1. Reading is a complex cognitive process that involves visual transmission of messages through the optic nerves. 2. It is an interactive process between the reader and writer, where the reader asks questions, analyzes, adds their own understanding, and relates their own experiences. 3. There are different reading skills including rapid reading to locate specific information, previewing material to focus on relevant information, literal reading to understand directly stated ideas and facts, and inferential reading to read between the lines.

1. FUNDAMENTAL READING
SKILLS

2. Reading
• It is not an effortless task for it is a complex cognitive process
• It is highly visual for it involves the transmission of messages through
the optic nerves.
• You are unconsciously applying different skill
Main idea
Summarize
Paraphrase
Note details
Get meaning of the word

3. • Reading is an interactive process between the writer and the reader
Interactive because:
By asking question
Analyzing
Adding your own understanding
And relating your experience

4. Reading as a complex process
1. Pre-reading
Based on the title “the metamorphosis” what do you think is the story
about?

5. 2. Reading
Read the except
One morning, when Gregor samsa woke from troubled dreams, he
found himself transformed in his bed into a horrible vermin. He lay on
his armor-like back, and if he lifted his head a little he could see his
own belly, slightly domed and divided by arches into stiff sections. The
bedding was hardly able to cover it and seemed ready to slide off any
moment. His many legs, pitifully thin compared with the size of the rest
of him, waved about helplessly as he looked.

6. • Post - reading

7. Basic Reading Skills
1. Rapid Reading – aims to locate specific information or main idea in
a very short span of time.
Pre-reading skills
-Skimming: general idea (newspapers, magazine, books, letter)
-Scanning: specific information (Card – finding math grade)

8. 2. Previewing – is a skill wherein a reader looks over a material and
focuses on the information he/she find relevant (pre-reading stage)
Involves:
Clarifying the purpose
Reading the title
Checking illustration and visuals
Browsing
Inspecting unhurriedly: table of content, introduction, summary

9. 3. Literal reading – involves understanding of ideas and facts that are
directly stated in the printed material.
Skills under this category involves(post reading):
a. Summarizing
b. paraphrasing

10. 4. Inferential Reading – reading between the lines
-- involves generalization, inference and
conclusion
-- applied during while-reading stage
5. Critical Reading –refers to the close and thorough evaluation of the
claims in the text in terms of relevance, validity and logic (while-
reading)

11. Types of Reading
• Developmental reading – develop reading skill
• Pleasure reading – aims to provide enjoyment and entertainment
• Functional Reading – to learn basic functional reading ability
• Remedial Reading – aims to correct the effects of poor teaching and
poor learning