This document summarizes common disorders of the gastrointestinal (GIT) system, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, gastritis, diarrhea, constipation, Crohn's disease, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It provides details on the causes, symptoms, and characteristics of each condition. The disorders can cause disruptions to the normally effective digestive system and result in issues like chest pain, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and changes in bowel movements. The document serves as an overview of several gastrointestinal tract disorders for educational purposes.

1. Human Anatomy and Physiology-II
Digestive system
(GIT Disorders)
Mr N.JEGAN
Associate Professor
K.M.COLLEGE OF PHARMACY.
MADURAI.

2. Disorders of GIT
Most of the time, the digestive system works
very effectively.
However, there are some things that can
happen to cause disruptions.

4. 1.GERD
2.Peptic ulcer
3. Gastritis
4.Diarrhea
5.Constipation
6. Vomiting
7. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

5. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
It is a digestive disorder that occurs when
acidic stomach juices, or food and fluids back up
from the stomach into the esophagus.
Symptoms:
Burning pain in the chest
Belching
Heartburn
Nausea

6. Peptic ulcers
Peptic ulcers are sores that develop in the
lining of the stomach, lower esophagus, or small
intestine.
Due to stomach acid damages the lining of
the digestive tract or inflammation caused by the
bacteria H. pylori.
Symptom:
Pain in chest or upper abdomen
Belching
heartburn,
Indigestion
nausea and Vomiting
passing excessive amounts of gas

7. Gastritis
It is an inflammation, irritation, or erosion of
the lining of the stomach.
Causes include infection, injury, regular use of
pain pills called NSAIDs and too much alcohol.
Symptoms:
Pain in chest or upper abdomen
Belching
heartburn,
Indigestion
nausea and Vomiting

8. Diarrhea
Diarrhea is the Loose, watery stools that
occur more frequently than usual.
This condition may result in severe
dehydration.
Weakness
Stomach pain

9. Constipation
It is a condition in which there is difficulty
in emptying the bowels, usually associated with
hardened faeces.
Symptoms
Difficulty passing stool
Pain and cramping in the abdomen
Nausea
loss of appetite

10. Crohn's disease
A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects
the lining of the digestive tract.
It causes inflammation of your digestive tract,
which can lead to abdominal pain, severe diarrhea,
fatigue, weight loss and malnutrition.

11. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
“Abdominal discomfort associated with altered
bowel habits".
It is a common disorder that affects the large
intestine.
The cause of irritable bowel syndrome isn't well
understood.
Symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating,
diarrhoea and constipation.

12. Thanking you