The document discusses the greenhouse effect, emphasizing the role of greenhouse gases in warming the Earth's atmosphere and their necessity for sustaining life. It also highlights the dangers of human-induced changes such as ozone depletion, global warming, and their adverse impacts on health, biodiversity, and the environment. Solutions are proposed to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, including afforestation, reducing fossil fuel use, and increasing awareness and participation among individuals, particularly students.

1. THE EBULLIENT
PRESENTS
A Presentation on
GREENHOUSE EFFECT

4. Introduction
Greenhouse gases are those
Greenhouse gases: gases that contributes to the
warming of the Earth's
atmosphere by reflecting
radiation from the Earth's
surface. Greenhouse gases
greatly affect the
temperature of the Earth;
without them, Earth's
surface would be about 33 °C
(59 °F) colder than at
present. Greenhouse gases
are those that can absorb
and emit infrared
radiation. In order, the most
abundant greenhouse gases
in Earth's atmosphere are:
water vapor (H2O)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
methane(CH4)
nitrous oxide (N2O)
ozone (O3)

5. Natural Greenhouse
Earth is much colder than the sun, but it is warmer than the space outside
its atmosphere. Earth's atmosphere is made up of gases, and these gases
allow some solar radiation to reach the planet but also absorb some of the
heat radiating from the planet, trapping it and radiating it back downward
to the surface. This cycle is called the greenhouse effect, because it is
similar to the warming process inside a glass-walled greenhouse. Earth's
atmosphere traps enough heat to keep the entire planet warm; without it,
the average temperature of the Earth's surface would be much colder than
the freezing point of water, about 0 degrees Celsius.

6. What is artificial greenhouse ??
A greenhouse is a house made of glass. It has glass walls and a glass roof. People grow
tomatoes ,flowers and other plants in them. A greenhouse stays warm inside, even during
winter. Sunlight shines in and warms the plants and air inside. But the heat is trapped by the
glass and can't escape. So during the daylight hours, it gets warmer and warmer inside a
greenhouse, and stays pretty warm at night too. Due to artificial greenhouse people can grow
plants in the off season too.

7. Greenhouse Effect
Greenhouse Effect, the capacity of certain gases in the
atmosphere to trap heat emitted from Earth’s surface, thereby
insulating and warming the planet. The greenhouse effect has
warmed Earth for over 4 billion years. Now scientists are
growing increasingly concerned that human activities may be
modifying this natural process, with potentially dangerous
consequences.

10. Ozone Layer Depletion: A cause of
increasing Greenhouse Effect
Ozone depletion describes two distinct but related phenomena
observed since the late 1970s: a steady decline of about 4% per
decade in the total volume of ozone in Earth's stratosphere (the
ozone layer), and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric
ozone over Earth's polar regions. The latter phenomenon is referred
to as the ozone hole.

11. Causes of Ozone Layer Depletion

12. Solutions to Ozone Layer Depletion

15. Heating effect of greenhouse gases makes existence of life is possible in earth.

16. Protects the plants and gives them new lives and along with maintaining Earth’s average
temperature it also protects the existing bio-diversity.
Yellow tundra flower

17. BUT………..

18. Disadvantages of accumulation of greenhouse gases
a) Increase in Earth’s average
temperature
b) Rise in sea level
c) Melting of snow, glaciers
d) Extinction of various plants and
animal species
e) Struggle for existence

20. Ref:NRC,2006

21. GLOBAL WARMING….

22. CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING…
Unmanaged Increasing
garbage Automobiles
Deforestation
Pollution Industrialization

23. Effects of Global Warming
Global warming has adverse effects on all aspect of environment and ecosystem.

24. Solutions

25. Melting of Glaciers

26. Causes of melting of Glaciers

29. FROM THE ABOVE INDICATIONS, WE CAN CONCLUDE THAT
THE RISE IN SEA LEVEL WOULD CERTAINLY LEAVE MANY
PEOPLE HOMELES!!

30. Solutions

32. a. Relationship between health
and greenhouse effect
b. Causes of health
degradation
c. Effects on health

33. Depletion
of Human
health
Degradation of
environment
Increase in
green house
gases
When there’s a change in
Environment, the health of
People gets directly affect due to imbalance in
various natural cycles. When the natural cycles are
disturbed due to accumulation of greenhouse gases,
the environment gets polluted. Along with that, the
people’s health gets directly and inversely affected.

34. Increase in Earth’s temperature
increases vaporization which creates
shortage of water and the consumption
of the polluted water causes diseases
Use of high amount of chemicals
fertilizers to increase soil fertility harms
the health of organisms
Increased temperature disrupts
natural cycles and creates difficulty in
adaptation. This affects the overall health
of people.

35. Survival of wildlife, plants becomes difficult
and many species die
Various new diseases infect living beings,
plants
Hunger and starvation due to less productivity
of land causes malnutrition
Various deformities is seen in various species
Difficult in adaptation due to change in
temperature

36. Future Consequences

37. NOW..........
THEN..............

38. Solutions to increasing Greenhouse
effect
• Reduce the use of materials which produce greenhouse
gases.
• Avoid the burning of fossil fuel and household residue.
• Upgrade infrastructures.
• Afforestation.
• Using alternative sources of energy.
• Using eco-friendly materials.
• Incineration plant should be established.
• Pollution should be controlled……

39. Solutions to Greenhouse effect

41. Roles of students
in minimizing the effects of increasing
Greenhouse effect
• Forming local level student union to increase
student participation in environment conservation .
• Conducting Afforestation programs, especially in
urban areas to restore greenery.
• Including students from all over the world from
different ecological regions so that protection
campaigns can be made much more effective.

46. A real activist is not the one who says that the river is dirty but the one
who cleans the river.

48. Qn.1)What is greenhouse effect? What would
happen if there were no greenhouse gases at all
in the atmosphere?
Ans: The phenomenon of increasing the temperature of the earth
surface due to the radiations trapped by the greenhouse gases is
called the greenhouse effect.
If there were no greenhouse gases at all, the average
temperature of the earth would have been 39 °C less than today’s
temperature. Due to this, ice would cover the earth surface which
would make survival of living organisms impossible.

49. Qn. 2) What is greenhouse gases? Write two
advantages of greenhouse effect.
Ans: The gases which are responsible for
trapping the radiations emitted by the sun to cause
greenhouse effect are known as greenhouse gases.
For e.g. CFC, H2O,CO2,CH4 etc.
Any two advantages of greenhouse effect are:
a) Sustains life on earth
b) Maintains the average temperature of earth

50. 1.Nitrous oxide (N2O), Laughing gas
Ans: The sources of this gas are:
-Artificial Soil Fertilization
-Mobile/Stationary Sources of Fossil Fuel
-Combustion
-Livestock Manure
2.Chlorofluoro carbons (CFCs)
Ans: The sources of this gas are:
-From air conditioners
-From refrigerators
-From aerosols

51. 3) Carbon dioxide
Ans: The main sources of CO2 are:
1)Burning of organic matter
2)Power generation
3)Transportation
4)Burning of fossil fuels
5) Deforestation
4)Methane
Ans: The main sources of Methane are:
1)Organic matter when decomposes
in the absence of Oxygen
2)Wetlands
3)Rice-plantations
5)During extraction and transport of
natural gas

52. Qn. 4) What is artificial greenhouse? Write its
two advantages.
Ans: The house which is made from glasses in botanical garden to
increase the inside temperature is called artificial greenhouse.
Any two advantages of artificial greenhouse are:
a)We can grow off seasonal crops.
b) Tropical plants can be grown in other higher regions.

53. Qn.5 )In artificial greenhouses, summer
vegetables can be grown even in winter. How?
Ans: In an artificial greenhouse, the radiations coming from the sun
can pass inside through the transparent glass but these radiations
cannot escape out. As a result, the temperature inside a greenhouse is a
lot more warm than the external surrounding temperature. So, this
temperature is suitable growing the summer vegetables even in winter.

54. Qn. 6)Write three main causes of greenhouse
effect.
Ans: Three main causes of
greenhouse effect are:
a) Cloud formation
b) Ozone layer depletion
c)Production of greenhouse gases

55. Qn. 7) Statistical data shows that the average temperature in
Nepal is increased by 0.06 °C every year. Write one main cause
and one effect of it in Nepal.
Ans: The main cause of increase in the average temperature is:
a) Deforestation and unmanaged urbanization
The main effect of this in context of Nepal is:
b) Melting of large amount of ice in the upper Himalayan region

56. Qn.8)Write any two effects of increase in quantity
of greenhouse gases in atmosphere.
Ans: Any two effects of increase in quantity of greenhouse gases in
atmosphere are:
a)Melting of glaciers
b)Alter in habitation and ecosystem

57. Qn. 9)Do acid rain and natural disasters occur
due to accumulation of greenhouse gases
produced by industries?
Ans: Yes, acid rain and natural disasters like flood occur due
to accumulation of greenhouse gases produced by industries.
When there’s a change in the climatic condition, rainfall pattern
and evaporation rate increases. This is likely to lead to intense
rainfall . Hurricanes will be more frequent and strong which may
?
cause flooding as well.

58. Qn. 10)How do greenhouse gases cause global
warming?
Ans: The accumulation of greenhouse
gases prevent the return of solar radiations
from the earth which causes the rise of
temperature of the earth surface which leads
to global warming.

59. Qn. 11 ) Write three ways to reduce greenhouse
effect.
Ans: Any three ways to reduce the accumulation of
greenhouse gases in atmosphere are:
a) Afforestation
b) Decrease in use of fossil fuels
c) Use of eco-friendly products

60. Qn. 12)Differentiate between natural greenhouse
and artificial greenhouse.
Natural greenhouse Artificial greenhouse
a a
)
It is created naturally. )
It is created by humans.
b) The greenhouse gases in the b) The transparent glass allows
atmosphere trap the solar the radiations to pass through
radiations to warm the and traps the radiations by
earth. not letting them escape.
c) It occupies a large area. c) It occupies a relatively small
area.
d) It creates the heating d) It creates the heating effect
effect in the whole earth. only in a certain specified
area.

61. Human, Oh, human
Please do something.
A little effort, a little care
Put on a little effort and there will
not be heat everywhere.
There are not many forests,
There are not many trees, Green
house effect, Oh stop it please!!!!
Stop littering, stop polluting
Stop throwing rubbish into the
sea;
The oceans are dying,
The earth is crying!!!!
Save the planet,
Save it please

63. We would like to heartily thank the Science
department especially Mr. Chintamani Panthee for assigning
such a informative project work. While doing this, we realized
that we ,humans are the main cause of accumulation of
greenhouse gases. Yet instead of realizing our mistakes we’re
busy putting the blame on others. We have made a promise
that we will do whatever we can and also motivate others to
work on this field. What about you…………………?
So once again Thank you…