Acid rain is rain that is more acidic than normal due to sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from the burning of fossil fuels and other sources. It damages buildings, statues, and other non-living materials as well as harms plants, animals, and humans. It also acidifies soils and lakes, affecting entire ecosystems. While scrubbers and converters can help reduce emissions, governments need policies to control pollution and transition to less polluting energy sources to mitigate the effects of acid rain on the environment.

1. . ACID RAIN

2. INTRODUCTION WHAT IS ACID RAIN? Acid rain is rain that is more acidic than normal. Acid rain's spread and damage involves weather, chemistry, soil, and the life cycles of plants and animals on the land and from acid rain in the water. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the major sources of acid rain.

3. Measurement of acidity of Rain

4. TYPES OF ACID RAIN ACID RAIN Wet Deposition Dry Deposition

5. Acid Rain Wet Deposition:- Wet deposition refers to acidic rain, fog, and snow. As this acidic water flows over and through the ground, it affects a variety of plants and animals. Dry Deposition:- Dry deposition refers to acidic gases and particles. About half of the acidity in the atmosphere falls back to earth through dry deposition

6. Burning coal, Oil and natural gas, in power stations makes electricity, giving off sulphur dioxide gas. Burning petrol and oil in vehicle engines gives off nitrogen oxides as gases. These gases mix with water vapour and rainwater in the atmosphere producing weak solutions of sulphuric and nitric acids – which fall as acid rain. CAUSES OF ACID RAIN

8. Effects Of Acid Rain Effects Of Acid Rain a). On Non-Living b). On Living c). On Soil

9. a). Effect on non-living The Taj Mahal in Agra, suffering from sulphur di oxide, sulphuric acid and other fumes pollutants released from Mathura Refinery. Acid Rain causes extensive damage to building, statues, bridges, & structural materials of marble, lime stone, etc.

10. b). Effects on Living The sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide gases, causes respiratory diseases like asthma, chronic bronchitis, etc. Tiny Particles cause difficulty in breathing for humans and animals & also lead to permanent lung damage . On Human Health

11. On Water Animals Acid Rain increases the acidity of lakes & rivers, which is directly effect the aquatic ecosystem.

12. c). On Trees & Soil Acid Rain dissolves all the nutrients and the useful minerals for the tree to grow. Weakens the process of photosynthesis. Acc. to modern researches, Acid Rain leaches potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc essential elements from the top of soil & When soil is contaminated, cereal (arable) production crops. Acids activate aluminium from the soil which leaches into water and fish die. Drinking water is contaminated.

13. Solution Of Acid Rain Fit scrubbers into factory’s chimneys, which are chemical filters that remove impurities such as sulphur from smoke. Cars can be fitted with special converters which remove dangerous chemicals. Governments need to spend more money on pollution control. Governments need to invest in researching different ways to produce energy.

14. CoNcLuSiOnS Acid rain is slowly destroying our planet. It is our responsibility to make sure that we protect the earth for future generations to enjoy. We should stop polluting, for example riding your car just to go to your neighbors five houses away from yours, or factories should have filters so that less pollution goes in the sky.

15. References R.K. Khitoliya (2007), Environmental pollution management & control for sustainable development. D.D. Mishra (2010), fundamental concept in Environmental Studies. Web sources :- www.wikipedia.com www.slideshare.net www. acidrain .org