This document summarizes gait assessment, which involves analyzing the positions and motions of body segments during walking. It describes the phases of gait and methods for kinematic gait assessment, including observational gait analysis using video from different views and motion analysis systems using cameras and sensors. Key kinematic and spatiotemporal parameters that are assessed are identified, such as step length, stride duration, joint angles, and ground reaction forces. Adaptability of gait is also evaluated using tools like the Dynamic Gait Index to assess fall risk.

1. GAIT ASSESSMENT

2. GAIT
• Defined as transalatory progression of the body as a whole produced
by the coordinated, rotatory movements of body segments.

3. Phases of gait

4. ASSESSMENT
Kinematics
Spatiotemporal
parameters
Kinetics

5. Kinematical Gait Assessment
• We asses the positions and motion of body segments and joints
during gait.
Methods-
1.Observational gait analysis
Vediotape in Lateral, Anterior And Posterior views observe the
movement of hip, knee ,ankle, trunk, head and arms.
• As minimal clothing as possible.

6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrToYDUN89A

7. 2.Motion analysis system
• Uses IR cameras, joint marks, surface EMGs and software to
calculate both –
• Kinematic - Join angles , joint trajectories
• Kinetic parameters- GRF, muscle activity
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyEfjAZLpA8

9. SPATIAL PARAMETERS
• Step length
• Stride length
• Step width- 1-5 inches
• Degree of toe out – 7 deg

10. Temporal parameters
• Single support time
• Double support time
• Stride duration -1sec
• Cadence - men -110 steps/min,women-116 steps/min
• Walking velocity- more than 0.8 m/sec – community ambulator

11. Adaptability of gait
• Dynamic Gait index
• Less than 19 higher risk of fall

12. REFERENCES
• Joint Structure & Function: A Comprehensive Analysis, by Pamela K.
Levangie, Cynthia C. Norkin, et al
• Motor control- Shumway cook
• Reference values of spatiotemporal parameters, joint angles, ground reaction
forces, and plantar pressure distribution during normal gait in young women-
research gate

13. THANKYOU