Golden Algae
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This document summarizes research on the golden algae Prymnesium parvum. It describes the organism's characteristics, environmental impacts from toxic algal blooms, and methods to identify and detect P. parvum. Experiments analyzed changes in pigmentation and optical absorption signatures over the algae's growth cycle. Results showed pigmentation ratios varied too much to use for detection, but optical signatures remained consistent, allowing rapid detection through remote sensing of blooms.
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Lab #11 –
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Today’s Lab ObjectivesTo apply your knowledge of ecosystems, population ecology, and ecotoxicology to a case study of the impact of pollution on Daphnia populations and what that might indicate for ecosystems as a whole.
To learn more about the sources and impacts of pollutants on the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems, particularly the impacts of organic pollution, acid pollution, and salinity.
To learn more about the use of indicator species and to understand why Daphnia are used as such a species.
Understand what lethal dose/concentration means and how it is specific for each pollutant type.
To practice using credible sources on (at least 2 peer-reviewed) to support your arguments.
Synthesize this information into a final lab report.
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Review of Ecosystem BasicsEcosystem: All of the interacting organisms (populations) and abiotic factors that occur in a particular place at a given time
Components of an Ecosystem:
Abiotic - nonliving components e.g. Sunlight, temperature, precipitation, soil/water chemistry
Biotic - all the living things that affect an organism in its environment e.g. Organisms
Example of an Ecosystem
*
Looking at the image below…
how would you define pollution?
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What is pollution?Definition – unnatural by-products of human activities accumulating in the environment at levels that are harmful to living organism.
Sources of pollution vary
Some specific types of pollution:AcidOrganic ThermalPharmaceuticalSalinity
Acid PollutionDefinition:
sulfur and nitrogen oxides react with air in the atmosphere (and potentially the terrestrially via run-off) to form sulfuric and nitric acids which will reenter the environment via rain.
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Basic Example of the
Creation of Acid Pollution
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Organic PollutionDefinition:
compounds that are resistant to environmental degradation
Examples: Pesticides, fertilizers, detergents, sewage, farm run-off
Organic pollutants canBe persistent in the environment for a long period of timeThey accumulate in human/animal tissues and magnify in food chains.a.k.a. They have significant impacts on human health and the environment as a whole.Are capable of long-range transportCan provide large quantities of of organic compounds and limiting nutrients, which act as substrates (food) for microorganisms, are released into water sources (algal blooms)
Examples of Organic Pollution
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EutrophicationThe process by which a body of water acquires a high concentration of nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates.
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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- 33. A B C
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- 36. Stationary Phase Pigmentation Dynamics 20 0 47 12 27 0 COV % 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.04 0.00 STDV 0.04 0.23 0.02 0.48 0.16 0.05 AVG C 16 23 0 12 13 17 COV % 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.07 0.03 0.01 STDV 0.04 0.25 0.01 0.55 0.20 0.06 AVG B 29 5 11 13 7 15 COV % 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.01 STDV 0.03 0.21 0.01 0.50 0.18 0.05 AVG A Zeax- Diado-/Diato Viola- Fuco- Chl c1c2 Chl c3 STATIONARY
- 37. Comparison of separating analysis over phases versus using entire sampling period 57 30 38 18 24 15 TOTAL 20 0 47 12 27 0 STATIONARY 86 23 40 14 21 16 GROWTH C 39 24 53 21 23 27 TOTAL 16 23 0 12 13 17 STATIONARY 56 28 82 25 31 39 GROWTH B 56 13 57 12 21 33 TOTAL 29 5 11 13 7 15 STATIONARY 74 10 90 10 30 42 GROWTH A Zeax- Diado-/Diato Viola- Fuco- Chl c1c2 Chl c3 COV %
- 39. Rapid Detection through use of Optical Signatures Merissa Ludwig
- 45. Absorbance