It begins with an introduction to genetic engineering and how it is used to alter the structure and characteristics of genes. The document then explores the rationale for GM foods, including addressing increasing global food demands and malnutrition. Both the advantages and disadvantages of GM foods are examined, such as increasing crop yields but also potential human health risks. The document concludes that while GM foods may help address global issues like malnutrition, more research is still needed to fully understand their effects on human health.
Fortification of food for value
This document discusses fortification of staple foods like wheat and maize flours, and rice with micronutrients. It outlines how iron, folic acid, and other B vitamins added through fortification can reduce anemia and birth defects. The document also addresses constraints of fortification like nutrient stability and costs, as well as the status of fortification in Qatar where wheat and rice are imported and voluntary fortification occurs.
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1 Golden Rice: Shining a Light on Vitamin A Deficiency
1 Golden Rice: Shining a Light on Vitamin A Deficiency
Imprpoving seed storage proteins & golden rice
Imprpoving seed storage proteins & golden rice
NATIONAL VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY PROPHYLAXIS PROGRAMMES
NATIONAL VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY PROPHYLAXIS PROGRAMMES
Bio-fortification of maize with pro vitamin A carotenoids
Bio-fortification of maize with pro vitamin A carotenoids
Global leaders hoping to fight anemia with rice fortification
Global leaders hoping to fight anemia with rice fortification
Genetically modified food and its consequences on human health and nutrition
Genetically modified food and its consequences on human health and nutrition
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- All organs of the digestive system are at risk from alcohol abuse, including risks of certain cancers and bleeding. This may also impact nutrient absorption.
- Both the male and female reproductive systems are damaged by heavy drinking through effects like impotence, irregular periods, and increased disease transmission risk.
- Bones can become weaker due to impacts on
Cryptocurrency A brief History
Crypto-currency is a digital currency that works as a medium of exchange like normal currencies such as USD. It uses cryptography to secure transactions and control the creation of new coins. Some key points about crypto-currency are that it has no central authority, uses decentralized control, and works using public/private keys to verify transfers of value. Popular crypto-currencies include Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin. To use crypto-currency, users need a digital wallet to send and receive digital coins.
Basics of Artificial Neural Network
This document provides an overview of artificial neural networks. It discusses the biological neuron model that inspired artificial neural networks. The key components of an artificial neuron are inputs, weights, summation, and an activation function. Neural networks have an interconnected architecture with layers of nodes. Learning involves modifying the weights through algorithms like backpropagation to minimize error. Neural networks can perform supervised or unsupervised learning. Their advantages include handling complex nonlinear problems, learning from data, and adapting to new situations.
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This document provides an overview of block-chain technology and how it works. It explains that block-chain was originally created for Bitcoin as a digital ledger that distributes transaction data across a network of computers. Each computer holds a copy of the ledger and transactions are verified through consensus protocols. This makes the records more secure and transparent than a centralized system by preventing fraudulent transactions. The document also discusses how block-chain could improve online transactions by lowering security risks and errors through its distributed structure.
Beneficial use of Microorganism
This document discusses the beneficial uses of microorganisms in industry. It provides criteria for selecting industrial microorganisms, such as being able to produce large amounts of a single product efficiently. It then categorizes and gives examples of microorganisms used to produce various acids, vitamins, enzymes, and other compounds. Specifically, it notes that citric acid is produced by Aspergillus niger, lactic acid by Lactobacillus, and lysine by Enterobacter aerogenes. Overall, the document outlines how microorganisms are useful in producing commercial products through fermentation.
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Membrane structure
The plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer that forms the boundary of cells. It is selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass through more easily than others. Early models proposed that proteins were sandwiched between phospholipid layers, but the fluid mosaic model established in 1972 described proteins as being dispersed within and moving laterally through the fluid phospholipid bilayer. Membrane proteins have important functions including transport, enzymatic activity, signal transduction, cell-cell recognition, intercellular joining, and attachment to intracellular and extracellular structures. Membranes are synthesized in the ER and Golgi apparatus and their structure results in the selective permeability that allows cells to exchange materials with their surroundings.
Silk moth and silk production
This document provides information about silk production from silkworms. It discusses the different types of silkworms used for silk production, including the most common domesticated silkworm Bombyx mori. It describes the life cycle of the silkworm from egg to adult moth and the process of silk production, where silkworm larvae spin cocoons made of silk fiber. It also gives an overview of the sericulture industry and management processes involved in commercial silk production.
IMMUNOPATHOLOGY ON SLEEPING SICKNESS:
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Guided by Subham and Presented by Swati
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Immunotherapy
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Blast subham
This is mostly used to be understand what should blast use in biotechnology ...This was explained by Subham Preetam
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Benifits of ginger
This study investigated the inhibitory effects of aqueous onion and garlic extracts on the growth and keratinase activity of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, a fungus that causes skin infections. Thirty isolates of T. mentagrophytes were tested for their ability to produce keratinase, a key enzyme for fungal invasion. The isolates demonstrated a range of keratinase production levels under optimal culture conditions. Both onion and garlic extracts significantly inhibited the growth of T. mentagrophytes at various concentrations, with up to 100% inhibition at a 10% extract concentration. The extracts also inhibited keratinase activity of the fungus in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that onion and garlic extracts have potential for development into anti
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Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
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In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
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Overview of the Global Peatlands Assessment
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Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
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ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
How about Huawei mobile phone-www.cfye-commerce.shop
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学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
在线办理(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Peatland Management in Indonesia, Science to Policy and Knowledge Education
Peatland Management in Indonesia, Science to Policy and Knowledge EducationGlobal Landscapes Forum (GLF)
Presented by Feri Johana at GLF Peatlands 2024 - 360 Degree Approach to Improving Capacity of Multiple Stakeholders to Manage Peatland SustainablyWildlife-AnIntroduction.pdf so that you know more about our environment
All about wildlife, if you are fond of animals and wildlife then do follow us for more content like this
Peatlands of Latin America and the Caribbean
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
一比一原版(UMTC毕业证书)明尼苏达大学双城分校毕业证如何办理
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Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
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The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
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Golden rice technology
- 1. GOLDEN RICE TECHNOLOGY SUBHAM PREETAM Junior Resercher
- 2. CONTENT • Formation of golden rice • Golden rice breeding programme • Effects of malnutrition • Advantage • Disadvantage
- 3. INTRODUCTION • It is a variety of Oryza sativa rice product from genetic engineering. • Its main purpose is to provide pro-vitamin A to the developing country where malnutrition and vitamin A deficiency are common. • It is golden yellow in colour. • It is founded by the ROCKEFELLER foundation, the swiss federal institute of technology, and a crop protection company.
- 4. FORMATION OF GOLDEN RICE The addition of two genes in the rice genome with the biosynthetic pathway. Phytoene synthase(psy) from daffodils and Lycopene cyclase(crt1)from soil bacteria. Phytoene synthase is a transferase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of carotenoids.It catalyzes the conversion of geranylgerany phyrophosphate to phytoene. By the mix it produce enzyme and catalyst for the biosynthesis of carotenoids(β carotene) in the endosperm.
- 6. GOLDEN RICE BREEDING PROGRAMME IN(INDIA)- • Golden rice is in high yielding good quality Indian rice varieties. • Field trails are planned for 2012. • Golden rice is now being with rice with additional agronomics traits ‘Golden rice + submergence tolerance’ ‘Golden rice + bacterial blight resistance’ • ‘Golden rice + high iron combination’ is planned.
- 7. EFFECTS OF MALNUTRITION • Symptoms of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) include; night blindness, increased susceptibility to infection and cancer, anemia(lack of red blood cells or haemoglobin),deterioration of the eye tissue, and cardiovascular disease. • Nearly 9 million children die from malnutrition each year. A large proportion of those children die from common illnesses that could have been avoided through adequate nutrition . • The reduced immune competence increases the morbidity and mortality rates of children.
- 8. ADVANTAGE • Golden rice give more quantity vitamin-A. • Easy distribution when released to needy . • Cheaper option to supply vitamin A requirement compared to other supplementary measures. • Sustainable option as once released for common cultivation can be cultivated every growing season by farmer saved seeds, therefore no need of yearly budgetary investment for distribution.
- 9. DISADVANTAGE • Health 1. May cause allergies or fail to perform desired effect . 2. Supply does not provide a substantial quantity as the recommended daily intake Environment. 3. Loss of biodiversity. may become a gregarious weed and endanger the existence of natural rice plants. 4. Genetic contamination of natural, global staple foods Culture. 5. Some people prefer to cultivate and eat only white rice based on traditional values and spiritual beliefs.
- 10. THANK YOU