Air Pollution is the release of gases, particles, biological molecules, etc. into the air that are harmful to human health and the environment.”
What is Air Pollution?
Air Pollution refers to the undesirable change occurring in air, causing harmful effects on man and domesticated species. The common air pollutants are Dust, Smoke, Carbon monoxide (CO), Ammonia (NH3), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Hydrogen cyanide, Hydrogen fluorides, Chlorines, Phosgenes, Arsines, Aldehydes, Ozone, Ionising, and radiations. CO2 is not a normal air pollutant. There is 0.03% CO2 in the air; its higher percentage is the cause of greenhouse effect.
Types of Air Pollutants
It is two types :
Primary Air Pollutants:
Air is polluted by poisonous gases and undesirable substances. They are released by burning fossil fuels. These substances are called primary air pollutants. The primary air pollutants are the following :
Sulphur dioxide (SO2).
Benzopyrene (hydrocarbon) is released from cigarette smoke.
Ammonia (NH3).
Oxides of nitrogen.
Carbon monoxide (CO).
Lead (Pb).
Secondary Air Pollutants
Secondary air pollutants are poisonous substances formed from primary air pollutants. In bright sunlight, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and O2 interact to produce more powerful photochemical oxidants like ozone (O3), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), aldehydes, sulphuric acid, peroxides, etc. All these constitute photochemical smog, which retard photosynthesis in plants.
Causes of Air Pollution
Agriculture: Hydrocarbons released by plants, pollen grains, insecticides, etc., cause air pollution.
Dust: Dust in the air is increased by dust storms, wind, volcanoes, automobiles, etc.
Industries: Combustion of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum, etc. Industrial smoke is the main source of pollution.
Automobiles: The combustion of petrol and diesel in automobiles releases harmful gases into the air. They also produce dust.
Ionizing radiations: Ionizing radiations include alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays. They are released into the air by testing atomic weapons.
Freons: The use of freons and other chloro-fluoro-carbon compounds in refrigerants, coolants, and as filling agents in aerosol also causes pollution.
Aerosols: Aerosols are small particles of all sorts of solid or liquid substances suspended in the air. They block the stomata of plants and prevent the gaseous exchanges between plants and the atmosphere. They may also change the climate of an area.
Effects of Air Pollution
Diseases
Air pollution results in several respiratory disorders and heart diseases in humans. In recent decades, the number of lung cancer cases has increased. Children living near polluted areas are more prone to pneumonia and asthma. Many people die each year due to air pollution's direct or indirect effects.
Global Warming
As a result of greenhouse gas emissions, there is an imbalance in the gaseous composition of the atmosphere. This led to
This document is a cross curricular project submitted by Group 3 of Class 10 at Navodaya Vidyalaya on the topic of environmental pollution for the 2013-14 academic session. It was guided by several teachers and contains an introduction, types of pollution like air, light, littering, noise, water, soil and thermal pollution. It provides details on each type including causes, effects and methods to control pollution. The project was certified by the school principal.
CBSE-Class 11 - Chemistry -Chapter 14-Environmental ChemistryAarti Soni
Environmental chemistry is the study of chemical phenomena that occur in natural environments and how human activity affects these phenomena. It involves understanding natural chemical concentrations and effects, in order to study human impacts. Major air pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and particulates produced from fossil fuel combustion. These primary pollutants can form secondary pollutants like ground-level ozone and acid rain through chemical reactions in the atmosphere. Air pollution is linked to various health issues and is a leading cause of noncommunicable diseases worldwide.
This a presentation about the Air pollution and its causes & effects for the educational uses
It describe the definitions, types, info diagrams, sources, effects, and their controls
I hope this science could be a benefit for anyone who search the information
This document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, soil, radioactive, noise, light, and visual pollution. It focuses on air pollution, describing primary and secondary pollutants. Major causes of air pollution are identified as overpopulation, urbanization, increasing traffic, industrialization, and energy consumption. Effects of air pollution include both chronic and acute human health impacts as well as environmental effects such as acid rain. Control of air pollution requires strategies like improving automotive emissions, afforestation, limiting open burning, anti-smoking efforts, legislation, and environmental education.
The document discusses air pollution, its causes and effects. It outlines the primary air pollutants such as particulate matter, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and fluorides. Secondary pollutants like photochemical smog and acid rain are also mentioned. Control methods for air pollution include the use of scrubbers, cyclonic separators and electrostatic precipitators to capture particulate matter, and combustion, absorption and adsorption techniques to control gaseous pollutants. The role of Central Pollution Control Board in regulating air pollution in India is highlighted.
Air pollution occurs when harmful gases, dust particles, fumes or odors are introduced into Earth's atmosphere. It can be caused by both natural occurrences like volcanic eruptions and forest fires, as well as human activities such as burning fossil fuels for transportation, manufacturing emissions from factories and power plants, and use of household chemicals. Effects of air pollution include damage to vegetation from acid rain, algae blooms in water bodies caused by excess nutrients, increased ozone near ground level which can harm humans and animals, and various respiratory and heart problems for people exposed to particulate matter.
The document discusses various sources and effects of air pollution. It describes how burning fossil fuels from industries, automobiles, and power plants releases pollutants like carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides into the air. This leads to issues like acid rain, photochemical smog, and global warming. Air pollution damages the environment, climate, plants, animals, and human health, causing problems like acidification of soils and water sources, reduced visibility, and respiratory illnesses. The text provides details on the formation and harmful impacts of acid rain and photochemical smog. Overall, the document analyzes the causes and wide-ranging consequences of air pollution from various human and industrial activities.
This document discusses various types of air and water pollution. It begins by defining air pollution as the contamination of air by unwanted substances that have harmful effects. Major sources of air pollution are identified as vehicles, industries, biomass burning, and fossil fuel combustion. Effects of air pollution like acid rain, ozone layer depletion, and global warming are explained. Indoor air pollution from biomass burning is highlighted as a major issue for developing countries. Water pollution is defined as the addition of harmful substances to water bodies. Untreated sewage, industrial waste, and agricultural runoff are identified as primary sources of water pollution, which can contaminate drinking water and harm aquatic life. Methods of water purification like filtration, boiling, and chlorination
This document is a cross curricular project submitted by Group 3 of Class 10 at Navodaya Vidyalaya on the topic of environmental pollution for the 2013-14 academic session. It was guided by several teachers and contains an introduction, types of pollution like air, light, littering, noise, water, soil and thermal pollution. It provides details on each type including causes, effects and methods to control pollution. The project was certified by the school principal.
CBSE-Class 11 - Chemistry -Chapter 14-Environmental ChemistryAarti Soni
Environmental chemistry is the study of chemical phenomena that occur in natural environments and how human activity affects these phenomena. It involves understanding natural chemical concentrations and effects, in order to study human impacts. Major air pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and particulates produced from fossil fuel combustion. These primary pollutants can form secondary pollutants like ground-level ozone and acid rain through chemical reactions in the atmosphere. Air pollution is linked to various health issues and is a leading cause of noncommunicable diseases worldwide.
This a presentation about the Air pollution and its causes & effects for the educational uses
It describe the definitions, types, info diagrams, sources, effects, and their controls
I hope this science could be a benefit for anyone who search the information
This document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, soil, radioactive, noise, light, and visual pollution. It focuses on air pollution, describing primary and secondary pollutants. Major causes of air pollution are identified as overpopulation, urbanization, increasing traffic, industrialization, and energy consumption. Effects of air pollution include both chronic and acute human health impacts as well as environmental effects such as acid rain. Control of air pollution requires strategies like improving automotive emissions, afforestation, limiting open burning, anti-smoking efforts, legislation, and environmental education.
The document discusses air pollution, its causes and effects. It outlines the primary air pollutants such as particulate matter, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and fluorides. Secondary pollutants like photochemical smog and acid rain are also mentioned. Control methods for air pollution include the use of scrubbers, cyclonic separators and electrostatic precipitators to capture particulate matter, and combustion, absorption and adsorption techniques to control gaseous pollutants. The role of Central Pollution Control Board in regulating air pollution in India is highlighted.
Air pollution occurs when harmful gases, dust particles, fumes or odors are introduced into Earth's atmosphere. It can be caused by both natural occurrences like volcanic eruptions and forest fires, as well as human activities such as burning fossil fuels for transportation, manufacturing emissions from factories and power plants, and use of household chemicals. Effects of air pollution include damage to vegetation from acid rain, algae blooms in water bodies caused by excess nutrients, increased ozone near ground level which can harm humans and animals, and various respiratory and heart problems for people exposed to particulate matter.
The document discusses various sources and effects of air pollution. It describes how burning fossil fuels from industries, automobiles, and power plants releases pollutants like carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides into the air. This leads to issues like acid rain, photochemical smog, and global warming. Air pollution damages the environment, climate, plants, animals, and human health, causing problems like acidification of soils and water sources, reduced visibility, and respiratory illnesses. The text provides details on the formation and harmful impacts of acid rain and photochemical smog. Overall, the document analyzes the causes and wide-ranging consequences of air pollution from various human and industrial activities.
This document discusses various types of air and water pollution. It begins by defining air pollution as the contamination of air by unwanted substances that have harmful effects. Major sources of air pollution are identified as vehicles, industries, biomass burning, and fossil fuel combustion. Effects of air pollution like acid rain, ozone layer depletion, and global warming are explained. Indoor air pollution from biomass burning is highlighted as a major issue for developing countries. Water pollution is defined as the addition of harmful substances to water bodies. Untreated sewage, industrial waste, and agricultural runoff are identified as primary sources of water pollution, which can contaminate drinking water and harm aquatic life. Methods of water purification like filtration, boiling, and chlorination
Pollution occurs when economic gains are prioritized over environmental protection. It has contaminated the air, water, and land on which life depends through waste products from human activity. Pollutants can be classified as degradable, slowly degradable/persistent, or non-degradable. Air pollution in particular has detrimental effects on human health and has been a problem since the industrial revolution, though control measures have helped improve conditions in some areas.
This document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, and soil pollution. It defines each type of pollution and identifies major pollutants. For air pollution, it outlines primary and secondary pollutants as well as six major primary pollutants (nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, particulates, photochemical oxidants, and sulfur dioxide). It also discusses the sources and effects of each type of pollution and methods for controlling pollution.
Important Notes - 10th Science - Striving for Better EnvironmentEdnexa
This document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, and soil pollution. It focuses on air pollution, describing the main sources as transportation, industry, agriculture, and various types of burning. The effects of air pollution are discussed, including both short-term impacts like respiratory issues, and long-term impacts like cardiovascular disease and cancer. Acid rain and ozone layer depletion are also summarized as major environmental issues caused by air pollution.
This document discusses various topics related to pollution including the definition of pollution, types of pollutants, effects of pollution, and nature's mechanisms for treating pollutants. It focuses specifically on air pollution, describing its history, sources, types of air pollutants, effects on living organisms, and control measures. Pollution occurs due to undesirable contamination of the environment from human activities. Air pollution can be controlled through preventive techniques like installing equipment to remove particles and treating gaseous pollutants, as well as through effluent control measures.
This document discusses various types and causes of environmental pollution including air, water, and soil pollution. It provides details on major pollutants like carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter that cause air pollution. Water pollution is caused by disposal of sewage, industrial effluents and agricultural runoff, and affects both human and ecosystem health. Soil pollution occurs from improper waste disposal and use of chemicals in agriculture. The document emphasizes the need for better pollution control and prevention measures.
Dr. B. Victor presented on air pollution. He discussed different types of pollution sources and air pollutants. Some key effects of air pollution include damage to health, vegetation, and structures. Increased carbon dioxide contributes to global warming and climate change through the greenhouse effect. Air pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can cause acid rain when dissolved in water, harming aquatic life and soil.
This document provides an introduction to air pollution presented by Capt. Adib Bin Rashid. It defines air pollution and discusses the types and sources, including the burning of fossil fuels, agricultural activities, exhaust from factories and industries, mining operations, and indoor air pollution. Major air pollutants like sulfur dioxide and effects like respiratory and heart problems, global warming, acid rain, and depletion of the ozone layer are explained. Solutions to air pollution like using public transportation and conserving energy are also provided.
The document discusses several topics related to air pollution and global warming including:
1) It describes different types of air pollution such as smog and their causes.
2) Health effects of air pollution include respiratory diseases and damage to plants and aquatic life.
3) Global warming is caused by increased greenhouse gases from human activities and can lead to issues like rising sea levels and more extreme weather.
4) Solutions discussed include international agreements to reduce emissions and transition to cleaner energy sources.
Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials into the atmosphere that can cause harm to humans and the environment. It is caused by both natural sources like volcanoes and wildfires, as well as anthropogenic sources including industrial facilities, vehicle emissions, and agriculture. Major air pollutants are sulfur and nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds. Air pollution has been shown to increase risks of respiratory and cardiac disease and is estimated to cause millions of premature deaths worldwide each year.
The document discusses various types of air pollution including sulfur dioxide (SO2). It notes that SO2 is produced by volcanoes and industrial processes involving coal and petroleum. The burning of these fossil fuels that contain sulfur compounds generates SO2. It is a colorless gas that has significant health and environmental effects such as acid rain formation and impacting human health by burning lung tissues upon inhalation. Chronic exposure to high SO2 levels can cause respiratory illnesses like asthma and bronchitis as well as heart disease, especially in vulnerable groups like children.
The document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, land, noise, and radiation pollution. It provides details on air pollution, including causes such as natural factors and human activities. Various air pollutants are defined including primary and secondary pollutants. Sources and effects of air pollution are described along with methods to control air pollution. Greenhouse effect, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, and water pollution are also summarized.
This document discusses air pollution and its various aspects. It begins with an introduction to the atmosphere and how air pollution affects living organisms. It then covers classifications of air pollutants based on origin and composition. Sources of air pollution are discussed as natural sources like volcanic eruptions and forest fires, and man-made sources such as industries, vehicles, and agriculture. Common air pollutants like oxides of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur are described along with their sources, effects, and control measures. Particulate matter is also discussed regarding its sources, effects, and methods to control emissions.
Air pollution from fossil fuel power stations and vehicle emissions contains chemicals like nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons that can form ground-level ozone and particulate matter through photochemical reactions. These pollutants present health risks and contribute to issues like acid rain and reduced air quality. Particulate matter less than 1 micrometer can remain suspended in the air for long periods and travel long distances, making air pollution a continental and global problem. Chemical pollution also affects water and soil through activities like burning fossil fuels and overuse of fertilizers and pesticides. Prevention efforts include using alternative fuels and more sustainable agricultural practices.
This document discusses the types and sources of air pollution. It categorizes air pollution into two types based on origin: primary pollutants that enter the air directly from a source, and secondary pollutants that are created through chemical reactions in the atmosphere. Major sources of air pollution include stationary combustion sources like power plants that burn fossil fuels, mobile combustion sources like vehicles, and industrial processes. The document outlines the major gaseous pollutants like sulfur and nitrogen oxides, and particulate pollutants like smoke, dust, and aerosols. It discusses the impacts of air pollution like acid rain, eutrophication, and greenhouse effects.
This document is a seminar report submitted by Kavaki Vidya Latha on the topic of air pollution. It includes an abstract, table of contents, and sections on defining air pollution, identifying primary and secondary pollutants, listing sources of air pollution, discussing indoor air quality and various health effects of air pollution, particularly on children. It also covers emission factors, reduction efforts, and control devices to address air pollution.
This is the fourth slideshow in a series for Unit 4 VCE Environmental Science. It discusses the factors contributing to air pollution, the sources and sinks and the human and environmental health effects.
This document provides notes on various types of pollution, including air, water, noise, marine, thermal, and solid waste pollution. It discusses key topics like primary and secondary air pollutants, effects of different pollutants, and prevention and control measures. The main air pollutants described are carbon monoxide, sulfur and nitrogen oxides, chlorofluorocarbons, ozone, smog, para acetyl nitrate, and acid rain. Secondary pollutants formed from chemical reactions between primary pollutants in the air are also explained.
Air pollution; presentation by Subrat, Vishal, Ashley.. Project Guide: Dr. Ta...Dr. Tanuja Nautiyal
Air pollution is the introduction of particulates, biological molecules, or other harmful gases into Earth's atmosphere, causing disease, death to humans, damage to other living organisms such as food crops, or the natural or built environment.
This document discusses different types of pollution including air, water, and land pollution. It defines air pollution as atmospheric conditions with undesirable substances that affect humans and the environment. Sources of air pollution include natural sources like dust storms and volcanoes, as well as man-made sources from industry, automobiles, agriculture, and domestic activities. Major air pollutants discussed are ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, and their health effects. The document also examines causes, sources, and effects of water pollution from point sources like waste water and non-point sources like agricultural runoff. Causes and consequences of land pollution from construction, agriculture, domestic waste, and industry are outlined.
Pollution occurs when economic gains are prioritized over environmental protection. It has contaminated the air, water, and land on which life depends through waste products from human activity. Pollutants can be classified as degradable, slowly degradable/persistent, or non-degradable. Air pollution in particular has detrimental effects on human health and has been a problem since the industrial revolution, though control measures have helped improve conditions in some areas.
This document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, and soil pollution. It defines each type of pollution and identifies major pollutants. For air pollution, it outlines primary and secondary pollutants as well as six major primary pollutants (nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, particulates, photochemical oxidants, and sulfur dioxide). It also discusses the sources and effects of each type of pollution and methods for controlling pollution.
Important Notes - 10th Science - Striving for Better EnvironmentEdnexa
This document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, and soil pollution. It focuses on air pollution, describing the main sources as transportation, industry, agriculture, and various types of burning. The effects of air pollution are discussed, including both short-term impacts like respiratory issues, and long-term impacts like cardiovascular disease and cancer. Acid rain and ozone layer depletion are also summarized as major environmental issues caused by air pollution.
This document discusses various topics related to pollution including the definition of pollution, types of pollutants, effects of pollution, and nature's mechanisms for treating pollutants. It focuses specifically on air pollution, describing its history, sources, types of air pollutants, effects on living organisms, and control measures. Pollution occurs due to undesirable contamination of the environment from human activities. Air pollution can be controlled through preventive techniques like installing equipment to remove particles and treating gaseous pollutants, as well as through effluent control measures.
This document discusses various types and causes of environmental pollution including air, water, and soil pollution. It provides details on major pollutants like carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter that cause air pollution. Water pollution is caused by disposal of sewage, industrial effluents and agricultural runoff, and affects both human and ecosystem health. Soil pollution occurs from improper waste disposal and use of chemicals in agriculture. The document emphasizes the need for better pollution control and prevention measures.
Dr. B. Victor presented on air pollution. He discussed different types of pollution sources and air pollutants. Some key effects of air pollution include damage to health, vegetation, and structures. Increased carbon dioxide contributes to global warming and climate change through the greenhouse effect. Air pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can cause acid rain when dissolved in water, harming aquatic life and soil.
This document provides an introduction to air pollution presented by Capt. Adib Bin Rashid. It defines air pollution and discusses the types and sources, including the burning of fossil fuels, agricultural activities, exhaust from factories and industries, mining operations, and indoor air pollution. Major air pollutants like sulfur dioxide and effects like respiratory and heart problems, global warming, acid rain, and depletion of the ozone layer are explained. Solutions to air pollution like using public transportation and conserving energy are also provided.
The document discusses several topics related to air pollution and global warming including:
1) It describes different types of air pollution such as smog and their causes.
2) Health effects of air pollution include respiratory diseases and damage to plants and aquatic life.
3) Global warming is caused by increased greenhouse gases from human activities and can lead to issues like rising sea levels and more extreme weather.
4) Solutions discussed include international agreements to reduce emissions and transition to cleaner energy sources.
Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials into the atmosphere that can cause harm to humans and the environment. It is caused by both natural sources like volcanoes and wildfires, as well as anthropogenic sources including industrial facilities, vehicle emissions, and agriculture. Major air pollutants are sulfur and nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds. Air pollution has been shown to increase risks of respiratory and cardiac disease and is estimated to cause millions of premature deaths worldwide each year.
The document discusses various types of air pollution including sulfur dioxide (SO2). It notes that SO2 is produced by volcanoes and industrial processes involving coal and petroleum. The burning of these fossil fuels that contain sulfur compounds generates SO2. It is a colorless gas that has significant health and environmental effects such as acid rain formation and impacting human health by burning lung tissues upon inhalation. Chronic exposure to high SO2 levels can cause respiratory illnesses like asthma and bronchitis as well as heart disease, especially in vulnerable groups like children.
The document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, land, noise, and radiation pollution. It provides details on air pollution, including causes such as natural factors and human activities. Various air pollutants are defined including primary and secondary pollutants. Sources and effects of air pollution are described along with methods to control air pollution. Greenhouse effect, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, and water pollution are also summarized.
This document discusses air pollution and its various aspects. It begins with an introduction to the atmosphere and how air pollution affects living organisms. It then covers classifications of air pollutants based on origin and composition. Sources of air pollution are discussed as natural sources like volcanic eruptions and forest fires, and man-made sources such as industries, vehicles, and agriculture. Common air pollutants like oxides of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur are described along with their sources, effects, and control measures. Particulate matter is also discussed regarding its sources, effects, and methods to control emissions.
Air pollution from fossil fuel power stations and vehicle emissions contains chemicals like nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons that can form ground-level ozone and particulate matter through photochemical reactions. These pollutants present health risks and contribute to issues like acid rain and reduced air quality. Particulate matter less than 1 micrometer can remain suspended in the air for long periods and travel long distances, making air pollution a continental and global problem. Chemical pollution also affects water and soil through activities like burning fossil fuels and overuse of fertilizers and pesticides. Prevention efforts include using alternative fuels and more sustainable agricultural practices.
This document discusses the types and sources of air pollution. It categorizes air pollution into two types based on origin: primary pollutants that enter the air directly from a source, and secondary pollutants that are created through chemical reactions in the atmosphere. Major sources of air pollution include stationary combustion sources like power plants that burn fossil fuels, mobile combustion sources like vehicles, and industrial processes. The document outlines the major gaseous pollutants like sulfur and nitrogen oxides, and particulate pollutants like smoke, dust, and aerosols. It discusses the impacts of air pollution like acid rain, eutrophication, and greenhouse effects.
This document is a seminar report submitted by Kavaki Vidya Latha on the topic of air pollution. It includes an abstract, table of contents, and sections on defining air pollution, identifying primary and secondary pollutants, listing sources of air pollution, discussing indoor air quality and various health effects of air pollution, particularly on children. It also covers emission factors, reduction efforts, and control devices to address air pollution.
This is the fourth slideshow in a series for Unit 4 VCE Environmental Science. It discusses the factors contributing to air pollution, the sources and sinks and the human and environmental health effects.
This document provides notes on various types of pollution, including air, water, noise, marine, thermal, and solid waste pollution. It discusses key topics like primary and secondary air pollutants, effects of different pollutants, and prevention and control measures. The main air pollutants described are carbon monoxide, sulfur and nitrogen oxides, chlorofluorocarbons, ozone, smog, para acetyl nitrate, and acid rain. Secondary pollutants formed from chemical reactions between primary pollutants in the air are also explained.
Air pollution; presentation by Subrat, Vishal, Ashley.. Project Guide: Dr. Ta...Dr. Tanuja Nautiyal
Air pollution is the introduction of particulates, biological molecules, or other harmful gases into Earth's atmosphere, causing disease, death to humans, damage to other living organisms such as food crops, or the natural or built environment.
This document discusses different types of pollution including air, water, and land pollution. It defines air pollution as atmospheric conditions with undesirable substances that affect humans and the environment. Sources of air pollution include natural sources like dust storms and volcanoes, as well as man-made sources from industry, automobiles, agriculture, and domestic activities. Major air pollutants discussed are ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, and their health effects. The document also examines causes, sources, and effects of water pollution from point sources like waste water and non-point sources like agricultural runoff. Causes and consequences of land pollution from construction, agriculture, domestic waste, and industry are outlined.
Similar to Air Pollution- Definition, Types, Causes, Effects, Control Physics Wallah.pdf (20)
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
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Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Air Pollution- Definition, Types, Causes, Effects, Control Physics Wallah.pdf
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Home / Biology Articles / Air Pollution
AIR POLLUTION
Biology Articles
Air Pollution is the release of gases, particles, biological molecules, etc. into the air
that are harmful to human health and the environment.”
Table of Content
What is Air Pollution?
Types of Air Pollutants
Causes of Air Pollution
Effects of Air Pollution
Air Pollution Control
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is Air Pollution?
Air Pollution refers to the undesirable change occurring in air, causing harmful effects
on man and domesticated species. The common air pollutants are Dust, Smoke,
Carbon monoxide (CO), Ammonia (NH ), Sulphur dioxide (SO ), Hydrogen sulphide
(H S), Nitrogen dioxide (NO ), Hydrogen cyanide, Hydrogen fluorides, Chlorines,
Phosgenes, Arsines, Aldehydes, Ozone, Ionising, and radiations. CO is not a normal
air pollutant. There is 0.03% CO in the air; its higher percentage is the cause of
greenhouse effect.
Types of Air Pollutants
It is two types :
1. Primary Air Pollutants:
Air is polluted by poisonous gases and undesirable substances. They are released by
burning fossil fuels. These substances are called primary air pollutants. The primary air
pollutants are the following :
Sulphur dioxide (SO ).
Benzopyrene (hydrocarbon) is released from cigarette smoke.
Ammonia (NH ).
Oxides of nitrogen.
Carbon monoxide (CO).
Lead (Pb).
2. Secondary Air Pollutants
Secondary air pollutants are poisonous substances formed from primary air pollutants.
In bright sunlight, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and O interact to produce
more powerful photochemical oxidants like ozone (O ), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN),
aldehydes, sulphuric acid, peroxides, etc. All these constitute photochemical smog,
which retard photosynthesis in plants.
Causes of Air Pollution
1. Agriculture: Hydrocarbons released by plants, pollen grains, insecticides, etc.,
cause air pollution.
2. Dust: Dust in the air is increased by dust storms, wind, volcanoes, automobiles,
etc.
3. Industries: Combustion of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum, etc. Industrial smoke is
the main source of pollution.
4. Automobiles: The combustion of petrol and diesel in automobiles releases
harmful gases into the air. They also produce dust.
5. Ionizing radiations: Ionizing radiations include alpha particles, beta particles and
gamma rays. They are released into the air by testing atomic weapons.
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2. 6. Freons: The use of freons and other chloro-fluoro-carbon compounds in
refrigerants, coolants, and as filling agents in aerosol also causes pollution.
7. Aerosols: Aerosols are small particles of all sorts of solid or liquid substances
suspended in the air. They block the stomata of plants and prevent the gaseous
exchanges between plants and the atmosphere. They may also change the
climate of an area.
Effects of Air Pollution
1. Diseases
Air pollution results in several respiratory disorders and heart diseases in humans. In
recent decades, the number of lung cancer cases has increased. Children living near
polluted areas are more prone to pneumonia and asthma. Many people die each year
due to air pollution's direct or indirect effects.
2. Global Warming
As a result of greenhouse gas emissions, there is an imbalance in the gaseous
composition of the atmosphere. This led to an increase in the Earth's temperature. This
increase in Earth's temperature is known as global warming. This resulted in melting
glaciers and rising sea levels. Many areas are submerged under water.
3. Ozone Layer Depletion
In the atmosphere, about 30 km above the surface of the earth, the ozone molecules
(O ) form an umbrella. It prevents the penetration of harmful ultraviolet radiation from
the sun and thus protects the life of the earth. It is now feared that there is a danger of
depletion of the ozone umbrella, which may occur by the use of freons and other CFC-
compounds in refrigerants, coolants in domestic refrigerators and cold storage
facilities, and as filling agents in the form of plastics and in aerosol packages. On
reaching the ozone umbrella, they destroy ozone molecules as a result of
photochemical reactions. Over the past 16 years, the density of the ozone layer has
been diminishing at an average rate of 3%. It is calculated that the depletion of the
ozone layer by 1% results in an increase in the incidence of skin cancer by 5% to 7%.
A hole in O layer has been discovered in Antarctica.
4. Acid rain
One of the major environmental issues facing human society at the national and
international level is the problem of rainwater having a low pH. The rainwater is always
slightly acidic as CO in the atmosphere gets dissolved in it. However, during recent
years, it has been noted a further lowering of the pH of rainwater, often as low as 2.4.
This lowering of pH is due to the dissolution of acids in the rainwater. Precipitation of
oxides of sulphur and nitrogen with rain is termed acid rain. Acid rain is caused by air
pollution. When atmospheric air contains sulphur dioxide (SO ) and oxides of nitrogen
such as nitrous oxide (N O) and nitric oxide (NO), they dissolve in rainwater, forming
sulphuric acid and nitric acid. The rainwater falls as acid rain. The main source of
releasing oxides of sulphur and nitrogen are the power plants based on coal and oil.
They contribute more than 60% of all sulphur oxides and 25 to 30% of nitrogen oxides
in the atmosphere. Automobiles make a substantial contribution to large cities. Ozone
is now recognized as a major factor in the formation of acid rain.
Acid rain affects both materials and organisms. It attacks building materials, principally
sandstone, limestone, marble, steel, and nickel. In plants, it leads to chlorosis (gradual
yellowing in which the chlorophyll-making mechanism is impeded) or depigmentation
of leaves. The concentration of SO in the atmosphere is around 0.01 ppm.
Acid rain increases the acidity of lakes and rivers. Vast tracts of forests and lakes in
Europe and North America have been destroyed by acid rain. Acidity kills fish,
bacteria, and algae, and the aquatic ecosystem collapses into sterility, leaving a crystal
clear but ultimately dead lake.
Air Pollution Control
1. The emission of exhaust from automobiles can be reduced by devices such as
positive crankcase ventilation valves and catalytic converters.
2. Electrostatic precipitators can reduce smoke and dust from industries.
3. Gaseous pollutants arising from industries can be removed by the differential
solubility of gases in water.
4. A fine pray of water in the device called a scrubber can separate many gases like
NH , SO , etc. from the emitted exhaust.
5. Certain gases can be removed by filtration or absorption through activated
charcoal.
6. Certain gases can be made chemically inert by chemical conversion.
7. At the Government level, pollution can be controlled by framing legislation.
8. Vehicles based on compressed natural gas (CNG) should be introduced.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
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3. Q1. What are the 5 sources of air pollution?
Ans. We have listed 5 common air pollution causes along with the effects that have
serious implications for your health on a daily basis.
1. The Burning of Fossil Fuels
2. Industrial Emission
3. Indoor Air Pollution
4. Wildfires
5. Transportation
Q2. What causes of Air pollution?
Ans. The few causes of air pollution are:
The Burning of Fossil Fuels
Agricultural Activities
Waste in Landfills
Exhaust From Factories and Industries
Mining Operations
Indoor Air Pollution
Q3. Who is most responsible air pollution?
Ans. Manufacturing industries, mining, and coal- and gas-fired power stations are
responsible for polluting the atmosphere.
Q4. How do we prevent air pollution?
Ans. Few are the points to prevent air pollution
Drive your car less
Keep your car in good repair
Turn off your engine
Don't burn your garbage
Stop having campfires in the city
Plant and care for trees
Q5. Can pollution be controlled?
Ans. If everyone realizes the hazards, it may cooperate and create to get rid of it;
pollution may be controlled.
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