2. Electricity generated through gas
1 - 2. Natural gas pumped into gas turbine and mixed with air.
3. It is burned, converting its chemical energy into heat energy. Heat makes combustion
gas expand causes build-up of pressure.
4. Pressure drives combustion gas over blades of gas turbine, causing it to spin,
converting heat energy into mechanical energy. Shaft connects gas turbine to gas
turbine generator, when turbine spins, generator does too. Generator uses
electromagnetic field to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
5. Passing through gas turbine, still-hot combustion gas is piped to heat recovery steam
generator.
6. It used to heat pipes full of water, turning water to steam, before escaping through
exhaust stack.
7. Natural gas burns very cleanly, but stack is still built tall so that exhaust gas plume
can disperse before it touches ground. This ensures that it does not affect the quality of
air around station.
3. Electricity generated through gas
8. Hot steam expands in pipes, so when it emerges it is under high pressure. Highpressure steam jets spin steam turbine.
9. Steam turbine is connected by shaft to steam turbine generator, which converts
turbine’s mechanical energy into electrical energy.
10 - 11 Passing through turbine, steam comes into contact with pipes full of cold water.
Cold pipes cool steam so that it condenses back into water. It piped back to heat
recovery steam generator to be reused.
12. Transformer converts electrical energy from generator to high voltage. National grids
uses high voltages to transmit electricity efficiently through power lines to homes
13. Other transformers reduce the voltage back down to usable level.
6. Electricity generated through oil
1. Oil is piped into boiler.
2. Oi is burned, converting its chemical energy into heat energy, turning into steam.
3. Pressure drives steam over blades, converting heat energy into mechanical energy.
4. Generator uses electromagnetic field to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
5. Passing through turbine, steam comes into contact with pipes full of cold water. Cold pipes
cool steam so that it condenses back into water. It is then piped back to boiler, where it can
be heated up again.
6. Transformer converts electrical energy from generator to high voltage.
7. National grid uses high voltages to transmit electricity through power lines to homes.
Other transformers reduce the voltage back down to usable level.
8. Burning oil produces exhaust gases. These are piped from boiler to exhaust stack, which
contains equipment that filters out any particles, before venting into atmosphere.
9. Stack is built tall, exhaust gas plume can disperse before touches ground.
7.
8. Oil
Advantages:
●
●
●
Can have many uses
A lot of energy
Reliable (short-term)
Disadvantages:
●
●
●
Non-renewable
Waste Products
Harmful spills
possible
9. Electricity generated through coal
1. Coal ground to fine powder and blown into boiler
2. Coal burned, converting its chemical energy into heat energy.
3. Burning coal produces ash and exhaust gases. The ash removed by ash systems
4. Gases enter exhaust stack, there is equipment that filters out any dust and ash.
5. Exhaust stacks built tall, exhaust plume can disperse before touches ground.
6. Burning coal heats water in pipes coiled around boiler, turning it into steam. Pressure drives
steam over blades of steam turbine, causing it to spin, converting heat energy into mechanical
energy.
7. Shaft connects steam turbine to turbine generator, when turbine spins, generator spins.
Generator uses electromagnetic field to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
8. After passing through turbine, steam comes into contact with pipes full of cold water. Cold
pipes cool steam so that it condenses back into water. It is piped back to boiler, where it can be
heated up again, turn into steam again, and keep turbine turning.
9. Transformer converts electrical energy from generator to high voltage. National grid uses
high voltages to transmit electricity efficiently through power lines to homes.
10. Transformers reduce voltage back down to usable level.
12. Energy generated in Estonia
●
●
Electricity in Estonia is
mostly generated by Eesti
Energia (Estonian Energy).
Each year, about 9 -13
million tons of oil shale is
delivered to the power
plants of Narva by the
railway.
13. Oil shale inside the power plant
●
Oil shale is transported through many loading stations inside
the power plant and is then taken to impact crushers.
●
Impact crushers break oil shale into small pieces of 25 mm.
●
After it is crushed, oil shale is transported to the boiler.
●
The oil shale travels nearly 950 metres inside the power
plant before reaching the boiler.
14. Oil shale inside the boiler
●
●
●
Electricity is produced in energy production units. Each of these
units consists of two boilers, a turbine and 7 km of pipes.
Eesti and Balti power plants, both owned by Eesti Energia and
located in Narva, are the most powerful power plants in the world,
that work on oil shale.
When every boiler is working, Eesti power plant can generate 1615
MW of electricity and Balti power plant 765 MW of electricity in just
one hour.
15. Romania energy
●
●
Romania has oil and gas
reserves, substantial coal
deposits.
Romania imports oil and gas
from Russia and other
countries.
