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Fructose metabolism
- 1.
- 2. Metabolism of fructose inmuscle and extra hepatic tissue Fructose Fructose -6-phosphate Glucose 6 Phosphate ATP ADP Hexokinase Pyruvate Glycolysis Glycogen F1,6 BP Phosphohexose isomerase
- 3. Metabolism of fructose inLiver Fructose Fructose -1- phosphate Glyceraldehyde ATP ADP Fructokinase TAG Glycero phospholipid Aldolase B DHAP Glycerol 3 P Alcohol DH Glycerol NAD NAD H + H Glycero kinase ATP ADP Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis 1 2 3 4 5 6
- 4. Formation of Sorbitol D-Glucose NADPH+ H + NADP + ALDOSE REDUCTASE (notfound in liver) D-Sorbitol SORBITOL DEHYDROGENASE NAD+ NADH+H + D-Fructose
- 5. Formation of Sorbitol •Increases in activity as the glucose concentration rises • In tissues that are not insulin-sensitive • Fructose and sorbitol in – Lens → Cataract – Peripheral nerves → Neuropathy – Renal glomeruli → Nephropathy
- 6. Essential Fructosuria It isbenign and asymptomatic.
- 7. Hereditary Fructose Intolerance (FructosePoisoning) o Autosomal recessive (1:20,000 births) o Symptoms similar to excessive fructose consumption. o Sucrose & fructose must be removed from the diet.
- 8. Excessive Fructose Consumption Fructose↑ Fructose 1-P ↑ Pi ↓ ATP ↓ Gluconeogenesis ↓ Hypoglycemia Protein synthesis ↓ Clotting factors & other essential proteins ↓ AMP ↑ AMP degraded Hyperuricaemia Gout DHAP ↑ Glycerol 3-P ↑ entry into glycolysis ↑ Pyruvate ↑ Acetyl CoA ↑ Fatty acid ↑ Hypertriacyl- glycerolaemia Cholestrol ↑ Hypercholes- trolemia Atherogenic
- 9. Fructose Fru-1-P Glyceraldehyde Glycerol Glucose Fru-6-P DHAP Glucose 6-P Fru 1,6-BisP Glycerol3-P DHAP Glyceraldehyde 3-P PFK F-1,6 bis-P Hexokinase ATP FructokinaseATP Aldolase B Triokinase ATP Glycerol kinase ATP DH Glycogen NADH+H+ NAD TAG pyruvate