The document discusses the present perfect tense and its three main uses: experience, change, and continuing situations. It provides examples of how to form the present perfect tense affirmatively, negatively, and interrogatively. It also discusses the uses of "just", "already", "yet", "since", and "for" with the present perfect tense. The key points are that the present perfect tense is used to talk about experience, change or new information, and continuing situations from the past that are still relevant to the present. It also explains how to properly structure sentences using the present perfect tense.

1. PRESENT
PERFECT TENSE

2. There are basically three uses for the present
perfect tense:
-Experience
-Change
-Continuing Situation

3. Present perfect tense for experience
We often use the present perfect tense to talk
about experience from the past. We are not
interested in when you did something. We only want
to know if you did it.

4. Present perfect tense for change
We also use the present perfect tense to talk
about a change or new information.

5. Present perfect tense for continuing situation
We often use the present perfect tense to talk
about a continuing situation. This is a state
that started in the past and continues in the
present (and will probably continue into the
future). This is a state (not an action). We usually
use for or since with this structure.

6. Affirmative
Subject + Have/Has + Past participle (V3)
-He/She/It has drunk water.
-I/You/We/They have played football.

7. Negative
Subject + Have/Has + not + Past Participle (V3)
-I/You/We/They haven’t played football.
-He/She/It hasn’t drunk water.

8. Interrogative
Have/Has + Subject + Past Participle (V3)
-Has he/she/it eaten anything?
-Have you/we/they seen the film?

9. JUST/ALREADY/YET
‘Just’ is usually used only with the present perfect tense and it means
‘a short time ago’. It comes between the auxiliary verb (‘have’) and the
past participle.
-I have just seen Susan
-Mike has just called.
‘Already’ is used to say that something has happened early or earlier
than it might have happened. It usually comes in mid-position.
-I’ve already spent my salary.
-The train has already left.
‘Yet’ is used to talk about something which is expected to happen. It
means ‘at any time up to now’. It comes at the end of the sentence.
-Have you finished your homework yet?
-I haven’t done my homework yet.

10. SINCE/FOR
We often use since and for when talking about time.
Since + Point
A point is a precise moment in time, for example: 9 o'clock,
Monday, January. Since means "from a point in the past
until now."

11. For + Period
A period is a duration of time, for example:
5 minutes, 2 weeks, 6 years. For means
"from the beginning of the period until
the end of the period."

13. Been To/Gone To
We use 'been' to mean that the person being
talked about has visited the place, and come
back. Notice the preposition 'to':
-I have been to Paris (in my life, but now I'm in
London, where I live).
-She has been to school today (but now she's
back at home).

14. We use 'gone' to mean that the person is at
the place now:
-Where is John? He has gone to the bank.
(He is at the bank now.)
-Julie has gone to Mexico
(She is in Mexico now.)

15. Teacher: GİZEM CEYLAN