The Hundred Years' War between England and France was a series of conflicts from 1337 to 1453 over succession to the French throne. Key events included early English victories using longbows, the capture of the French king leading to French confusion, and Joan of Arc inspiring the French recovery against the English. The war ended with France reunified and the English losing all territories except Calais.
Sepoy Rebellion and British Imperialism in India Wayne Williams
Social Political Economic and military effects of British imperialism in India and how it affected both India and Great Britain in the 19th and 20th Centuries
The document summarizes the key events of the American Revolutionary War and early United States history from 1765-1783. It discusses the growing tensions between British colonies and the colonial government, key battles of the Revolutionary War, French involvement in 1778 that turned the conflict into an international war, the American victory at Yorktown in 1781, and the adoption of the Articles of Confederation in 1777 which established the first national government of the US but had significant weaknesses.
John Brown led a raid on the federal arsenal in Harper's Ferry in 1859 hoping to arm slaves and start an uprising. He was captured, convicted of treason, and hanged. His actions increased tensions between northern abolitionists and southern slaveholders. In 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected president, despite not being on the ballot in many southern states. As southern states increasingly feared the potential end of slavery, seven states seceded from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America, with Jefferson Davis as its president.
1) George Washington was sworn in as the first US President in 1789. His cabinet established the executive departments and he signed the Bill of Rights into law.
2) Political parties began emerging in the 1790s as Federalists led by Hamilton and Democratic-Republicans led by Jefferson disagreed on economic and foreign policy issues.
3) As president from 1797-1801, John Adams enacted the Alien and Sedition Acts to crack down on French immigrants, angering Democratic-Republicans. His reluctance to go to war with France helped Thomas Jefferson defeat him in the 1800 election.
World War 1 was caused by long-term tensions between European nations such as nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the alliance system. The immediate cause was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist on June 28, 1914. This triggered a series of declarations of war between European powers with secret alliances that led all major European powers to enter the war.
The document summarizes the Spanish conquest of the Aztec and Inca empires in Mexico and Peru. It describes how Hernan Cortes conquered the Aztecs, led by King Montezuma, in Tenochtitlan, Mexico, and how Francisco Pizarro conquered the Incas, led by King Atahualpa, in Cuzco, Peru, taking advantage of their unfamiliarity with horses and weapons. Both civilizations declined severely due to disease and mistreatment after the conquest.
The document provides background information on the causes of World War I, including nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the system of alliances between European powers. It describes how nationalist sentiments led countries to build up their militaries in an arms race. Competing colonial interests exacerbated tensions. By 1914, Germany and Austria-Hungary were allied against Russia, France, and Britain in a complex network that caused the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand to trigger a chain reaction leading those countries to declare war on each other.
The Hundred Years' War between England and France was a series of conflicts from 1337 to 1453 over succession to the French throne. Key events included early English victories using longbows, the capture of the French king leading to French confusion, and Joan of Arc inspiring the French recovery against the English. The war ended with France reunified and the English losing all territories except Calais.
Sepoy Rebellion and British Imperialism in India Wayne Williams
Social Political Economic and military effects of British imperialism in India and how it affected both India and Great Britain in the 19th and 20th Centuries
The document summarizes the key events of the American Revolutionary War and early United States history from 1765-1783. It discusses the growing tensions between British colonies and the colonial government, key battles of the Revolutionary War, French involvement in 1778 that turned the conflict into an international war, the American victory at Yorktown in 1781, and the adoption of the Articles of Confederation in 1777 which established the first national government of the US but had significant weaknesses.
John Brown led a raid on the federal arsenal in Harper's Ferry in 1859 hoping to arm slaves and start an uprising. He was captured, convicted of treason, and hanged. His actions increased tensions between northern abolitionists and southern slaveholders. In 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected president, despite not being on the ballot in many southern states. As southern states increasingly feared the potential end of slavery, seven states seceded from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America, with Jefferson Davis as its president.
1) George Washington was sworn in as the first US President in 1789. His cabinet established the executive departments and he signed the Bill of Rights into law.
2) Political parties began emerging in the 1790s as Federalists led by Hamilton and Democratic-Republicans led by Jefferson disagreed on economic and foreign policy issues.
3) As president from 1797-1801, John Adams enacted the Alien and Sedition Acts to crack down on French immigrants, angering Democratic-Republicans. His reluctance to go to war with France helped Thomas Jefferson defeat him in the 1800 election.
World War 1 was caused by long-term tensions between European nations such as nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the alliance system. The immediate cause was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist on June 28, 1914. This triggered a series of declarations of war between European powers with secret alliances that led all major European powers to enter the war.
The document summarizes the Spanish conquest of the Aztec and Inca empires in Mexico and Peru. It describes how Hernan Cortes conquered the Aztecs, led by King Montezuma, in Tenochtitlan, Mexico, and how Francisco Pizarro conquered the Incas, led by King Atahualpa, in Cuzco, Peru, taking advantage of their unfamiliarity with horses and weapons. Both civilizations declined severely due to disease and mistreatment after the conquest.
The document provides background information on the causes of World War I, including nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the system of alliances between European powers. It describes how nationalist sentiments led countries to build up their militaries in an arms race. Competing colonial interests exacerbated tensions. By 1914, Germany and Austria-Hungary were allied against Russia, France, and Britain in a complex network that caused the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand to trigger a chain reaction leading those countries to declare war on each other.
The document provides background information on the French and Indian War (1754-1763), which was a colonial conflict between France and Britain in North America that was part of a larger imperial war between the two powers called the Seven Years' War. It discusses key events that led to the start of the war such as territorial disputes in the Ohio River Valley and George Washington's involvement at Fort Necessity. It also summarizes several major battles during the war including General Braddock's defeat at Fort Duquesne and the massacre of British soldiers at Fort William Henry.
The French & Indian War was a pivotal conflict between 1754-1763 that shaped the destiny of America. It involved France, Great Britain, and numerous Native American allies fighting for control of the Ohio Valley and surrounding lands. The war resulted in British victory over France and the removal of France from North America. However, it also increased tensions between the British colonies and the crown, ultimately leading to the American Revolution.
The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. On Paul Revere's famous ride, he warned the Patriots that the British were coming to seize military supplies stored in Concord. When the British arrived, the first shots were fired in Lexington, though it's unclear who fired first. Though the British were able to seize some supplies in Concord, they gained little of significance due to warnings and the Patriots' preparations.
Here are the key people from the document:
- Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone - Led the Nine Years War against Queen Elizabeth from 1594-1603 after feeling she was interfering in his lands. Asked Spain for help but was defeated at the Battle of Kinsale in 1601.
- Oliver Cromwell - Hardline Protestant leader from England who conquered Ireland in 1649 on behalf of Parliament during the English Civil War. Planned the Cromwellian Settlement which moved the Gaelic Irish to Connaught and gave their lands to new Protestant settlers.
- King James I of England - Took over after the Flight of the Earls in 1607. Carried out the Ulster Plantation
The Norman conquest of England began with William the Conqueror's invasion and victory over King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. William's victory removed the native English ruling class and established a new French-speaking Norman monarchy. This linked England more closely with Europe but also set the stage for future rivalry with France. It profoundly impacted the English language and society by introducing French and Latin words and severing the connection between rulers and peasants.
The Revolutionary War began as tensions rose between the American colonies and Britain following the French and Indian War. Major events escalating the conflict included the Stamp Act and other taxes passed by Britain to raise revenue from the colonies without colonial consent or representation. Key battles included Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, Trenton, Saratoga, and Yorktown, culminating in American victory and independence from Britain as outlined in the 1783 Treaty of Paris.
IGCSE REVISION - PEACE TREATIES: THE PEACE SETTLEMENTGeorge Dumitrache
The document discusses the peace settlement after World War 1. It explains that the Allies (Britain, France, USA) had to agree on a peace treaty with the defeated countries like Germany. There were disagreements between the Allies on the terms, as France and Britain wanted harsher punishment of Germany due to the devastation and casualties they suffered, while the US wanted impartiality. US President Woodrow Wilson proposed the 14 Points to serve as the basis for the peace settlement, but the Allies refused to accept them fully due to Germany initially rejecting the terms.
The British Empire grew over 400 years from the late 15th century through the late 20th century. Key phases included establishing colonies in Ireland and the Americas in the early modern period, expanding trade and control in India in the 18th-19th centuries, and engaging in the "Scramble for Africa" in the late 19th century. Decolonization accelerated after World War 2, as most colonies gained independence in the 1960s, marking the symbolic end of the British Empire despite some ongoing territorial control. The empire left a significant political, economic, and cultural legacy worldwide.
Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860. In response, South Carolina seceded from the Union in December 1860 and formed the Confederate States of America in February 1861. The Civil War began in April 1861 when Confederate forces fired on Fort Sumter in South Carolina. Over the next four years, there were many major battles between Union and Confederate forces across rivers, coastlines, and states as the Union tried to regain control and split the Confederacy through its Anaconda Plan blockade. Key battles and events shifted momentum between the North and South until General Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House in April 1865, effectively ending the Civil War.
The Cold War was a period of hostility between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945 to 1990 that never resulted in direct military conflict, but instead manifested as an ideological and geopolitical rivalry. The two superpowers disagreed on the future of Europe following World War 2, with the US supporting capitalist democracies and the USSR establishing communist governments in Eastern Europe behind an "Iron Curtain." Notable events of the Cold War included the Berlin Blockade, Korean War, space race, Cuban Missile Crisis, and construction/fall of the Berlin Wall, until reforms under Soviet leader Gorbachev in the 1980s ultimately ended the Cold War.
The War of 1812 was caused by American grievances against Britain related to impressment and attacks on American ships. Known as the War Hawks, a group in Congress pushed for war. They were opposed by Native American leader Tecumseh, who sought an alliance with Britain. Though the U.S. military was unprepared, battles were fought in Canada and at sea. In 1814, British forces burned Washington D.C., but American forces later won a key victory at the Battle of New Orleans under General Andrew Jackson after the war had ended. The war was concluded in 1815 with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent.
The document summarizes key events of the American Revolutionary War between Britain and the colonies:
1) Growing tensions over new taxes like the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts led to protests like the Boston Tea Party and Intolerable Acts in response.
2) The First Continental Congress united the colonies in opposition to Britain and the Second Continental Congress established the Continental Army under George Washington.
3) A major turning point was the American victory over British forces at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777, which led France to form an alliance with the Americans against Britain.
The American Revolution began as tensions grew between the 13 British colonies in North America and the colonial government representing the British crown from 1754 to 1783. Key events exacerbating tensions included the Proclamation of 1763, which angered colonists by restricting settlement west of the Appalachians, and subsequent taxation acts including the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts, which the colonists opposed under the principle of "no taxation without representation." Armed conflict began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord in 1775 and the Declaration of Independence was adopted in 1776, formally establishing the United States. The Revolutionary War ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1783, recognizing American independence.
The Sugar Act of 1764 was passed by the British Parliament to raise money to pay off debts from the French and Indian War. The Act placed new taxes on sugar, wine, coffee and molasses imported into the American colonies. This upset colonial merchants, especially in New England, since the high molasses tax threatened their profitable rum trade. Colonial leaders were also worried that the Sugar Act and its harsh penalties for smuggling represented an overreach of Parliament's power at the expense of the colonies' autonomy.
The 1st World War had devastating consequences for Europe. Over 10 million soldiers died and 20 million were wounded. The Treaty of Versailles established harsh terms for Germany, including war guilt, loss of territory, military limitations, and heavy reparations. This caused outrage in Germany and contributed to economic and political instability. Overall, the peace settlements redrew the maps of Europe but failed to achieve a lasting peace, as many were unhappy with the outcomes.
The French and Indian War was a conflict between 1756 and 1763 between the French and British over control of North American territory. The war resulted from clashes over colonial land and wealth. By 1760, the British controlled most of the North American frontier and the French were defeated. The 1763 Treaty of Paris ended the war, forcing France to cede its North American possessions to Britain. The results strengthened Britain's control of North America but hurt its relationship with Native Americans and the American colonies.
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) was a conflict fought primarily in Germany between Catholics and Protestants. While religious differences played a role, the goals of the various powers involved were mainly geopolitical, such as German princes seeking autonomy and France attempting to limit Hapsburg power. The war occurred in phases involving Bohemia, Denmark, Sweden, and finally France and Sweden against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. It culminated in the Peace of Westphalia, which granted sovereignty to German princes and greater religious tolerance while curbing Hapsburg power. The war devastated Germany and marked the end of the age of religious wars in Europe.
The American Revolution was an uneven fight between 1775-1783, with Britain having advantages in military strength and resources over the American colonists. Key turning points included the Continental Army's surprise victory at Trenton and the British surrender at Saratoga, which convinced France to ally with the Americans. With further support from France and other countries, Washington was able to trap Cornwallis' forces at Yorktown in 1781, marking the last major battle. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 officially recognized American independence.
The Hundred Years' War between England and France consisted of three phases from 1337 to 1453. The Edwardian phase saw English victories at battles like Crecy, Calais, and Poitiers led by Edward III and the Black Prince. The Caroline phase involved conflicts in Brittany and Spain. The final Lancastrian phase began with an English win at Agincourt but saw the tide turn with French victories at Patay and Formigny and the Siege of Orleans led by Joan of Arc, culminating in the final French victory at Castillon.
Based on the context clues in the passage, Roosevelt is responding to European interference in Latin American affairs. The passage discusses the Roosevelt Corollary, which allowed the U.S. to intervene in Latin America to maintain stability, in addition to mentioning the Monroe Doctrine which opposed European influence in the Western Hemisphere.
The document summarizes key differences and events in the Commercial North and South regions during the colonial period. The North had a more diverse population with many religions and ethnic groups engaged in a variety of industries and cities, while the South had a more uniform population centered around agriculture and slave labor. This led the North to experience two influential intellectual movements - The Great Awakening, a religious revival that encouraged questioning authority, and The Enlightenment, which applied reason and science to understand natural laws and individual rights.
AP Macroeconomics Expectations - Fall 2016Matthew Caggia
This document outlines the expectations, policies, and resources for an AP Macroeconomics class. It includes the teacher's mission and vision to increase student achievement and understanding of the broader world. Students are expected to be responsible for their own grades, learning, and actions. Assessments will include tests, projects, and homework, with grades calculated on a standard A-F scale. The document provides details on attendance, late work, academic honesty, and other policies to maximize learning. Resources like the class website and Google Classroom are listed to support students.
The document provides background information on the French and Indian War (1754-1763), which was a colonial conflict between France and Britain in North America that was part of a larger imperial war between the two powers called the Seven Years' War. It discusses key events that led to the start of the war such as territorial disputes in the Ohio River Valley and George Washington's involvement at Fort Necessity. It also summarizes several major battles during the war including General Braddock's defeat at Fort Duquesne and the massacre of British soldiers at Fort William Henry.
The French & Indian War was a pivotal conflict between 1754-1763 that shaped the destiny of America. It involved France, Great Britain, and numerous Native American allies fighting for control of the Ohio Valley and surrounding lands. The war resulted in British victory over France and the removal of France from North America. However, it also increased tensions between the British colonies and the crown, ultimately leading to the American Revolution.
The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. On Paul Revere's famous ride, he warned the Patriots that the British were coming to seize military supplies stored in Concord. When the British arrived, the first shots were fired in Lexington, though it's unclear who fired first. Though the British were able to seize some supplies in Concord, they gained little of significance due to warnings and the Patriots' preparations.
Here are the key people from the document:
- Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone - Led the Nine Years War against Queen Elizabeth from 1594-1603 after feeling she was interfering in his lands. Asked Spain for help but was defeated at the Battle of Kinsale in 1601.
- Oliver Cromwell - Hardline Protestant leader from England who conquered Ireland in 1649 on behalf of Parliament during the English Civil War. Planned the Cromwellian Settlement which moved the Gaelic Irish to Connaught and gave their lands to new Protestant settlers.
- King James I of England - Took over after the Flight of the Earls in 1607. Carried out the Ulster Plantation
The Norman conquest of England began with William the Conqueror's invasion and victory over King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. William's victory removed the native English ruling class and established a new French-speaking Norman monarchy. This linked England more closely with Europe but also set the stage for future rivalry with France. It profoundly impacted the English language and society by introducing French and Latin words and severing the connection between rulers and peasants.
The Revolutionary War began as tensions rose between the American colonies and Britain following the French and Indian War. Major events escalating the conflict included the Stamp Act and other taxes passed by Britain to raise revenue from the colonies without colonial consent or representation. Key battles included Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, Trenton, Saratoga, and Yorktown, culminating in American victory and independence from Britain as outlined in the 1783 Treaty of Paris.
IGCSE REVISION - PEACE TREATIES: THE PEACE SETTLEMENTGeorge Dumitrache
The document discusses the peace settlement after World War 1. It explains that the Allies (Britain, France, USA) had to agree on a peace treaty with the defeated countries like Germany. There were disagreements between the Allies on the terms, as France and Britain wanted harsher punishment of Germany due to the devastation and casualties they suffered, while the US wanted impartiality. US President Woodrow Wilson proposed the 14 Points to serve as the basis for the peace settlement, but the Allies refused to accept them fully due to Germany initially rejecting the terms.
The British Empire grew over 400 years from the late 15th century through the late 20th century. Key phases included establishing colonies in Ireland and the Americas in the early modern period, expanding trade and control in India in the 18th-19th centuries, and engaging in the "Scramble for Africa" in the late 19th century. Decolonization accelerated after World War 2, as most colonies gained independence in the 1960s, marking the symbolic end of the British Empire despite some ongoing territorial control. The empire left a significant political, economic, and cultural legacy worldwide.
Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860. In response, South Carolina seceded from the Union in December 1860 and formed the Confederate States of America in February 1861. The Civil War began in April 1861 when Confederate forces fired on Fort Sumter in South Carolina. Over the next four years, there were many major battles between Union and Confederate forces across rivers, coastlines, and states as the Union tried to regain control and split the Confederacy through its Anaconda Plan blockade. Key battles and events shifted momentum between the North and South until General Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House in April 1865, effectively ending the Civil War.
The Cold War was a period of hostility between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945 to 1990 that never resulted in direct military conflict, but instead manifested as an ideological and geopolitical rivalry. The two superpowers disagreed on the future of Europe following World War 2, with the US supporting capitalist democracies and the USSR establishing communist governments in Eastern Europe behind an "Iron Curtain." Notable events of the Cold War included the Berlin Blockade, Korean War, space race, Cuban Missile Crisis, and construction/fall of the Berlin Wall, until reforms under Soviet leader Gorbachev in the 1980s ultimately ended the Cold War.
The War of 1812 was caused by American grievances against Britain related to impressment and attacks on American ships. Known as the War Hawks, a group in Congress pushed for war. They were opposed by Native American leader Tecumseh, who sought an alliance with Britain. Though the U.S. military was unprepared, battles were fought in Canada and at sea. In 1814, British forces burned Washington D.C., but American forces later won a key victory at the Battle of New Orleans under General Andrew Jackson after the war had ended. The war was concluded in 1815 with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent.
The document summarizes key events of the American Revolutionary War between Britain and the colonies:
1) Growing tensions over new taxes like the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts led to protests like the Boston Tea Party and Intolerable Acts in response.
2) The First Continental Congress united the colonies in opposition to Britain and the Second Continental Congress established the Continental Army under George Washington.
3) A major turning point was the American victory over British forces at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777, which led France to form an alliance with the Americans against Britain.
The American Revolution began as tensions grew between the 13 British colonies in North America and the colonial government representing the British crown from 1754 to 1783. Key events exacerbating tensions included the Proclamation of 1763, which angered colonists by restricting settlement west of the Appalachians, and subsequent taxation acts including the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts, which the colonists opposed under the principle of "no taxation without representation." Armed conflict began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord in 1775 and the Declaration of Independence was adopted in 1776, formally establishing the United States. The Revolutionary War ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1783, recognizing American independence.
The Sugar Act of 1764 was passed by the British Parliament to raise money to pay off debts from the French and Indian War. The Act placed new taxes on sugar, wine, coffee and molasses imported into the American colonies. This upset colonial merchants, especially in New England, since the high molasses tax threatened their profitable rum trade. Colonial leaders were also worried that the Sugar Act and its harsh penalties for smuggling represented an overreach of Parliament's power at the expense of the colonies' autonomy.
The 1st World War had devastating consequences for Europe. Over 10 million soldiers died and 20 million were wounded. The Treaty of Versailles established harsh terms for Germany, including war guilt, loss of territory, military limitations, and heavy reparations. This caused outrage in Germany and contributed to economic and political instability. Overall, the peace settlements redrew the maps of Europe but failed to achieve a lasting peace, as many were unhappy with the outcomes.
The French and Indian War was a conflict between 1756 and 1763 between the French and British over control of North American territory. The war resulted from clashes over colonial land and wealth. By 1760, the British controlled most of the North American frontier and the French were defeated. The 1763 Treaty of Paris ended the war, forcing France to cede its North American possessions to Britain. The results strengthened Britain's control of North America but hurt its relationship with Native Americans and the American colonies.
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) was a conflict fought primarily in Germany between Catholics and Protestants. While religious differences played a role, the goals of the various powers involved were mainly geopolitical, such as German princes seeking autonomy and France attempting to limit Hapsburg power. The war occurred in phases involving Bohemia, Denmark, Sweden, and finally France and Sweden against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. It culminated in the Peace of Westphalia, which granted sovereignty to German princes and greater religious tolerance while curbing Hapsburg power. The war devastated Germany and marked the end of the age of religious wars in Europe.
The American Revolution was an uneven fight between 1775-1783, with Britain having advantages in military strength and resources over the American colonists. Key turning points included the Continental Army's surprise victory at Trenton and the British surrender at Saratoga, which convinced France to ally with the Americans. With further support from France and other countries, Washington was able to trap Cornwallis' forces at Yorktown in 1781, marking the last major battle. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 officially recognized American independence.
The Hundred Years' War between England and France consisted of three phases from 1337 to 1453. The Edwardian phase saw English victories at battles like Crecy, Calais, and Poitiers led by Edward III and the Black Prince. The Caroline phase involved conflicts in Brittany and Spain. The final Lancastrian phase began with an English win at Agincourt but saw the tide turn with French victories at Patay and Formigny and the Siege of Orleans led by Joan of Arc, culminating in the final French victory at Castillon.
Based on the context clues in the passage, Roosevelt is responding to European interference in Latin American affairs. The passage discusses the Roosevelt Corollary, which allowed the U.S. to intervene in Latin America to maintain stability, in addition to mentioning the Monroe Doctrine which opposed European influence in the Western Hemisphere.
The document summarizes key differences and events in the Commercial North and South regions during the colonial period. The North had a more diverse population with many religions and ethnic groups engaged in a variety of industries and cities, while the South had a more uniform population centered around agriculture and slave labor. This led the North to experience two influential intellectual movements - The Great Awakening, a religious revival that encouraged questioning authority, and The Enlightenment, which applied reason and science to understand natural laws and individual rights.
AP Macroeconomics Expectations - Fall 2016Matthew Caggia
This document outlines the expectations, policies, and resources for an AP Macroeconomics class. It includes the teacher's mission and vision to increase student achievement and understanding of the broader world. Students are expected to be responsible for their own grades, learning, and actions. Assessments will include tests, projects, and homework, with grades calculated on a standard A-F scale. The document provides details on attendance, late work, academic honesty, and other policies to maximize learning. Resources like the class website and Google Classroom are listed to support students.
Civics & Economics Expectations - Fall 2016Matthew Caggia
This document outlines the expectations, policies, and resources for a Civics and Economics class. It includes information about the teacher's vision and core beliefs, which focus on providing standards-based learning to increase student achievement and help students become productive citizens. It also details availability for tutorials, required supplies, online resources, an overview of the course content, grading policies, class rules, and expectations around attendance, late work, and academic honesty.
This document discusses the hydrosphere and biosphere. It describes the water cycle and how water circulates between the oceans, atmosphere, and land. It explains that the oceans regulate global temperatures and influence climates. Ocean currents are driven by both wind and the sinking of dense, cold water. The document also outlines the biosphere as the region where life exists, powered by the sun and with nutrients recycled through the food chain.
This document provides an overview of key battles in the American Revolution and the hardships faced by soldiers, members of Congress, and civilians. It includes a chart summarizing who won each major battle, why they won, and the important results. The battles discussed are Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, New York, Trenton, Philadelphia, Saratoga, and Yorktown. The document also describes the harsh conditions faced by soldiers at Valley Forge and the economic challenges of inflation and profiteering faced by Congress. Friedrich von Steuben is credited with improving the effectiveness of the Continental Army through drilling. The Battle of Yorktown resulted in Cornwallis' surrender after a joint land and sea siege by American and
Basics of Supply including the Law of Supply, Supply Curves and Schedules, Determinants of Supply, and the difference between Supply and Quantity Supplied.
PowerPoint about a few key figures regarding the growth of power and influence of Christianity in Europe. Also some basic information about the Crusades.
Mercantilism sparked new ideas in economics by promoting the accumulation of wealth through trade surpluses. Colonies existed to provide resources and markets for European goods. New production methods like the putting-out system and plantations increased efficiency but relied on exploitative labor systems like slavery. The triangular slave trade had devastating impacts in Africa and the Americas, with the Middle Passage resulting in millions of deaths. Exploration caused widespread population declines among Native Americans and Africans but also led to exchanges of goods, crops, and cultures that supported growth in Europe.
Brief Presentation summarizing a few key conflicts between the colonists and Native Americans as well as Nathaniel Bacon's attempt to overthrow the government of Virginia
The document discusses different types of classroom discussions and questioning techniques to make discussions more meaningful. It contrasts teacher-guided versus student-guided discussions, with the latter being more natural and allowing students to discover information on their own. The document also introduces Question-Answer Relationships (QARs) as a framework for students to critically analyze texts and ask thoughtful questions. It describes two categories of questions - questions where the answer is directly in the text, and questions that require the student's own thoughts and experiences to answer.
Confucianism was founded by Confucius in the 6th-5th century BC. It is an ethical and philosophical system recorded in The Analects that describes five basic hierarchical relationships and emphasizes virtues like benevolence and righteousness. Confucianism was influential as the official philosophy in China for over 2000 years and taught that individuals are educated through family relationships and the ruler leads by moral example.
This document provides an overview of the French and Indian War between 1745-1775. It describes how tensions arose from colonial expansion and European powers vying for land in North America. The war began with clashes over forts in the Ohio River Valley. Though the British suffered early defeats, they gained victories in 1758 by capturing the fortress of Louisbourg and Fort Duquesne. A pivotal battle in Quebec in 1759 led to the fall of New France and the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which ceded French territories in North America to Britain.
The document summarizes the events and impacts of the French and Indian War in North America between 1754-1763. It discusses how the war began from military and economic rivalry between the French and British in the colonies. It led to conflicts with Native American allies on both sides, including frustrations among the Cherokee that broke their peace with the British. The war resulted in British victory over the French, but also increased tensions between the colonies and Britain as it tried to enforce policies and collect taxes from the colonies to pay off war debts.
The document provides background information on the French and Indian War (1754-1763), including:
- The key parties in the war were the French, British, and various Native American groups, who fought over land disputes in the Ohio River Valley.
- As a result of their victory, the British gained control of French territory in Canada and much of the North American mainland east of the Mississippi River under the Treaty of Paris in 1763.
- However, the war increased British debt and tensions with Native American tribes. It also united the American colonies in war but created resentment towards subsequent British policies like the Proclamation Line of 1763 restricting westward colonial expansion.
The document provides background on the French and Indian War between Britain and France over land in North America. It describes how Native American tribes had to choose whether to ally with the British or French. The British strategy was to invade Canada and take Quebec, while the French sought to defend Quebec and encourage Indian attacks on American colonists. The war resulted in British victory and control of most French territory in North America per the Treaty of Paris in 1763.
The document provides background information on the French and Indian War between France and Britain for control over North America. It discusses:
1) How the French and British recruited Native American allies by adopting different strategies - the French integrated with tribes while the British destroyed Native American lands.
2) The military strategies employed by each side, with the British aiming to take Quebec and the French defending Quebec and attacking colonial settlements.
3) Key events and outcomes of the war, including the British eventually claiming victory after several losses and gaining French territories in North America per the 1763 Treaty of Paris, reshaping the colonial landscape.
The French and Indian War began in 1754 due to conflicting territorial claims between France, England, and Spain in North America. France wanted control of the Mississippi River and sent troops to push out the British from the Ohio River Valley, which England viewed as an act of war. Though the British colonies sent delegates to decide how to handle the war, they did not take united action as a country. As the war expanded to Europe, Britain began winning battles in the Americas. The 1763 Treaty of Paris ended the war, forcing France to cede lands east of the Mississippi to Britain and Spain. However, tensions rose again as colonists ignored the Proclamation of 1763 banning white settlement west of the Appalachians, and
Canada automatically entered World War 1 when Britain declared war on Germany in 1914 as Canada was still part of the British Empire at the time. The document discusses several key aspects of Canada's involvement in the war, including the country sending troops to fight in major battles in Europe like Ypres, the Somme, and Vimy Ridge. It also examines how the war impacted the home front through economic changes, the implementation of policies like conscription, and expanding roles for women. Overall, the war had significant consequences for Canada in establishing it as an independent nation.
The French and Indian War set the stage for conflict between Britain and its American colonies. The war began in 1754 over land in western Pennsylvania and erupted into a global war between France, Britain, and their respective Indian allies. Britain emerged victorious in 1763, gaining control of French territory in North America. However, this victory led to tensions as Britain issued the Proclamation of 1763 banning colonial expansion beyond the Appalachians and increased taxes on the colonies to pay off war debts, angering the colonists and sowing the seeds of revolution.
The French and Indian War set the stage for conflict between Britain and its American colonies. The war began in 1754 over land in western Pennsylvania between the French and British, and eventually involved fighting in both North America and Europe. Britain emerged victorious in 1763, gaining control of French territory in North America. However, this victory led to tensions as Britain issued the Proclamation of 1763 to prevent colonial expansion westward and passed new taxes to pay off war debts, including the Sugar Act. The proclamation and taxes angered the colonists and protests began, setting the stage for the American Revolution.
The document summarizes the key events of the French and Indian War, which resulted in Britain defeating France and gaining control over its territories in North America. The war began as tensions grew between Britain and France over trade and land in the Ohio River Valley. While the British lost early battles, the tide turned when William Pitt became the British leader and encouraged colonial involvement. This led to major British victories like the capture of Quebec in 1759. The 1763 Treaty of Paris ended the war and marked the end of French power in North America, with Britain acquiring French land east of the Mississippi River.
The document discusses the growing tensions between the British colonies in North America and the British government in the lead up to the American Revolution. It outlines how the French and Indian War resulted in victory for Britain but also large war debts. In response, the British government sought to tighten control over the colonies through measures like new taxes to help pay off the debts, which the colonists strongly opposed. This growing opposition between the colonies and British rule paved the road towards revolution.
The French and Indian War had political and economic consequences for South Carolina colonists in their relationships with Native Americans and England. The war resulted in Native American frustrations as settlers moved into Cherokee lands, breaking earlier treaties. It also led the British to more strictly enforce mercantilist policies and tax the colonies to pay war debts, straining the relationship between Britain and the colonies.
The document provides information about key events and people related to conflicts between British, French, and Native American groups in North America between 1675-1763:
- King Philip's War (1675-1676) saw the Wampanoag leader Metacom, known as King Philip, lead attacks against English settlers in New England in an attempt to drive them out. Metacom was eventually killed and the English gained control of the region.
- As settlers moved west into the Ohio River Valley in the 1700s, they encountered French traders who had laid claim to the region based on Robert La Salle's exploration of the Mississippi River in the 1600s. This led to clashes between British and French
- The document discusses the French and Indian War between France and Britain in North America from 1754-1763.
- Competing claims to land by the French and British colonies led to conflicts over territory and trade with Native Americans.
- Key events included George Washington being defeated at Fort Necessity and the British later capturing Quebec City and Montreal, leading to French defeat in the war.
- The Treaty of Paris in 1763 gave Britain control over French territory east of the Mississippi River, strengthening British imperial power in North America.
The Battle of Yorktown was one of the most important battles of the American Revolution that took place from September 28 to October 19, 1781 in Yorktown, Virginia. The battle was fought between American Patriots supported by the French and the British Army, and resulted in a major victory for the Patriots. The Patriots, led by General George Washington, worked with the French under General Rochambeau to besiege and defeat British forces led by General Lord Cornwallis. This victory effectively marked the end of major fighting in the North American theaters of the Revolutionary War and ensured American independence from Great Britain.
The document provides background information on the French and Indian War between England and France over control of North America. It describes the key causes of the war being competing territorial claims by the two powers. Major events discussed include General Braddock's defeat at the Battle of the Monongahela in 1755, and the British victory at the Battle of Quebec in 1759 which marked a turning point in the war. The war ended in 1763 with the Treaty of Paris, in which Britain gained control over French territories in North America.
The document summarizes key events and developments during the French and Indian War:
1) England and France came into conflict over land in North America, with the French establishing alliances with Algonquian and Huron tribes while the British allied with the Iroquois Confederacy.
2) Early battles involved George Washington's forces being defeated at Fort Necessity in 1754, and General Braddock's defeat in 1755, starting victories for the French and Native Americans.
3) By 1757, British Prime Minister Pitt increased support for the colonies, and British generals captured the Fort at Louisbourg and Ft. Duquesne, weakening French alliances with Native Americans.
The French and Indian War began in 1754 due to tensions between France and England over control of North America and trade routes. George Washington was defeated by the French at Fort Necessity, driving the British from the Ohio Valley. The war ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which ceded French North American territories to Britain and Spain and redrew colonial boundaries.
The document summarizes the key phases and events of the French and Indian War between 1754 and 1763. It began as a local conflict in North America but expanded globally as France and Britain formally declared war in 1756. By 1758, the tide had turned as British forces led by General Amherst began capturing French forts. The final phase saw the British capture of Quebec in 1759, a decisive victory. The Treaty of Paris in 1763 ended the war, marking the end of French power in North America as France ceded most of its North American lands to Britain.
Reconstruction aimed to politically and economically rebuild the South after the Civil War. Lincoln's lenient Ten Percent Plan failed due to congressional opposition. Andrew Johnson also pursued a lenient presidential reconstruction, opposing civil rights for freedmen. Johnson vetoed the Freedman's Bureau Bill and Civil Rights Act of 1866. In response, Congress passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867, dividing the South into military districts overseen by the Union and protecting freedmen's civil rights. Southern resistance emerged through black codes, Jim Crow laws, and violent groups like the KKK. Reconstruction declined due to northern corruption, economic troubles, and the Compromise of 1877 which ended federal protection and allowed white "Redemption" in the South.
The document outlines several long-term causes that contributed to sectionalism and tensions between the North and South leading up to the Civil War. This included economic differences, with the North being more industrial and urban while the South relied on agriculture and slavery. Attempts at political compromises over the issue of slavery spreading to new territories, such as the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850, failed to resolve the core disagreements and in some cases exacerbated tensions. Key events like the Dred Scott decision and the election of Abraham Lincoln, who opposed the expansion of slavery, increased Southern fears and led several states to secede from the Union after Lincoln's election, marking the start of the Civil War.
The document discusses the three aspects of Reconstruction - political, economic, and social rebuilding - and how they differed. It then examines Abraham Lincoln's lenient reconstruction plan, Andrew Johnson's more lenient presidential reconstruction plan, and the Radical Republican's harsher Reconstruction Act of 1867. The act divided the South into military districts and imposed requirements to rejoin the Union. However, southern resistance through black codes, Jim Crow laws, and violence like the Ku Klux Klan undermined Reconstruction. Northerners eventually lost interest due to corruption scandals and economic troubles. The disputed 1876 election was resolved by the Compromise of 1877 which ended Reconstruction by withdrawing federal troops from the South.
The Economic Way of Thinking Part 1 v2.pptxMatthew Caggia
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This document discusses the song "Strange Fruit" and its history and impact. It describes how teacher Abel Meeropol wrote the poem after seeing a photograph of a lynching, publishing it under a pseudonym. Jazz singer Billie Holiday later set it to music, performing it and bringing attention to its graphic imagery depicting lynchings in the South and condemnation of Jim Crow laws. Though initially a protest song, over time it has come to memorialize a tragic period in history, while still felt as emotionally powerful by listeners today across different genres of music that have covered the song.
The document outlines 10 principles of economics according to a chapter on the main ideas of economics. It discusses that economics studies human behavior in relation to scarcity and trade-offs between unlimited wants and limited resources. It also explains that people respond rationally by acting in their perceived best interest and considering opportunity costs when making decisions. Finally, it discusses how people interact through markets and trade, and how governments and monetary policy can impact an overall economy's production and standard of living.
The Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890 provided land grants to states to establish colleges of agriculture and mechanical arts. The Pacific Railway Act of 1862 encouraged the building of the transcontinental railroad, which was completed in 1869 at Promontory Point, Utah. The Homestead Act and new technologies like the windmill, seed drill, and barbed wire encouraged western expansion by making farming on the Great Plains possible. The Morrill Acts established land grant colleges that still educate farmers today.
6 important events of the Civil War. Many would argue that there are many more important events or there are others that may be more important - and could not disagree - but these events get to t he heart of what we need to know for the EOC.
The document outlines both long term and immediate causes of the Civil War, including the key differences between the economies and views on slavery in the North and South regions, several attempts at political compromises over the issue of slavery and new western territories in the 1820 Missouri Compromise, 1850 Compromise, and 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act, the violence in "Bleeding Kansas" as both sides fought over the slavery issue in the new state, the 1857 Dred Scott Supreme Court decision denying black citizenship and Congress's right to regulate slavery, and Lincoln's election in 1860 which caused southern states to begin seceding from the Union out of fears he would end slavery.
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1. Businesses need labor as both a factor of production and to create demand from workers' wages.
2. Labor unions aim to improve wages and conditions for workers by giving them more negotiating power collectively than as individuals. They operate at local, national, and international levels.
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The Holocaust began in 1933 with the establishment of Dachau concentration camp and the Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses. Over the next several years, the Nazi regime passed numerous anti-Jewish laws that stripped Jews of their rights and freedoms. Events like the book burnings of 1933 and Kristallnacht pogrom in 1938 increased the persecution of Jews. The Wannsee Conference in 1942 formalized the "Final Solution" which systematized the genocide of European Jews through ghettos, concentration camps, forced labor camps, transit camps, and killing centers.
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Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
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2. Motivations
1. Why did France and Britain fight in the war?
to gain control of the Ohio Valley
to expand their empires
The “French and Indian War” was a smaller part of a
world-wide war between England and France that took
place on 4 continents (The Seven Years War)
3. Motivations
2. Why did the British colonies fight?
A desire to expand the colonies westward to the Ohio
Valley to expand their empires
Some felt loyalty to Great Britain
Westward expansion meant new land, more resources,
which would become more wealth
5. Motivations
3. Why did the Native Americans fight?
To honor military alliances
to gain the benefits of supporting the victor in a war
Since the war was fought over the land they lived on, the
Native Americans had a vested interest in the outcome
of the war
Most sided with the French because they had far fewer
settlers (~70,000 French vs. ~1,000,000 British)
6. Winners & Losers
4. What did Britain gain as a result of the war?
Canada
virtually all of North America east of the Mississippi
River
Spain, as an ally to France, lost lands to the British as
well – especially parts of Florida
8. Winners & Losers
5. What did Britain lose?
Lives
the colonists’ respect
a good deal of money
9. Winners & Losers
6. What did the colonies gain as a result of the war?
Access to what had been French territories
10. Winners & Losers
7. What did the colonies lose?
Lives
profits from trade (due to increased taxation to pay
off Britain’s war debt)
some rights commonly held by British subjects
11. Winners & Losers
8. What did France lose as a result of the war?
Lives
all of their American territories other than a few small
islands
12. Winners & Losers
9. What did war cost Native Americans?
Lives
the aid and friendship of the French
protection from the British
13. George Washington
Unsuccessful military commander
(Colonel) – lost attack on Fort
Duquesne, and forfeited Fort
Necessity
Lost Fort Ticonderoga, but his
courage and bravery gained him
fame
14. George Grenville
British Finance minister who
imposed many of the taxes the
colonists hated
Reviled (hated) by the colonists
King liked his mercantilist policies
because it helped England
recover financially from the
Seven Years War